Effects of compatibilizers on the mechanical properties and interfacial tension of polypropylene and poly(lactic acid) blends

Yoo, Tae Wook; Yoon, Ho Gyu; Choi, Seok Jin; Kim, Min Soo; Kim, Youn Hee; Kim, Woo Nyon

doi:10.1007/s13233-010-0613-y

Cited by 99 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Sangeetha et al reported that impact strength was higher in PLA/SEBS‐g‐MA blends than that in PLA/SEBS, which may be due to the interaction between maleic anhydride groups in SEBS‐g‐MA and carbonyl groups of PLA. SEBS‐g‐MA copolymer is used to toughen many polymers such as polypropylene (PP), high density polyethylene, nylon‐6, nylon‐6,6 and PLA . Yoo et al reported that SEBS‐g‐MA is an effective impact modifier for PP/PLA blends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(lactic acid)/(styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene)‐g‐maleic anhydride copolymer/sepiolite nanocomposites: Investigation of thermo‐mechanical and morphological properties

Nehra

Maiti

Jacob

2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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In this study, sepiolite nanoclay is used as reinforcing agent for poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/(styreneethylene-butylene-styrene)-g-maleic anhydride copolymer (SEBS-g-MA) 90/10 (w/w) blend.Effects of sepiolite on thermal behavior, morphology, and thermomechanical properties of PLA/SEBS-g-MA blend were investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed 7% improvement in crystallinity at 0.5 wt% of sepiolite. The nanocomposite exhibited approximately 36% increase in the tensile modulus and 17% increase in toughness as compared with the blend matrix at 0.5 and 2.5 wt% of sepiolite respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images exhibited sepiolite-induced morphological changes and dispersion of sepiolite in both PLA and SEBS-g-MA phases. Dynamic mechanical analysis and wide angle X-ray diffraction present evidences in support of the reinforcing nature of sepiolite and phase interaction between the filler and the matrix. This study confirms that sepiolite can improve tensile modulus and toughness of PLA/SEBS-g-MA blend. Biobased polymers have received a great deal of attention because they minimize the use of petrochemical resources and are superior in eco-friendliness. 1 The poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a biodegradable polyester with high tensile strength and modulus. However, because of its brittleness, low thermal stability, and tensile toughness, neat PLA is limited in applications. Properly modified PLA can be used in many applications like food packaging, textile, electronics, surgical sutures, drug delivery systems, and transport and building. [2][3][4][5] Techniques such as plasticization, copolymerization, and blending are used to deal with the drawbacks of PLA. Blending is a feasible option compared with other techniques because of its cost effectiveness and minimum trade-off in properties. Blending with a thermoplastic elastomer like SEBS can be an effective way to toughen PLA. The SEBS is widely used in commercial applications such as sealants, footwear, coatings, 6 automotive parts, adhesives, temperature sensors, 7 and wire insulation. Sangeetha et al 8 reported that impact strength was higher in PLA/SEBS-g-MA blends than that in PLA/SEBS, which may be due to the interaction between maleic anhydride groups in SEBS-g-MA and carbonyl groups of PLA. SEBS-g-MA copolymer is used to toughen many polymers such as polypropylene (PP), 9 high density polyethylene, 10 nylon-6, 11 nylon-6,6 12 and PLA. 8,[13][14][15] reported that SEBS-g-MA is an effective impact modifier for PP/PLA blends. However, tensile modulus and strength decreased.Various kinds of fillers such as organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT), [16][17][18][19] carbon nanotubes (CNTs), 20-22 calcium carbonate, [23][24][25] silica, 26-28 and carbon fullerenes 29,30 are used to enhance the thermomechanical properties of PLA. Although, OMMTs and carbon nanotubes worked well with PLA, the formers need special organic treatments to get exfoliated, while the latters are expensive and are detrimen...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(lactic acid)/(styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene)‐g‐maleic anhydride copolymer/sepiolite nanocomposites: Investigation of thermo‐mechanical and morphological properties

Nehra

Maiti

Jacob

2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…They showed that the addition of compatibilizer to the PP/PLA blends greatly improved tensile strength. They also showed that PP/PLA blends compatibilized with styrene/ethylene/butylene/styrene‐grafted maleic anhydride (MA) showed decreased tensile strength; but they suggested that it could effectively be used as an impact modifier to improve the impact strength of the PP/PLA (80/20) blends 6. Mohamed et al found that the incorporation of polystyrene (PS) in PLA resulted in thermal stabilization of the blends although the final blends were immiscible, confirmed by two independent T g s 7…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Maleic‐Anhydride Grafting on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Poly(L‐lactic acid)/Starch Blends

Hwang

Shim

Selke

et al. 2012

Macro Materials & Eng

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MA is grafted onto both PLLA and starch in an internal mixer in the presence of DCP in a one‐step reactive compatibilization process. The effect of maleation of MA on the physical and mechanical properties and morphology of the blends was assessed. The onset decomposition temperature of the PLLA/starch blends decreased as the starch content increases due to the lower thermal stability of starch and the low effect of the maleation reaction on the thermal stability of the blends. PLLA/starch blends without grafted MA showed higher crystallinity as the starch content increased. Reactive compatibilized blends with less than 20 wt% starch had higher storage modulus, indicating that the compatibility between the two phases was improved.

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“…However, the compounding of MAPP to the PLA/PP 50:50 blend had a slight influence on the flexural modulus and impact strength of the blend. The effect of MAPP on the mechanical properties of the PLA/PP blend was also investigated by Yoo et al [33] in their research. They added MAPP (1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 phr) to the blend PLA/PP 80:20 to improve the compatibility of the blend and studied the properties of the PLA/PP/MAPP blend.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Poly(lactic acid)/polypropylene and compatibilized poly(lactic acid)/polypropylene blends prepared by a vane extruder: analysis of the mechanical properties, morphology and thermal behavior

Chen

Zou

Zhang

et al. 2015

Journal of Polymer Engineering

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Poly(lactic acid)/polypropylene and compatibilized poly(lactic acid)/polypropylene blends prepared by a vane extruder: analysis of the mechanical properties, morphology and thermal behavior Abstract: Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/polypropylene (PP) blends with different weight fractions were prepared by a novel vane extruder. The mechanical properties, morphology, crystallization behavior and thermal stability of the blends were investigated. The tensile strength, flexural strength and elongation at break decreased nonlinearly when the PP content was not more than 50 wt% and then increased with an increase in the PP content. The flexural modulus decreased with increasing PP weight fraction. The PLA/PP 90:10 blend exhibited the optimum impact strength. Scanning electron microscopy measurements revealed that the PLA/PP blends were immiscible. Phase separation occurred significantly at a blend ratio of 50:50. Regarding the PLA/PP 90:10 blend, the mean diameter of the disperse-phase PP particles was the smallest at 1.11 μ m. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements showed that low content of PP enhanced the crystallization of PLA. The PLA component in the blends impeded the crystallization of PP when PP was used as the matrix. The thermogravimetric analysis measurement involved a two-step decomposition process of the blends. The thermal resistance of the blends was improved by compounding with PP. As compatibilizers, both the maleic anhydride-grafted PP and the ethylene/ n -butyl acrylate/ glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer helped improve the mechanical properties, crystallization property and thermal resistance of the PLA/PP blends.

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Effects of compatibilizers on the mechanical properties and interfacial tension of polypropylene and poly(lactic acid) blends

Cited by 99 publications

References 19 publications

Poly(lactic acid)/(styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene)‐g‐maleic anhydride copolymer/sepiolite nanocomposites: Investigation of thermo‐mechanical and morphological properties

Poly(lactic acid)/(styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene)‐g‐maleic anhydride copolymer/sepiolite nanocomposites: Investigation of thermo‐mechanical and morphological properties

Effect of Maleic‐Anhydride Grafting on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Poly(L‐lactic acid)/Starch Blends

Poly(lactic acid)/polypropylene and compatibilized poly(lactic acid)/polypropylene blends prepared by a vane extruder: analysis of the mechanical properties, morphology and thermal behavior

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