Effects of circadian disruption on the cardiometabolic system

Rüger, Melanie; Scheer, Frank A.J.L.

doi:10.1007/s11154-009-9122-8

Cited by 194 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 150 publications

(138 reference statements)

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“…17; for review, see ref. 33). The circadian influence on platelet aggregability is consistent with animal experiments, showing effects of core molecular clock components on coagulation (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the human circadian system, exercise, and their interaction on cardiovascular function

Scheer

Evoniuk

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The risk of adverse cardiovascular events peaks in the morning (≈9:00 AM) with a secondary peak in the evening (≈8:00 PM) and a trough at night. This pattern is generally believed to be caused by the day/night distribution of behavioral triggers, but it is unknown whether the endogenous circadian system contributes to these daily fluctuations. Thus, we tested the hypotheses that the circadian system modulates autonomic, hemodynamic, and hemostatic risk markers at rest, and that behavioral stressors have different effects when they occur at different internal circadian phases. Twelve healthy adults were each studied in a 240-h forced desynchrony protocol in dim light while standardized rest and exercise periods were uniformly distributed across the circadian cycle. At rest, there were large circadian variations in plasma cortisol (peak-to-trough ≈85% of mean, peaking at a circadian phase corresponding to ≈9:00 AM) and in circulating catecholamines (epinephrine, ≈70%; norepinephrine, ≈35%, peaking during the biological day). At ≈8:00 PM, there was a circadian peak in blood pressure and a trough in cardiac vagal modulation. Sympathetic variables were consistently lowest and vagal markers highest during the biological night. We detected no simple circadian effect on hemostasis, although platelet aggregability had two peaks: at ≈noon and ≈11:00 PM. There was circadian modulation of the cardiovascular reactivity to exercise, with greatest vagal withdrawal at ≈9:00 AM and peaks in catecholamine reactivity at ≈9:00 AM and ≈9:00 PM. Thus, the circadian system modulates numerous cardiovascular risk markers at rest as well as their reactivity to exercise, with resultant profiles that could potentially contribute to the day/night pattern of adverse cardiovascular events.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the human circadian system, exercise, and their interaction on cardiovascular function

Scheer

Evoniuk

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

264

249

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“…Heart beat and blood flow, vascular tone, fibrinolytic activity, and endothelial function are all naturally subjected to diurnal variations. 4 Interestingly, the incidence of acute myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, and ischemic stroke is highest early in the morning. …”

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confidence: 99%

Nuclear Receptors Linking Circadian Rhythms and Cardiometabolic Control

Duez

Staels

2010

ATVB

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Abstract-Many behavioral and physiological processes, including locomotor activity, blood pressure, body temperature, sleep (fasting)/wake (feeding) cycles, and metabolic regulation display diurnal rhythms. Circadian Rhythms in PhysiologyCircadian rhythms are variations that occur with a period of approximately 1 day ("circa diem") and allow the organism to anticipate and optimize its metabolic, hormonal, and locomotor activity to predictable environmental daily changes. 1 In mammals, a central clock resides in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus and synchronizes physiology to day/night cycles. In metabolic organs, output signals from the suprachiasmatic nuclei clock, conveyed by peripheral oscillators, are combined to additional circadian cues, such as food availability, information concerning local fuel availability, and the hormonal milieu to drive circadian rhythms in intermediary metabolites (eg, AMP/ATP or oxidized nicotinamide-adenosine dinucleotide (NAD ϩ )/reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ratios) and enzymes involved in local physiology. Consequently, many metabolic functions, including lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and hormone secretion follow circadian variations. 2 The circadian clock also synchronizes the cardiovascular system. The heart and vasculature have an autonomous circadian pacemaker to anticipate physiological demand in heart fuel use and contractile function. 3 For instance, blood pressure displays marked circadian variations, increasing in the morning and decreasing at night. Heart beat and blood flow, vascular tone, fibrinolytic activity, and endothelial function are all naturally subjected to diurnal variations. 4 Interestingly, the incidence of acute myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, and ischemic stroke is highest early in the morning. Adverse Cardiometabolic Consequences of Altered Circadian Rhythms: Clinical EvidenceThe metabolic syndrome comprises a constellation of abnormalities, including dyslipidemia, high fasting blood glucose level, and hypertension. 5 It is precipitated by central obesity and increases the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular complications. In addition to genetic risk factors, numerous environmental factors (eg, increased food intake and physical inactivity) contribute to the etiology of the metabolic syndrome. Chronic circadian derangement, experienced by shift workers, also increases the risk of developing features of the metabolic syndrome (Figure 1). 6,7 Interestingly, in humans subjected to a progressive forced desynchrony, circadian misalignment increased blood glucose despite increased insulin, suggestive of decreased insulin sensitivity and increased blood pressure, with a maximal disturbance during maximal misalignment (ie, 180°phase shift). 8 A decrease in sleep duration and poor-quality sleep, although not circadian disorders per se, are often seen in nightshift workers, travelers, and patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep curtailment results in reduced glucose tolerance and

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“…Several studies suggest that melatonin is a neuro-protective molecule in neurodegenerative disorders where brain oxidative damage has been implicated as a common link (Esposito & Cuzzocrea, 2010). Reduced MLT production has been associated with coronary-vascular-diseases (CVDs), diabetes (Peschke, 2008;Ruger & Scheer, 2009), different forms of cancer (Takeda & Maemura, 2010), neurological diseases with inflammatory components including dementia, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, stroke, and brain ischemia/reperfusion (Esposito & Cuzzocrea, 2010). MLT production can be affected by behavioural and environmental factors.…”

Section: 'Overexposure' To Indoor Living and 'Light Pollution'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trening ute eller inne? Rapport fra et prosjekt med datainnsamling under Forskningsdagene 2012

Calogiuri¹,

Weydahl²,

Mikkilä³

et al. 2015

SapReps

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Reciprocal benefits of physical activity and exposure to nature for greater gain in health promotion. <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;" lang="EN-US">Theoretical assumptions and description of a pilot study.<span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;" lang="EN-US">Recent studies have highlighted that health problems connected to inactivity are not just associated to lack of exercise, but rather to sedentary behaviour in a broader sense. In a large longitudinal study in the U.S.A., it was found that the amount of time spent in sedentary behaviour, such as watching television, was associated with cause-specific mortality in normal adults, even in subjects who did engage in some exercise program including intensive physical activity PA (Matthews et al., 2012).Therefore, in health promotion, it is important to promote active lifestyles characterized by higher activity levels across the day, increasing the time and frequency one is engage in any body movement, rather than only promoting participation in exercise sessions taking place two or three times a week.

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Effects of circadian disruption on the cardiometabolic system

Cited by 194 publications

References 150 publications

Impact of the human circadian system, exercise, and their interaction on cardiovascular function

Impact of the human circadian system, exercise, and their interaction on cardiovascular function

Nuclear Receptors Linking Circadian Rhythms and Cardiometabolic Control

Trening ute eller inne? Rapport fra et prosjekt med datainnsamling under Forskningsdagene 2012

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