Effects of combined dietary administration ofRhodotorulasp. H26 andBacillussp. BC26 on growth, immunity and intestinal microbiota in juvenile sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus

Abstract

A 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of combined oral administration of the yeast Rhodotorula sp. H26 and bacterium Bacillus sp. BC26 on growth, digestive enzyme activity, body composition, immunity, and intestinal microbiota in the juvenile sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus. Sea cucumbers were divided into four groups and received one of the following diets: BD) basal diet; H) H26; B) BC26; HB) H26 + BC26. After feeding for 4 and/or 8 weeks, sea cucumbers fed the HB diet showed a significant increase in specific growth rate, pepsin, trypsin, amylase, and lipase activities, and body wall crude protein, carbohydrate, arachidonic and adrenic acids contents compared with the BD and/or single probiont (H26 and/or BC26) groups. Feeding the mixture significantly improved phagocytic activity and respiratory burst of the coelomocytes, and lysozyme activity and phenoloxidase activity of the coelomic fluid supernatant and coelomocyte lysate supernatant compared with the BD and and/or single probiont (H26 and/or BC26) groups. Gel electrophoresis revealed that the mixture of H26 and BC26 did not significantly affect the composition of intestinal microbiota. These data suggest that a mixture of H26 and BC26 supplementation can improve the growth, enhance digestive enzyme activity, add nutritional value, and stimulate the innate immune system of sea cucumber juveniles.

A mixed Bacillus gibsonii and Sphingomonas echinoides infection in cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…Besides the terrestrial plants, animals and their products, S. echinoides is also present in the aquatic environment and found to be associated with various aquatic organisms. It was previously identified in the intestinal microbiota of cultured grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) in China (Zhou et al, 2013;Yuan et al 2015), among the surface-associated bacteria isolated from the sea cucumber Stichopus badionotus in Malaysia (Alipiah et al, 2016), in the microbiota of abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) in South Korea (Lee et al, 2016), among the intestinal microbiota of juvenile sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus (Ma et al, 2018) and among the surface-associated bacteria isolated from the sea urchin (Tripneustes gratilla) in South Africa (Brink et al, 2019). Besides, S. paucimobilis was also identified in the water released from a rainbow trout farm in Mersin region of Turkey (Özer et al, 2008) and a resistant strain of this species against various heavy metals and antibiotics was identified from the water column of Kızılırmak river (Özer et al, 2013;İçgen and Yılmaz, 2014).…”

Fungi and Actinobacteria: Alternative Probiotics for Sustainable Aquaculture

“…H26 and Bacillus sp. BC26 improved digestive enzyme activity (e.g., trypsin and amylase) and innate immune responses (phagocytic activity and lysozyme activity) in the juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas [226].…”

The effects of dietary supplement of Ulva fasciata , fermented soybean and probiotics on the growth of Apostichopus japonicus

“…It has been reported that growth performance of sea cucumber can be much improved by dietary supplement of fermented soybean (FSB) (Seo et al, 2011b), solid-state fermented diet (Wang, Guo, et al, 2017) and hydrolysed soybean meal (Song et al, 2016). Moreover, several studies demonstrated that dietary probiotics had positive effects on the growth and immunity of sea cucumber (Chi et al, 2014;Ma et al, 2018;Yang et al, 2015). In the present study, serial feeding trials were conducted to determine the proper dietary supplement for Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka, 1867).…”