Effects of Cocoa-Rich Chocolate on Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Arterial Stiffness in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Garcia-Yu, Irene A; Gómez‐Marcos, Manuel A.; Rodríguez‐Sánchez, Emiliano; Agudo‐Conde, Cristina; Maderuelo-Fernandez, José A; Recio-Rodríguez, José I

doi:10.3390/nu12061758

Cited by 10 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Сложнее оценивать влияние различных диетических вмешательств на показатели артериальной жесткости, однако в последнее время появились и такие исследования [53,54]. Например, было показано, что ежедневное сочетанное потребление кофе и зеленого чая у женщин 40-65 лет в наибольшей степени способствует снижению CAVI, в отличие от их изолированного употребления [53].…”

Section: влияние медикаментозной терапии и модификации поведения на Caviunclassified

“…Авторы считают, что данный эффект был связан с сочетанным влиянием кофеина и полифенолов, содержащихся в кофе, а также катехинов зеленого чая [53]. В то же время попытка повлиять на CAVI назначением 10 г шоколада с высоким содержанием какао (99%) за счет действия флаванолов не привела к успеху -через 6 мес CAVI в основной группе даже возрос [54].…”

Section: влияние медикаментозной терапии и модификации поведения на Caviunclassified

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Assessment of Arterial Stiffness Using the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index – What We Know and What We Strive for

Sumin

Щеглова

2021

Racionalʹnaâ farmakoterapiâ v kardiologii

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Currently, the importance of assessing arterial stiffness as an integral indicator of cardiovascular risk, an indicator of arteriosclerosis, and a predictor of cardiovascular events has been demonstrated. The traditional indicator of arterial stiffness-pulse wave velocity-depends on the level of blood pressure, which makes it difficult to use it for dynamic assessment. The proposed new arterial stiffness index-the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), does not depend on the level of blood pressure and is more convenient in practical use. CAVI has been widely used in clinical medicine for the past 15 years as an index for assessing cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, which has allowed for the expansion and deepening of research on this topic. This review focuses primarily on recent publications and new opportunities for evaluating vascular function using CAVI. The review provides information on solving methodological problems in evaluating CAVI, highlights the relationship between CAVI and future cardiovascular events, and provides cross-sectional data on the Association of CAVI with the presence of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors. The results of studies on the effect of drug therapy and measures to control risk factors for cardiovascular diseases on CAVI are presented. While it remains unclear how much changes in CAVI over time can affect the forecast, research is currently being conducted in this direction. The use of CAVI also opens up new perspectives in the assessment of cardiovascular interactions, the study of vascular function in vasculitis and vascular injuries, as well as in geriatric medicine (concepts of premature vascular aging and excess vascular aging).

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Section: влияние медикаментозной терапии и модификации поведения на Caviunclassified

Assessment of Arterial Stiffness Using the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index – What We Know and What We Strive for

Sumin

Щеглова

2021

Racionalʹnaâ farmakoterapiâ v kardiologii

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“…This manuscript includes results on body composition as a secondary outcome from the intervention study. Results on blood pressure, as the main outcome of the trial, have been previously published (14) .…”

Section: Design and Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocoa-rich chocolate and body composition in postmenopausal women: a randomised clinical trial

et al. 2020

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During menopause, women undergo a series of physiological changes that include a redistribution of fat tissue. This study was designed to investigate the effect of adding 10g of cocoa-rich chocolate to the habitual diet of postmenopausal women daily on body composition. We conducted a 6-month, 2-arm randomized, controlled trial. Postmenopausal women (57.2±3.6 years, n = 132) were recruited in primary care clinics. Participants in the control group (CG) did not receive any intervention. Those of the intervention group (IG) received 10g daily of 99%-cocoa chocolate in addition to their habitual diet for 6-months. This quantity comprises 59 Kcal and 65.4 mg of polyphenols. The primary outcomes were the between-group differences in body composition variables, measured by impendancemetry at the end of the study. The main effect of the intervention showed a favourable reduction in the IG with respect to the CG in body fat mass (-0.63 kg [95%CI: -1.15 to -0.11], p=0.019), (Cohen’s d = -0.450) and body fat percentage (-0.79% [95%CI: -1.31 to -0.26], p=0.004), (Cohen’s d = -0.539). A non-significant decrease was also observed in body mass index (-0.20 kg/m2 [95%CI: -0.44 to 0.03], p=0.092), (Cohen’s d = -0.345). Both the body fat mass and the body fat percentage showed a decrease in the IG for the 3 body segments analysed (trunk, arms and legs). Daily addition of 10 g of cocoa-rich chocolate to the habitual diet of postmenopausal women reduces their body fat mass and body fat percentage without modifying their weight.

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“…Finally, we included 18 records in our analysis. Four out of the eighteen records reported different outcomes for the same study [ 29 ], and they were merged into a single study, leaving fifteen distinct studies included in our analysis. The flow diagram of the studies from the initial search to meta-analysis is shown in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health Effects of Chocolate and Cocoa: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Chocolate has a history of human consumption tracing back to 400 AD and is rich in polyphenols such as catechins, anthocyanidins, and pro anthocyanidins. As chocolate and cocoa product consumption, along with interest in them as functional foods, increases worldwide, there is a need to systematically and critically appraise the available clinical evidence on their health effects. A systematic search was conducted on electronic databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) using a search strategy and keywords. Among the many health effects assessed on several outcomes (including skin, cardiovascular, anthropometric, cognitive, and quality of life), we found that compared to controls, chocolate or cocoa product consumption significantly improved lipid profiles (triglycerides), while the effects of chocolate on all other outcome parameters were not significantly different. In conclusion, low-to-moderate-quality evidence with short duration of research (majority 4–6 weeks) showed no significant difference between the effects of chocolate and control groups on parameters related to skin, blood pressure, lipid profile, cognitive function, anthropometry, blood glucose, and quality of life regardless of form, dose, and duration among healthy individuals. It was generally well accepted by study subjects, with gastrointestinal disturbances and unpalatability being the most reported concerns.

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Effects of Cocoa-Rich Chocolate on Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Arterial Stiffness in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Assessment of Arterial Stiffness Using the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index – What We Know and What We Strive for

Assessment of Arterial Stiffness Using the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index – What We Know and What We Strive for

Cocoa-rich chocolate and body composition in postmenopausal women: a randomised clinical trial

The Health Effects of Chocolate and Cocoa: A Systematic Review

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