Effects of combined administration of calcium, iron, zinc, chrysanthemum flavonoids, and DMSA on the treatment of lead intoxication in mice

Abstract

The effect of combined administration of calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), chrysanthemum flavonoids, and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) on the treatment of lead (Pb) intoxication in mice was studied. One hundred ninety female mice (SPF level, aged 18-22 days) were randomly divided into two groups as experimental animals. Mice in group I (10 mice) served as normal control animals, and were administered deionized water containing 12.5 μL/L acetate acid for 6 weeks, whereas mice in group II (180 mice) were exposed to 0.1% (wt/vol) of lead acetate in deionized water for 6 weeks and served as experimental animals. After 6 weeks of successful modeling, 180 mice from group II (lead-exposed) were divided into 18 groups of 10 mice each, 16 of which were treated by the combined administration of Ca, Fe, Zn, chrysanthemum flavonoids, and DMSA by L 16 (2 15 ) orthogonal design. The remaining two groups were given treatment with low and high doses of DMSA, respectively. After three weeks of intervention (ig), the optimal treatment group was identified according to its blood lead level, as well as some antioxidant indices in the blood, liver, and hippocampus. The results indicated that the combined administration of Fe, Zn, chrysanthemum flavonoids, and DMSA with low dosage had the most significant effect on increasing the activities of blood delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and superoxide dismutase (SOD), hepatic SOD and hippocampus nitric oxide synthase while decreasing the blood lead level, the content of hepatic malondialdehyde and hippocampus nitric oxide; this was considered the optimal treatment group. There was no difference in the level of blood hemoglobin between the optimal treatment group and the model control group (the first group of the orthogonal experiment). The activities of blood glutathione (GSH), hepatic GSH and glutathione peroxidase of the optimal treatment group were the same as other groups', and the recovery of the related indexes in the optimal effect group closely resembled the high dosage DMSA group. It can be concluded that the coadministration of Fe, Zn, and chrysanthemum flavonoids along with a low-dose DMSA effectively reduces Pb poisoning and lead-induced oxidative damage in lead-exposed mice; the result may provide a theoretical reference for the treatment of Pb poisoning. K E Y W O R D S chrysanthemum flavonoids, combined treatment effect, DMSA, nutrients, Pb poisoning

Lead detoxification of edible fungi Auricularia auricula and Pleurotus ostreatus: the purification of the chelation substances and their effects on rats

“…Some antagonistic drugs can also reduce the damage of lead to the body by enhancing the body's immunity or antioxidant capacity, such as beetroot juice and laver ( 9 , 10 ). Ions such as calcium, iron, zinc, and magnesium have been also reported to have the ability to reduce the absorption of lead by competing with lead for intestinal absorption ( 11 ).…”

Comparative Analysis of Chemical Composition andAntibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of theEssential Oils from Chrysanthemum morifolium ofDifferent Flowering Stages and Different Parts

“…was used as Hangbaiju in China and is rich in volatile oils, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and polysaccharides. Recently, pharmacological studies have revealed that it has broad bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, antitumor, relieving diabetes, and antioxidative damage activities [ 6 , 7 ]. It has been proved that chrysanthemum extract can improve the specific skin inflammation in mice and has the potential to treat various immune-related skin diseases [ 8 ].…”