Effects of competition experience and transportation on the adrenocortical and thyroid responses of horses

Fazio, Esterina; Medica, Pietro; Cravana, Cristina; Ferlazzo, Adriana

doi:10.1136/vr.163.24.713

Cited by 47 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…They found significant increases relative to the basal values in cortisol concentrations of all groups of horses [4]. In a preliminary study, blood samples were taken before and after an international cross event.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rider and Horse Salivary Cortisol Levels During Competition and Impact on Performance

Peeters

Closson

Beckers

et al. 2013

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

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a b s t r a c tDuring competition, stress may affect riders and horses. This stress can affect health, welfare, and/or performance. Our aim was to quantify stress levels during competition in horses and riders. We also searched relationships between these stress levels and performance. Twenty riders and 23 horses were followed up during a show-jumping event (26 courses) held at a riding school. Regular saliva samples taken from horses and riders were assayed to evaluate cortisol levels. We studied salivary cortisol evolution during the days of competition. There was no correlation between instantaneous sampling on horses and their riders. However, we did find a parallel between horse and rider salivary cortisol evolution curves, with a similar peak, reached 20 minutes after the course. The increase was stronger in riders than in horses. Correlations appeared between salivary cortisol concentration and performance, but stress in both partners seems to have an opposite influence on performance. Riders who showed a higher salivary cortisol increase were awarded more penalties, whereas horses that showed a higher increase in salivary cortisol performed better. Stress level measurement in riderehorse pairs would thus lead to improvement in competition conditions and performance, for horses as well as for riders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rider and Horse Salivary Cortisol Levels During Competition and Impact on Performance

Peeters

Closson

Beckers

et al. 2013

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

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“…It is also known that three hours of post-transport rest is sufficient to return elevated salivary cortisol level to baseline value in naïve horses (Schmidt et al 2010a, b, c). Some studies showed that the effect of transport can be seen even after 24 hours (Stull and Rodiek 2000, Fazio et al 2008b, Stull et al 2008, Medica et al 2010. Nevertheless, the fact that plasma and salivary cortisol concentrations did not decrease during 12 and 24 hours after the end of transport indicates that this period was insufficient to restore the homeostasis of the studied horses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Transit from 50 to 500 km significantly changed the cortisol release ratio, however, it did not influence plasma or salivary cortisol levels determined immediately after unloading (Fazio et al 2008, Schmidt et al 2010c. A 24 hour resting period after 24 hours of transport was generally sufficient to restore the plasma cortisol concentration to initial levels, even on a summer day, with maximal environmental temperature exceeding 38°C (Fazio et al 2008b, Stull et al 2008, Stull and Rodiek 2000. Moreover, Schmidt et al (2010a,b,c) stated that salivary cortisol concentration in experienced horses decreased after transport to baseline values within 30 min, and in naïve horses, within three hours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of transportation procedures on salivary and plasma cortisol concentrations in cold-blood horses

Kędzierski¹,

Bełkot²,

Janczarek³

et al. 2016

PHK

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Summary: Horses are often transported. Road transport is stressful for horses and induces various rates of cortisol release related to breed and age. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stress level in cold-blood horses of different ages, in response transport over two different distances. The stress level was evaluated on the basis of cortisol concentrations in plasma and saliva samples taken during transportation procedures. A total of 36 cold-blood mares in the process of being sold and bought were included in the study. The horses were divided into four age-and distance-related groups. Twelve adult mares and 12 fillies were transported 50 km. The other two groups (six fillies and six adult mares) were transported 550 km. Samples were taken at rest, two times during the transportation procedure and 12 hours after transport 50 km or 24 hours after transport 550 km. Salivary and plasma cortisol concentrations increased during transportation procedures and remained elevated 12 and 24 hours after the end of transport. In conclusion, in cold-blood horses subjected to transportation, even 24 hours post-transport rest is insufficient to lower plasma and salivary cortisol concentrations to baseline values. Cold-blood, naive horses seem to be more sensitive to changes in location than to road transport. Saliva samples are useful for the determination of cortisol concentration in transported cold-blood horses.

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“…Equinos que participam de competições estão expostos a fatores estressores diferentes: dificuldade da competição, transporte, exames veterinários e proximidade forçada com desconhecidos (FAZIO, et al, 2008;MCGREEVY et. al., 2005;MEDICA, et al, 2010;SCHMIDT et al, 2010;HALL, et al, 2013).…”

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Boas Práticas E Bem-Estar Em Cavalos De Hipismo: Oportunidades De Melhorias

Sturn¹,

Lima²,

Ribeiro³

2018

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RESUMONa ciência, o estado de bem-estar de um animal é muitas vezes relacionado com o resultado dos efeitos das ações dos seres humanos, sendo esta voltada para o conhecimento das necessidades dos mesmos. Assim sendo, o animal que conseguir satisfazer suas necessidades biológicas terá maior grau de bem-estar e, de forma contrária, quando não atendidas, respostas fisiológicas e comportamentais são desencadeadas na tentativa de adaptação, mantendo sua homeostasia. Quando o equilíbrio não se estabelece, um estado permanente de estresse se mantém. Neste contexto, a avaliação do bem-estar nos equinos usados no hipismo, é importante, uma vez que esses são submetidos a ambientes e condições de manejo que não atendem na maior parte do tempo as necessidades da espécie. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, evidenciar as necessidades e os principais desafios relacionados ao bem-estar dos cavalos de hipismo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Adaptação. Comportamento. Equinos. Estereotipias. Manejo. Saúde. GOOD PRACTICES AND WELFARE OF SPORT HORSES: OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVEMENTSABSTRACT In science, animal's welfare condition is often related to the result of the human actions towards them, and it is focused on the understanding of their needs. Therefore, the animal that is able to satisfy its biological needs will have higher welfare level. Therefore, if it is not, there is a lack of satisfaction, triggering a permanent condition of stress. Physiological and behavioral responses will occur in the attempt of animal's body to adapt to that environment, maintaining its homeostasis. In this context, since the athlete equines are often kept in environments and submitted to management conditions that do not meet their needs, welfare evaluation is a major issue. Thus, the objective of this study is to understand equines needs, to identify key issues and alternative solutions related to the well-being of sport horses.

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Effects of competition experience and transportation on the adrenocortical and thyroid responses of horses

Cited by 47 publications

References 26 publications

Rider and Horse Salivary Cortisol Levels During Competition and Impact on Performance

Rider and Horse Salivary Cortisol Levels During Competition and Impact on Performance

Effects of transportation procedures on salivary and plasma cortisol concentrations in cold-blood horses

Boas Práticas E Bem-Estar Em Cavalos De Hipismo: Oportunidades De Melhorias

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