Effects of climate change and anthropogenic ocean acidification on underwater acoustic communications

Sehgal, Anuj; Tumar, Iyad; Schönwälder, Jürgen

doi:10.1109/oceanssyd.2010.5603511

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…quality of prey species [30,109,[126][127][128]. Changes in pH and temperature may have some direct impacts on marine mammals via changes in sound absorption and transmission, which could affect communication and foraging [129][130][131][132]. Although no impacts have been documented in marine mammals, changes in pH also may result in complex parasite-host relationship responses throughout the trophic web [133].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability to climate change of United States marine mammal stocks in the western North Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean

Lettrich,

Asaro,

Borggaard

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Climate change and climate variability are affecting marine mammal species and these impacts are projected to continue in the coming decades. Vulnerability assessments provide a framework for evaluating climate impacts over a broad range of species using currently available information. We conducted a trait-based climate vulnerability assessment using expert elicitation for 108 marine mammal stocks and stock groups in the western North Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean Sea. Our approach combined the exposure (projected change in environmental conditions) and sensitivity (ability to tolerate and adapt to changing conditions) of marine mammal stocks to estimate vulnerability to climate change, and categorize stocks with a vulnerability index. The climate vulnerability score was very high for 44% (n = 47) of these stocks, high for 29% (n = 31), moderate for 20% (n = 22), and low for 7% (n = 8). The majority of stocks (n = 78; 72%) scored very high exposure, whereas 24% (n = 26) scored high, and 4% (n = 4) scored moderate. The sensitivity score was very high for 33% (n = 36) of these stocks, high for 18% (n = 19), moderate for 34% (n = 37), and low for 15% (n = 16). Vulnerability results were summarized for stocks in five taxonomic groups: pinnipeds (n = 4; 25% high, 75% moderate), mysticetes (n = 7; 29% very high, 57% high, 14% moderate), ziphiids (n = 8; 13% very high, 50% high, 38% moderate), delphinids (n = 84; 52% very high, 23% high, 15% moderate, 10% low), and other odontocetes (n = 5; 60% high, 40% moderate). Factors including temperature, ocean pH, and dissolved oxygen were the primary drivers of high climate exposure, with effects mediated through prey and habitat parameters. We quantified sources of uncertainty by bootstrapping vulnerability scores, conducting leave-one-out analyses of individual attributes and individual scorers, and through scoring data quality for each attribute. These results provide information for researchers, managers, and the public on marine mammal responses to climate change to enhance the development of more effective marine mammal management, restoration, and conservation activities that address current and future environmental variation and biological responses due to climate change.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability to climate change of United States marine mammal stocks in the western North Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean

Lettrich,

Asaro,

Borggaard

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…Noise in this simulation is assumed only the ambient noise affects the transmission which is a combination of turbulence, shipping, wind, and thermal noise. All of those kinds of noise are expressed in these Equations ( 11)-( 15) [10], [11], [12].…”

Section: Underwater Acoustic Propagation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further simulation testing in CoopMAC-U for underwater acoustic sensor networks

Hidayati²,

Wijayanti³

et al. 2023

Jartel

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In order for underwater wireless sensor networks to communicate more efficiently, MAC protocols are needed to control the use of acoustic channels. With the high propagation delay and the limited bandwidth available on the acoustic channel, a specially designed MAC protocol is needed for UWASN (Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks). In this research, the adaptation of Cooperative MAC for underwater (CoopMAC-U) will be further studied to test the protocol performance. In the previous research, CoopMAC-U was simulated yet the fairness of the transmission was not simulated and tested. In this research, CoopMAC-U will be studied further and improved. The simulation result shows that the Improved CoopMAC-U protocol produces better-normalized throughput than the initial version of CoopMAC-U. The protocol is also proven that it is backward compatible between conventional mode and cooperative mode. For offered load greater than 0.2, both the initial version of CoopMAC-U and the Improved CoopMAC-U result in stagnant normalized throughputs but the improved ones double the value of the initial version.

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“…The spreading coefficient k denotes the nature of spreading i.e. it is assumed a value 1 for cylindrical and 2 for spherical spreading [3]. Generally spreading coefficient is taken as 1.5 so as to include the effects of both cylindrical and spherical spreading.…”

Section: Path Loss Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicarrier Underwater Acoustic Communication - A Survey

George¹

2014

IJRET

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Underwater communication has captured tremendous attention in the last few years. The varied applications ranging over commercial, scientific and military activities require efficient communication under water. Acoustic waves stand out as the best medium for communicating underwater. But underwater communication has to encounter effects of spreading loss, path loss, ambient noise, multipath propagation, Doppler effects etc. In this juncture, identifying suitable underwater acoustic channel model (UAC) is very important for minimum BER communication through underwater by considering water depth, frequency and range. Also the typical long delay spread and the resulting intersymbol interference inherent in underwater acoustic channels has to be dealt with. Multicarrier modulation is a solution to this problem. In this paper an analysis on the existing works related to underwater acoustic communication covering the channel modeling techniques and modulation schemes are presented and the best technique is proposed.

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Effects of climate change and anthropogenic ocean acidification on underwater acoustic communications

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Vulnerability to climate change of United States marine mammal stocks in the western North Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean

Vulnerability to climate change of United States marine mammal stocks in the western North Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean

Further simulation testing in CoopMAC-U for underwater acoustic sensor networks

Multicarrier Underwater Acoustic Communication - A Survey

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