Effects of chromium and tungsten on sulfide stress cracking in high strength low alloy 125 ksi grade casing steel

Wang, Xintian; Liu, M.; Zhou, G.Y.; Jiang, Han; Li, X.; Liu, Y.H.; Zhang, Z.H.; Cao, Guanghui

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2019.108163

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The average activation energy for hydrogen desorption from dislocations was 33.9 kJ/mol higher than the 25.2 kJ/mol from grain boundaries, which means that the dislocations trap hydrogen more easily than grain boundaries [ 24 , 25 ]. Therefore, the dislocation density exhibits a more significant impact on SSC resistance than grain boundaries, and a sample with a low dislocation density would be more immune to SSC [ 16 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In view of the oil tube service environment, it is imperative to develop and apply high grade tubing and casing to transport oil and natural gas from deep reservoirs. Our previous research optimized the composition of the non-API 125 ksi high grade (862 MPa) tubular products through particular Cr and W alloying, and the mechanical properties and SSC resistance have been greatly improved [ 16 ]. Synchronously, the related heat treatment needs to be further studied, while the influence of tempering temperature on the microstructure and properties also requires further investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Tempering Temperature on Microstructure and Sulfide Stress Cracking of 125 Ksi Grade Casing Steel

et al. 2022

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The influence of tempering temperature on the microstructure of 0.5Cr0.4W steels was investigated by scanning electron microscope, and the roles of grain boundary character, dislocation, and Taylor factor in sulfide stress cracking (SSC) resistance were interpreted using the election backscattered diffraction technique. The 0.5Cr0.4W steels tempered at 690 °C, 700 °C, and 715 °C all showed tempered martensites. The specimen tempered at 715 °C exhibited a higher critical stress intensity factor (KISSC) of 34.58 MPa·m0.5, but the yield strength of 800 MPa did not meet the criterion of 125 ksi (862 MPa) grade. When the specimen was tempered at 690 °C, the yield strength reached 960 MPa and the KISSC was only 21.36 MPa·m0.5, displaying poorer SSC resistance. The 0.5Cr0.4W steel tempered at 700 °C showed a good combination of yield strength (887 MPa) and SSC resistance (KISSC: 31.16 MPa·m0.5). When increasing the tempering temperature, the local average misorientation and Taylor factor of the 0.5Cr0.4W steels were decreased. The reduced dislocation density, and greater number of grains amenable to slippage, produced less hydrogen transport and a lower crack sensitivity. The SSC resistance was, thus, increased, owing to the minor damage to hydrogen aggregation. Therefore, 700 °C is a suitable tempering temperature for 0.5Cr0.4W casing steel.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Tempering Temperature on Microstructure and Sulfide Stress Cracking of 125 Ksi Grade Casing Steel

et al. 2022

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“…Secondly, due to very small austenite contents, the same as-tempered matrix and the similar Taylor factor, the effects caused by these factors on SSCC resistance were considered to be small. For GBCD, low energy LABs are less sensitive to hydrogen attack and crack propagation [25], and LABs and CSLs stop H atoms from building up to a critical level in which H assisted cracks to initiate. In the contrary, high stored energy HABs, acting as H trapping sites, can absorb more H than LABs, providing an easier path for crack growth [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the grain boundaries are classified into two groups: low angle boundaries (LABs, 2 • ≤ θ < 15 • ) and high angle boundaries (HABs, θ ≥ 15 • ). Moreover, the HABs having coincidence site lattice (CSL) are also defined as "special" grain boundaries with few crystalline defects [25]. In this work, the grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) was calculated in terms of LABs, HABs, and CSLs.…”

Section: Ebsd Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Primary NbC Elimination on the SSCC Resistance of a HSLA Steel for Oil Country Tubular Goods

et al. 2021

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Sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSCC) has been of particular concern in high strength low alloyed (HSLA) steels used in the oil industry, and the non-metallic inclusions are usually considered as a detrimental factor to the SSCC resistance. In the present work, continuous casting (CC) and electroslag remelting (ESR) were adopted to fabricate a 125 ksi grade steel in order to evaluate the effect of microstructure with and without primary NbC carbides (inclusions) on the SSCC resistance in the steel. It was found that ESR could remove the primary NbC carbides, and hence, slightly increase the strength without deteriorating the SSCC resistance. The elimination of primary NbC carbides caused two opposite effects on the SSCC resistance in the studied steel. On the one hand, the elimination of primary NbC carbides increased the dislocation density and the proportion of high angle boundaries (HABs), which was not good to the SSCC resistance. On the other hand, the elimination of primary NbC carbides also induced more uniform nanosized secondary NbC carbides formed during tempering, providing many irreversible hydrogen traps. These two opposite effects on SSCC resistance due to the elimination of primary NbC carbides were assumed to be offset, and thus, the SSCC resistance was not greatly improved using ESR.

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“…Generally, the high-temperature-tempered martensite contains acicular ferrite and spheroidized carbides, the addition of Ti and B has the ability to suppress the coarsening of Cr and Mo carbides. Furthermore, the TB1 steel with finer carbides size possesses more semi-coherent interfaces, and thereby irreversibly trapping more hydrogen atoms [ 33 ]. As a result, the smaller carbide precipitations in TB1 steel can improve the resistance to hydrogen-sulfide stress corrosion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Titanium and Boron Microalloying on Sulfide Stress Cracking in C110 Casing Steel

Zhang

Liu

2020

Materials

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The effect of Ti and B microalloying on the hardenability, prior austenite grain size (PAGS), mechanical properties, and sulfide stress cracking (SSC) of C110 grade steel was studied by Jominy testing, static tensile testing, an optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and double cantilever beam (DCB) testing. The results show that the addition of 0.015% Ti and 0.002% B into a medium-carbon Fe-Cr-Mo-Nb-V steel increased the hardenability and refined the PAGS and quenched martensite packets, and the size of carbides was reduced. It is believed that these behaviors are responsible for the improvement in the threshold stress intensity factor KISSC.

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Effects of chromium and tungsten on sulfide stress cracking in high strength low alloy 125 ksi grade casing steel

Cited by 23 publications

References 62 publications

Effect of Tempering Temperature on Microstructure and Sulfide Stress Cracking of 125 Ksi Grade Casing Steel

Effect of Tempering Temperature on Microstructure and Sulfide Stress Cracking of 125 Ksi Grade Casing Steel

Effects of the Primary NbC Elimination on the SSCC Resistance of a HSLA Steel for Oil Country Tubular Goods

Effect of Titanium and Boron Microalloying on Sulfide Stress Cracking in C110 Casing Steel

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