Effects of chronic sublethal exposure to waterborne Cu, Cd or Zn in rainbow trout. 1: Iono-regulatory disturbance and metabolic costs

McGeer, James C.; Szebedinszky, Cheryl; McDonald, D. G.; Wood, Chris M.

doi:10.1016/s0166-445x(99)00105-8

Cited by 303 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, 7 d after initiation of the exposure, whole-body Na + returned to pre-exposure concentrations. Similarly, McGeer et al (2000) found that following an initial decline in whole-body Na + , rainbow trout sublethally exposed to Cu, Cd or Zn showed complete restoration of whole-body Na + concentrations.…”

Section: Whole-body Na +mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Acclimation to Cu arises via recovery of ionoregulatory function at the gills where physiological alterations occur to restore Na + influx (Laurén and McDonald, 1987;McGeer et al, 2000). Several studies have shown that acclimated fish maintain whole-body Na + concentrations relative to unexposed fish.…”

Section: Whole-body Na +mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whole-body Na + serves as one such indicator, as acclimation to Cu is typically accompanied by recovery of Na + ionoregulation and subsequently whole-body Na + levels (Laurén and McDonald, 1987;McGeer et al, 2000). Several studies have utilized wholebody Na + concentrations to determine the mechanisms underlying Cu tolerance and toxicity (Laurén and McDonald, 1987;Grippo and Dunson,1991;Croke and McDonald, 2002;Kolok et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acclimation to Cu in fathead minnows: Does age influence the response?

Sellin¹,

Tate-Boldt²,

Kolok³

2005

Aquatic Toxicology

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This study had two primary objectives. The first was to determine if the length of exposure necessary for acclimation to Cu to develop in larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) is different than that for juveniles. The second objective was to determine whether the acclimatory response, as determined by organism survival, is consistent with acclimation as determined by whole-body Na + . Six experiments were conducted: four using larval (<20-d-old) and two using juvenile (<60-dold) fathead minnows. Within each experiment, fish were allocated to one of four groups: unexposed, continuously exposed, episodically exposed or naïvely exposed. The continuous group was exposed to a sublethal Cu exposure (125 µg/L) for 8, 12, 16 or 20 d and then subjected to a survival test at a lethal dose (375 µg/L). Fish in the episodic group were exposed to the sublethal dose for either 4 or 8 d, given a depuration period of varying lengths (4-16 d) then subjected to a survival test. Naïve minnows were maintained in clean water then given the survival challenge. Results from survival tests show that the larvae acclimate after only a 4-d sublethal exposure to Cu. In contrast, juveniles require a 16-d exposure to acclimate. Once acclimation had developed, there was a strong relationship between larval survival and whole-body Na + . Acclimated larvae maintained whole-body Na + relative to unexposed fish, while unacclimated larvae did not. Interestingly, this was not the case for juveniles, as acclimated and unacclimated groups did not differ with respect to whole-body Na + concentrations. The results of this study show that age influences the time course and possibly the mechanisms of acclimation in fathead minnows exposed to Cu.

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Section: Whole-body Na +mentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Whole-body Na +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Acclimation to Cu in fathead minnows: Does age influence the response?

Sellin¹,

Tate-Boldt²,

Kolok³

2005

Aquatic Toxicology

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“…The branchial damage can include: a reduction in Na + influx McDonald, 1985, 1987a) a stimulation of Na + efflux (Laurén and McDonald, 1985) and an inhibition of branchial Na + -K + ATPase activity (Stagg and Shuttleworth, 1982;Laurén and McDonald, 1987b;Pelgrom et al, 1995;Kolok et al, 2002). These branchial changes can lead to an increase in net Na + loss (Croke and McDonald, 2002;Taylor et al, 2004), which can culminate in a significantly reduced concentration of whole-body Na + (Laurén and McDonald, 1987a;McGeer et al, 2000;Kolok et al, 2002). The damage phase is often followed by a repair phase during which Na + influx rates are restored (Laurén and McDonald, 1987a), efflux rates are reduced (Laurén and McDonald, 1987a), and Na + -K + ATPase specific activity are adjusted levels that are consistent with (Laurén and McDonald, 1987b) or in excess of pre-exposure levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The damage phase is often followed by a repair phase during which Na + influx rates are restored (Laurén and McDonald, 1987a), efflux rates are reduced (Laurén and McDonald, 1987a), and Na + -K + ATPase specific activity are adjusted levels that are consistent with (Laurén and McDonald, 1987b) or in excess of pre-exposure levels. As a consequence of these acclimatory changes, there can be a recovery of whole-body Na + to pre-exposure levels (Laurén and McDonald, 1987a;McGeer et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper acclimation in juvenile fathead minnows: Is a cycle of branchial damage and repair necessary?

Tate-Boldt

Kolok

2008

Aquatic Toxicology

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Fathead minnows exposed to sublethal Cu concentrations may undergo branchial damage followed by repair, and may also develop enhanced Cu tolerance. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether the cycle of damage and repair was necessary for the development of enhanced Cu tolerance. Inferences regarding damage and repair were made from changes in the whole body Na + of juvenile (0.5 g) fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Two experiments were conducted in which juvenile minnows were exposed to various sublethal Cu concentrations for 16 d. In the first experiment, fish were exposed to one of four different Cu concentrations (0, 73, 118, 189 μg/L Cu) then challenged with an 8-d exposure at 302 μg Cu/L. Only the fish exposed to the highest Cu dose experienced enhanced Cu tolerance relative to the other three doses. In the second experiment, whole body Na + was monitored in fish exposed to one of five different Cu exposures (0, 70, 127, 202, 289 μg/L Cu). Fish exposed to 70 μg/L Cu did not experience a significant decline in whole body Na + at any point during the 16-d exposure period. The reduction in whole body Na + was short lived and moderate (17%) in the fish exposed to 127 μg/L Cu, but more severe (>30%) and longer lasting in the fish exposed to 202 μg/L Cu. At 289 μg/L Cu, the fish experienced irreversible reductions in whole body Na + and ultimately died. When taken together, results from these two experiments suggest that enhanced tolerance will only develop in fathead minnows that have experienced a pronounced, relatively long-term cycle of branchial damage and repair.

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Heavy Metal Contamination as a Global Problem and the Need for Prevention/Reduction Measurements

Mansour

2014

Practical Food Safety

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Effects of chronic sublethal exposure to waterborne Cu, Cd or Zn in rainbow trout. 1: Iono-regulatory disturbance and metabolic costs

Cited by 303 publications

References 39 publications

Acclimation to Cu in fathead minnows: Does age influence the response?

Acclimation to Cu in fathead minnows: Does age influence the response?

Copper acclimation in juvenile fathead minnows: Is a cycle of branchial damage and repair necessary?

Heavy Metal Contamination as a Global Problem and the Need for Prevention/Reduction Measurements

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