Effects of climatic conditions during harvest and handling on the postharvest expression of red drupelet reversion in blackberries

Edgley, Max; Close, DC; Measham, Penelope

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2019.04.052

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The methods of handling fruit during and after harvest can further influence RDR development (Perkins-Veazie et al, 1997). Up to 85% of 'Ouachita' berries that were hand-harvested following standard industry practices developed RDR, compared with only 6% of fruit that was harvested without handling, by cutting the pedicel above the fruit receptacle and placing the berries into cotton wool-lined cells (Edgley et al, 2019c). Edgley et al (2019d) induced RDR in berries harvested without handling by exposing them to a point of impact injury.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Harvest Time and Fruit Firmness on Red Drupelet Reversion in Blackberry

Armour¹,

Worthington²,

Clark³

et al. 2021

horts

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Red drupelet reversion (RDR) is a postharvest disorder of blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) in which fully black drupelets revert to red after harvest. This disorder can negatively impact consumer perception of fresh-market blackberries. The cause of RDR is hypothesized to be related to intracellular damage sustained because of mechanical and environmental stress during and after harvest. Cultivars differ in susceptibility to this disorder; and cultural factors, including nitrogen rate, harvest and shipping practices, and climate during harvest, influence RDR severity. In this 2-year study, seven genotypes (cultivars and advanced selections) developed in the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture (UA) blackberry breeding program, with a range of fruit textures, were evaluated to determine whether firmness was correlated with RDR. In addition, fruit was harvested at four different times (7:00 am, 10:00 am, 1:00 pm, and 4:00 pm) to investigate whether harvest time influences RDR. All seven genotypes were harvested at the four times on two harvest dates per year and evaluated for RDR and firmness after 1 week of cold storage (5 °C). Fruit harvested early in the day had less RDR, with 7:00 am harvests having the least RDR in both years. Significant genotypic differences in RDR and fruit firmness were found in each year. Firmness was negatively correlated with RDR in 2018 and 2019. These results indicate that growers may be able to reduce the prevalence of RDR by choosing cultivars with firm fruit texture and harvesting early in the day.

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Effect of Harvest Time and Fruit Firmness on Red Drupelet Reversion in Blackberry

Armour¹,

Worthington²,

Clark³

et al. 2021

horts

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“…Excessive reversion can result in rejection of whole shipments of blackberries and influence consumer percep-tion of fruit quality. The incidence and severity of red drupelet reversion is affected by environmental conditions, postharvest handling practices, and cultivar choice (Edgley et al, 2019a(Edgley et al, , 2019b(Edgley et al, , 2019cMcCoy et al, 2016;Perkins-Veazie et al, 1996;Salgado and Clark, 2016;Segantini et al, 2017Segantini et al, , 2018. White drupelet disorder (tan-to-white discoloration of drupelets) is another physiological disorder in blackberries that reduces marketability.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Fruit firmness was long considered a difficult or intractable trait to improve, but sustained breeding efforts over decades have resulted in major advances in shipping quality and firmness in the UA System blackberry breeding program (Clark, 2005). Firm blackberries were reported to have significantly less red drupelet reversion than soft genotypes (cultivars and selection) during storage (Edgley et al, 2019a(Edgley et al, , 2019b(Edgley et al, , 2019cMcCoy et al, 2016;Salgado and Clark, 2016;Segantini et al, 2017Segantini et al, , 2018. However, it is unknown whether consumers will embrace blackberries with extremely firm flesh.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identifying Marketable Attributes of Fresh-market Blackberries through Consumer Sensory Evaluations

Threlfall¹,

Clark²,

Dunteman³

et al. 2021

horts

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Breeding and release of new fresh-market blackberries (Rubus subgenus Rubus Watson) is vital for competitive markets to address evolving changes and production challenges. Physical, composition, and sensory attributes of six University of Arkansas (UA) System Division of Agriculture blackberry cultivars (Caddo, Natchez, Osage, Ouachita, Ponca, and Prime-Ark® Traveler) were evaluated to identify marketable attributes. The consumer sensory study (n = 81) had two elements: a visual evaluation of displayed blackberries and an appearance, tasting, and firmness evaluation of the six cultivars using a 9-point verbal hedonic liking scale and a 5-point just about right (JAR) scale. Consumers preferred large blackberries when presented with individual berries of varying sizes and clamshells filled with equal weights of small or large blackberries. The largest of the six cultivars, Natchez and Caddo, were scored favorably for size and shape. Consumers also preferred clamshells with little to no red drupelet reversion, a postharvest disorder where black drupelets on the blackberry turn red during or after cold storage. Consumers did not detect differences in the appearance or firmness of the cultivars and rated the firmness of all cultivars favorably on the JAR scale. The physical and composition attributes of the six cultivars were within commercially acceptable ranges (soluble solids = 9% to 10%, pH = 3.1–3.8, titratable acidity = 0.6% to 1.4%, and berry weight = 6–10 g). ‘Ponca’, ‘Osage’, ‘Caddo’, and ‘Natchez’ were all rated highly for sweetness, sourness, overall flavor, and overall impression. ‘Ponca’ was rated high for sweetness, overall flavor, and overall impression and had 10.4% soluble solids, 0.82% titratable acidity, and a 12.8 soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio. The identification of these marketability attributes of fresh-market blackberries will provide information to advance breeding efforts for fruit with commercial potential.

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“…The average rainy season runs from late May through October (Supplemental Fig. 1), thereby overlapping with the late-season blackberry harvest and increasing the risk of disease damage or physiological disorders, such as sunscald and red duplet reversion (McWhirt 2017b;Lin and Agehara 2018;Edgley et al 2019). Therefore, our results suggest that defoliants have the potential to improve not only early season yield but also fruit quality and marketability by avoiding unfavorable weather conditions.…”

Section: Urea and Ls Affect Yield And Yield Distributionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Foliar application of defoliants after winter chill accumulation changes phytohormone dynamics and improves budbreak in blackberry under subtropical climatic conditions

Lin

Agehara

2021

Plant Growth Regul

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Inadequate winter chill causes poor budbreak in blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson), limiting the commercial production in the subtropics. In ‘Natchez’ blackberry, our previous study found that, under inadequate chilling conditions, urea and lime sulfur (LS) applied as defoliants before chill accumulation advanced budbreak but did not improve final budbreak. In this study, we applied the two defoliants at the end of chill accumulation and examined their effectiveness in breaking dormancy, with a hypothesis that it can be enhanced with increased exposure to chilling. Field experiments were conducted over two growing seasons under subtropical climatic conditions. ‘Natchez’ blackberry was sprayed with urea or LS at 10%. Both defoliants were effective in both advancing and maximizing budbreak. Final budbreak reached 42.6% to 76.8% in the defoliant treatments, compared with 27.1% to 31.6% in the control. Advanced budbreak by defoliants increased early season yield by 35% to 88%. Although not statistically significant, defoliants increased total-season yield by 19% to 56%, compared with the control. Phytohormone profiling revealed no changes in abscisic acid and gibberellic acid 4, but increasing trends in jasmonic acid and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) during budbreak. The LS treatment increased IAA accumulation by up to 377% compared with the control. These results suggest that urea and LS are highly effective dormancy-breaking agents for blackberry when applied after winter chill accumulation. These defoliants could be an important adaptation tool for subtropical blackberry production. Furthermore, increased IAA accumulation appears to be, at least in part, the mode of action for LS-induced budbreak.

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Effects of climatic conditions during harvest and handling on the postharvest expression of red drupelet reversion in blackberries

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of Harvest Time and Fruit Firmness on Red Drupelet Reversion in Blackberry

Effect of Harvest Time and Fruit Firmness on Red Drupelet Reversion in Blackberry

Identifying Marketable Attributes of Fresh-market Blackberries through Consumer Sensory Evaluations

Foliar application of defoliants after winter chill accumulation changes phytohormone dynamics and improves budbreak in blackberry under subtropical climatic conditions

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