Effects of cigarette smoking on the respiratory epithelium and its role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis

Abstract

Although there is evidence supporting a link between smoking and CRS, studies suggest that there might be individual susceptibility to cigarette smoking causing the development and/or maintenance of CRS. Proper patient education to quit smoking as well as reinforcement of antismoking campaigns are extremely important to control this disease of major socio-economic impact.

Sinonasal quality of life outcomes after minimally invasive resection of sinonasal and skull‐base tumors

“…One may hypothesize that tobacco smoke impairs sinonasal mucosal healing through decreased mucociliary clearance, and ongoing inflammation after MIER . Multiple studies have demonstrated that smoking negatively impacts surgical outcomes, symptom scores, patient‐reported outcomes, and QOL improvements in smokers vs nonsmokers in patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic sinusitis . The present data from endoscopic skull‐base surgery appears to follow the same dictum.…”

The role of secondhand smoke in sinusitis: a systematic review

“…A limited number of prior nonsystematic reviews have focused on smoking and CRS . Only 1 review has investigated the association between SHS and CRS.…”

“…Cotinine, a nicotine metabolite, has been associated with inducing ciliary dysfunction, affecting mucociliary transport in the middle ear . Smoking also increases mucous production through an augmented proliferation of goblet cells in the respiratory mucosa . Therefore, the combination of ciliary dysfunction and increased mucous production creates a plausible pathophysiologic explanation for a causal relationship between SHS and sinusitis.…”

Inflammation-mediated upregulation of centrosomal protein 110, a negative modulator of ciliogenesis, in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

“…24 Images were then loaded into ImageJ software, and the ciliated areas were delimited, measured, and compared with the total area. The average values and SDs of percentage ciliation of the representative SEM images were calculated.…”