Effects of clay mineralogy and soil sodicity on soil infiltration rate

Levy, G. J.; Watt, H. v. H. van der

doi:10.1080/02571862.1988.10634260

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These soils also had higher clay content, which makes the absolute amount of smectite much higher than in the sand group. As shown by numerous studies, smectitic soils are highly dispersible and even small amounts of smectitic clay may cause a sharp decrease in infiltrability (Frenkel et al, 1978;Kazman et al, 1983;Levy & Van der Watt, 1988). However, the lower infiltrability in these groups may also relate to the quartz content in their clay fractions (Table 2).…”

Section: Particle Size Effectsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…As EC increases, the effect of ESP on soil dispersion is moderated (i.e., reduced in magnitude) (Oster & Schroer, 1979;Agassi et al, 1981;Shainberg et al, 1981;Shainberg & Letey, 1984;Du Plessis & Shainberg, 1985). The effect of ESP on dispersion is also modified by the presence of soil stabilizing agents such as sesquioxides and organic matter (McNeal et al, 1968;Du Plessis & Shainberg, 1985;Thompson, 1986), by clay mineralogy (Frenkel et al, 1978;Levy & Van der Watt, 1988;Stern et al, 1991;Levy et al, 1993;Laker, 2004) and by soil clay content (Shainberg & Letey, 1984;Ben-Hur et al, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The processes of dispersion versus flocculation are influenced by several soil characteristics, amongst which exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and the electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil solution are considered to be of primary importance (Agassi et al, 1981;Levy & Van der Watt, 1988;Eghbal et al, 1996;So, 2002;Le Bissonnais, 2003;Laker, 2004). A decrease in infiltrability at high ESP levels is frequently reported (Agassi et al, 1981;Kazman et al, 1983;Shainberg & Letey, 1984;Du Plessis & Shainberg, 1985;Miller & Gardiner, 1998;Robinson & Phillips, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Infiltrability in soils from south-western Africa: effects of texture, electrical conductivity and exchangeable sodium percentage

Medinski¹,

Mills²,

Fey³

2009

South African Journal of Plant and Soil

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The effects of particle size, electrical conductivity (EC) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) on infiltrability were investigated in 35 soils from Namibia and western South Africa. Samples were grouped as follows: sand (5-9% clay + silt), loamy sand (16-20%) and silty loam (73-80%). Subgroups included: low EC and low ESP (LL); low EC and high ESP (LH) and high EC and ESP (HH). Infiltrability was measured using a rapid laboratory syringe method. To investigate dispersion and flocculation processes the effect of four mobile phases on infiltrability was examined. Mobile phases included distilled water (W), a gypsum solution (G), a 1:5 soil suspension in gypsum solution (GS), and a 1:5 soil suspension in water (WS). Infiltrability was highest in the sand group, and lowest in the silty loam group. Electrical conductivity and ESP effects varied between particle size groups. In the silty loam group, EC and ESP effects were not significant due to swelling of clay minerals and rapid blockage of soil pores with dispersed particles. In the sand group, soils with high ESP (22) had significantly lower (p<0.05) infiltrability than soils with low ESP (4) levels. The application of gypsum in these soils enhanced infiltrability and minimized the negative effect of high ESP. The ameliorating effect of gypsum was apparent in treatment GS, but not treatment G, which highlights the dominant effects of mechanical disturbance and clay dispersion on crust formation and infiltrability.

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Section: Particle Size Effectsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Infiltrability in soils from south-western Africa: effects of texture, electrical conductivity and exchangeable sodium percentage

Medinski¹,

Mills²,

Fey³

2009

South African Journal of Plant and Soil

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“…Failure to account for crusting can result in overestimating water infiltration (Levy and van der Watt, 1988) especially in arid areas (Shainberg and Singer, 1985) because permeability can be reduced by two or three orders of magnitude (McIntyre, 1958). Other ecological effects of crusts include reduced aeration, germination, seedling emergence and root growth near the surface (Ahmad and Roblin, 1971;Finlay et al, 1994;Hillel, 1998;Shainberg and Levy, 1994).…”

Section: Pedodermal Crustsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Soils of Namaqualand: Compensations for aridity

Francis

Fey

Prinsloo

et al. 2007

Journal of Arid Environments

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“…The effects of ESP on crusting, however, have clearly been shown to differ widely in soils of different mineralogy. Thus, Levy and van der Watt (1988), studying the effects of clay mineralogy and ESP on crusting on South African soils, showed that when the dominant mineral of the clay fraction is kaolinite, crusting should be less serious, although the occurrence of even small amounts of smectite-as it occurs in Mkindo cultivated soil-could drastically increase the soil's crusting tendency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cultivation‐Induced Effects on the Soil Organomineral Matrix and Their Bearing on Crust Development on Two Soil Formations from Tanzania

Pardo

Almendros

Kileo

et al. 2007

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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Land degradation as a result of land-use practices is a major environmental concern to sustainable agricultural production in Tanzania. The effect of clearing and long-term cultivation on physical, chemical, and biological characteristics is described in two representative soil formations from eastern Tanzania: Mkindo (Eutric Fluvisol) in the Mvomero district and Mafiga (Ferric Lixisol) in the Morogoro district. The results have shown that in the Mkindo site, 10 years of continuous rice cultivation has led to severe changes in most characteristics of the soil. Significant effects of cultivation coincide with those considered to favor clay dispersion and crusting phenomena, including changes in soil reaction, clay content, and mineralogy as well as generalized desaturation of the exchange complex, increasing sodicity, and severe losses of soil organic matter (SOM). In contrast, at the Mafiga site, 30 years of a less disturbing cultivation system, including periodic fallows, have also modified some soil characteristics but to a lower extent than at Mkindo. Decreased soil colloidal properties at the Mkindo site and lower stability against biological degradation, reflected by carbon (C) -release curves, than the Mafiga site could be causally connected to clay illuviation processes leading to accumulation of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) but mainly caused by changes in SOM characteristics such as losses of humic (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) and accumulation of humin.

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Effects of clay mineralogy and soil sodicity on soil infiltration rate

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Infiltrability in soils from south-western Africa: effects of texture, electrical conductivity and exchangeable sodium percentage

Infiltrability in soils from south-western Africa: effects of texture, electrical conductivity and exchangeable sodium percentage

Soils of Namaqualand: Compensations for aridity

Cultivation‐Induced Effects on the Soil Organomineral Matrix and Their Bearing on Crust Development on Two Soil Formations from Tanzania

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