Effects of chronic alcohol consumption or Diazepam administration on item recognition and temporal ordering in a spatial working memory task in mice

Borde, Nathalie; Jaffard, Robert; Béracochéa, Daniel

doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.1998.00261.x

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…The synchronization between the peak of corticosterone and stress effect on retrieval suggests that the glucocorticoid release elicited by electric footshocks could be, at least in part, responsible for the modulation of recall. Even though extensive evidence has shown that ACTH and other stress-related compounds also affect memory retrieval (Izquierdo and Pereira 1989;Borde et al 1997Borde et al , 1998Borde and Beracochea 1999;Vianna et al 2000), several arguments suggest a causal role of glucocorticoids in the stressinduced modulation of memory retrieval. First, glucocorticoids can exert their effects either by long genomic mechanisms involving glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors (Douma et al 1998) or by more rapid (between a few seconds to several minutes) nongenomic mechanisms (Borski et al 1991;Rose et al 1993;Breuner et al 1998;De Quervain et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextual and Serial Discriminations: A New Learning Paradigm to Assess Simultaneously the Effects of Acute Stress on Retrieval of Flexible or Stable Information in Mice

Célérier¹,

Piérard²,

Rachbauer³

et al. 2004

Learn. Mem.

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The present study was aimed at simultaneously determining on the same subject, the effects of stress on retrieval of flexible (contextual or temporal) or stable (spatial) information. Three behavioral paradigms carried out in a four-hole board were designed as follows: (1) Simple Discrimination (SD), in which mice learned a single discrimination; (2) Contextual and Serial Discriminations (CSD), in which mice learned two successive discriminations on two different internal contexts; (3) Spatial Serial Discriminations (SSD), in which mice learned two successive discriminations on an identical internal context. The stressor (three inescapable electric footshocks) was delivered 5 min before retention, occurring 5 min or 24 h after acquisition. Results showed that this stressor increased plasmatic corticosterone levels and fear reactivity in an elevated-plus-maze, as compared with nonstressed mice. The stressor reversed the normal pattern of retrieval observed in nonstressed controls in the CSD task, this effect being context dependent, as it was not observed in the SSD task. Overall, our study shows that stress affected the retrieval of flexible and old information, but spared the retrieval of stable or recent ones. Therefore, these behavioral paradigms allow us to study simultaneously, on the same animal, the effects of stress on distinct forms of memory retrieval.Extensive evidence indicates that stress or pharmacologically induced modifications of the emotional state can influence cognitive function (Kirschbaum et al. 1996;Lupien and McEwen 1997;Belanoff et al. 2001;Wolf et al. 2001). It has been demonstrated that the stress-induced release of glucocorticoids is one of the main factors responsible for these effects. However, glucocorticoids have differential effects depending on the memory phase or the memory system concerned in animal and human subjects (Roozendaal 2002). Glucocorticoids enhance the consolidation of new memories for emotionally arousing experiences (Kovacs et al. 1977;Buchanan and Lovallo 2001), whereas glucocorticoids impair retrieval of long-term spatial memory in rats (De Quervain et al. 1998) and free recall of verbal material in humans (De Quervain et al. 2000;Wolf et al. 2001). Interestingly, even though the modification of the affective state can act on different memory and neurobiological systems (Packard and Cahill 2001), it has been shown that working and declarative memory retrieval are particularly sensitive to glucocorticoids' administration (Lupien et al. 1999;De Quervain et al. 2003).Animal studies have focused mainly on the effects of stress on acquisition, consolidation, and long-term storage of newly acquired information (Lupien and McEwen 1997). Only a few studies have been carried out in animals to determine the effects of stress on retrieval processes (De Quervain et al. 1998;Bats et al. 2001). More specifically, De Quervain et al. (1998) have shown that stress and glucocorticoids impaired retention performance in a water-maze spatial task, as a function of the time interval...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextual and Serial Discriminations: A New Learning Paradigm to Assess Simultaneously the Effects of Acute Stress on Retrieval of Flexible or Stable Information in Mice

Célérier¹,

Piérard²,

Rachbauer³

et al. 2004

Learn. Mem.

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“…This task assessed the animal's ability to recognize a new place sample (arm) from another previously made familiar by a single presentation. The delay between the forced run and the choice run was occupied by interposing one visit that constituted a source of retroactive interference, and normal mice mastered this task within 1 week of training (36)(37)(38). Each trial consisted in a study phase (forced run) followed by a test phase (choice run).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consolidation of learning strategies during spatial working memory task requires protein synthesis in the prefrontal cortex

Touzani

Puthanveettil²,

Kandel³

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Working memory is a temporary memory store where information is held briefly until the appropriate behavior is produced. However, the improvement in the performance of working memory tasks with practice over days points to the existence of a long-lasting component associated with learning strategies that lead to optimal performance. Here we show that the improvement in the performance of mice in a radial maze working memory task required the integrity of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We further demonstrate that this improvement of working memory performance requires the synthesis of de novo proteins in the mPFC. We suggest that in addition to storing memory briefly the mPFC is also involved in the consolidation and storage of the long-term learning strategies used in working memory.anisomycin ͉ mice ͉ prelimbic/infralimbic ͉ radial maze M ore than half a century ago, Hebb (1) proposed a dualtrace theory of memory in which he distinguished between short-term memory, a memory of recent events, and long-term memory, a memory of events that occurred in the past. Hebb proposed that the reverberating circuit of neuronal activity underlies short-term memory and that stabilization of this activity produces long-term memory. This dual-trace theory of memory found further support in the finding that inhibition of protein synthesis with antibiotics did not prevent the animals from learning tasks but disrupted their long-term memory (for example, see ref.2). It is now widely accepted that there are at least two stages of memory: (i) short-term memory that temporarily stores information on the basis of changes in preexisting connections due to covalent modifications of preexisting proteins (3) and (ii) long-term memory that stores this information more permanently through the growth of new connections as a result of transcription and translation of certain genes, a process called consolidation (4, 5). A specialized form of short-term memory, called ''working memory,'' was introduced by the cognitive psychologists Baddeley and Hitch (6) to describe the memory that temporarily stores information provided by an environmental cue for the execution of an act in the near term. According to Baddeley and Hitch (6), working memory is the cognitive process that allows moment-to-moment perceptions across time to be integrated, rehearsed, and combined with simultaneous access to archival information about past experience, actions, or knowledge.In primates and rodents, working memory is usually tested in a variety of moment-to-moment tasks in which sensory information is held in memory until a decision is made and the appropriate behavior is produced. However, a hallmark of working memory is that there is improvement in the performance of tasks over days with practice.

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“…The rationale for using a higher dose of diazepam in the intracranial self-administration experiment was to optimize the observation of a behavioral effect while being still able to control for motor effects by analyzing the running time in the Y-maze. The dose of 1 mg/kg has been reported to be the highest dose of diazepam that can be used in BALB/cByJ mice without inducing motor slowing or sedation (Borde et al 1998). …”

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confidence: 99%

Anxiogenic-Like Effects Limit Rewarding Effects of Cocaine in BALB/cByJ Mice

David

Gold

Koob

et al. 2001

Neuropsychopharmacology

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Previous studies have reported intravenous cocaine selfadministration behavior in several strains of mice with the exception of BALB/cByJ, a strain considered a mouse model of high emotional reactivity. The present experiments further investigated acquisition of self-administration in BALB/cByJ mice using a low dose and a habituation session. Following evidence of an initial drug-seeking behavior, we observed a progressive decline of intravenous self-administration. Pretreatment with diazepam (0.5 mg/ kg, IP), reinstated cocaine-maintained responding. To test the hypothesis that injections directly into a rewardrelevant brain region might support consistent cocaineseeking behavior, BALB/cByJ mice implanted in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) or the caudate-putamen nucleus (CPu) were trained to discriminate between the arm enabling a microinjection of cocaine (30 pmol/50 nl or 150 pmol/50 nl) The reinforcing effect of cocaine has long been demonstrated in several species including humans, (Pickens and Thompson 1968;Woods and Schuster 1968;Deneau et al. 1969;Goldberg 1973;Fischman and Schuster 1982). However, in studies using monkeys as well as rats, not all individual subjects exhibit acquisition of self-administration, and data from subjects that fail to acquire selfadministration are usually excluded (Davis and Smith 1987). Consistent with these observations, many humans experiencing psychostimulant drugs do not develop compulsive drug-seeking behavior (Siegel 1984;O'Brien et al. 1986). Recently, an increasing number of studies have investigated the biological basis of the vulnerability to drug abuse in outbred rats. From this work, it is possible to define a vulnerability profile based on a number of behavioral, neurochemical, and endocrinological features (Hooks et al. 1991;Piazza and Le Moal 1996). Importantly, traits associated with a vulnerable phenotype in rats, such as novelty-induced activity, can be compared to psychological dimensions measured in humans, such as novelty-seeking behavior (see Bardo et al. 1996). It is of special interest to note here that novelty- Cocaine Self-Administration in BALB/cByJ Mice 301 seeking and drug-seeking behaviors co-vary in humans as well as laboratory animals (Bardo et al. 1996). These behaviors are also expressed differentially in inbred strains of mice making these mice a potentially important model for further examining the relationship between behavioral traits, their underlying biological basis, and drug-seeking behavior (Crabbe et al. 1994).Of particular interest in this context is the difficulty of demonstrating intravenous cocaine self-administration in BALB/cByJ mice (Deroche et al. 1997;Roberts et al. 1997;Yu et al. 1997), using doses known to maintain self-administration in C57BL/6 or several other strains (Carney et al. 1991;Grahame et al. 1995;Deroche et al. 1997;Rocha et al. 1998). This observation cannot be accounted for by pharmacokinetic differences (Ruth et al. 1988), capacity to learn operant tasks (Cazala 1976;Deroche et al. 1997;Heyser et al. 199...

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Effects of chronic alcohol consumption or Diazepam administration on item recognition and temporal ordering in a spatial working memory task in mice

Cited by 25 publications

References 64 publications

Contextual and Serial Discriminations: A New Learning Paradigm to Assess Simultaneously the Effects of Acute Stress on Retrieval of Flexible or Stable Information in Mice

Contextual and Serial Discriminations: A New Learning Paradigm to Assess Simultaneously the Effects of Acute Stress on Retrieval of Flexible or Stable Information in Mice

Consolidation of learning strategies during spatial working memory task requires protein synthesis in the prefrontal cortex

Anxiogenic-Like Effects Limit Rewarding Effects of Cocaine in BALB/cByJ Mice

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