Effects of chromate and cadmium on most probable number estimates of nitrifying bacteria in activated sludge

Fargo, L.; Fleming, R. W.

doi:10.1007/bf01683431

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Although due to their different sizes the two systems cannot be regarded identical, it is interesting, that the values for NOs and NO3 were generally lower in the contaminated system than in the control. These findings agree very well with observations of other authors who found no significant growth inhibition of estuarine bacteria up to cadmium concentrations of 0.1 ppm, when only the most sensitive strains showed response (Thorman, 1975);and Fargo & Fleming (1977) did not find any negative effects of cadmium on Nitrosornonas and Nitrobacter bacteria below 100 ppm. In fact cadmium up to a concentration of 10 #g/l stimul-ated estuarine bacteria activity in sewage sludge as observed by Sylvester & Ware (1977).…”

Section: Filter Systemsupporting

confidence: 93%

Fate and effects of cadmium in an experimental marine ecosystem

Westernhagen

Dethlefsen²,

Rosenthal

et al. 1978

Helgolander Wiss. Meeresunters

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Two recirculated marine seawater systems (capacities: 150 and 300 1) were used for the study on cadmium accumulation of biological filter sludge, by the mussel Mytilus edulis and the plaice Pleuronectes platessa for a period of up to 300 days. In the contaminated system Cd concentrations varied from 2.5 to 7.0 #g/1 with a mean of 4.6 + 1.15 #g/1 (control: 1.04 + 0.46 #g/l). Accumulation of Cd by the filter sludge from the control system as well as from the contaminated system was significant. Mean concentrations of control and contaminated sludge over the experimental period were 2.01+0.86 ng Cd/mg dry wt and 9.98+3.55 ng Cd/mg dry wt respectively. Accumulation of Cd by M. edulis both in the control and in the contaminated system was considerable. After 163 days of exposure the whole body burden of mussels rose from 0.3 ng Cd/mg dry wt to around 10 ng Cd/mg dry wt in the controls and to 70 ng Cd/mg dry wt in the contaminated systems. Accumulation of Cd by P. platessa was analysed in backbone, fins, gills, liver, muscle (fillet), otolith and skin (dorsal and ventral) over a period of 280 days. Elevated Cd contents of livers from control specimens were noticed after 200 days and reached 1.75 ng Cd/mg dry wt in liver. There was considerable accumulation in the liver (maximum values: 3.0 ng Cd/mg dry wt) and gills (6.0 ng Cd,'mg dry wt) of specimens from the contaminated system, Cd contents of plaice exposed for identical periods of time were very variable. Growth of plaice living in the contaminated system was at times significantly slower than that of the control group. Of the three biological objects tested -filter sludge, M. edulis, P. platessa -the mussel seemed to be the most sensitive indicator of elevated Cd-concentrations, while the reaction of the plaice was slow and less distinct.

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Section: Filter Systemsupporting

confidence: 93%

Fate and effects of cadmium in an experimental marine ecosystem

Westernhagen

Dethlefsen²,

Rosenthal

et al. 1978

Helgolander Wiss. Meeresunters

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“…In contrast, Rao and Kumar (1983) observed a decline in root length in Cicer aretinum due to tannery effluents. Chromium, a principal constituent of tannery effluents is known to inhibit soil microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria (Fargo and Fleming, 1977) and ectomycorrhizal fungi (Aggangan et al,1998). The reduced nodulation in V. radiata in TECS may be due to decrease in Rhizobium population in the soil due to Cr and high salinity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tannery industrial effluents are known to reduce the germination and growth of Cicer arietinum (Rao and Kumar, 1983) and chlorophyll synthesis in sugar beet (Hewit, 1954). Furthermore, chromium present in these effluents causes inhibition of nitrifying bacteria (Fargo and Fleming, 1977). In Pakistan at some places like Kasur near Lahore, tannery industrial effluents are used for irrigation purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Tannery Industrial Effluents on Crop Growth and VAM Colonization in Vigna radiata (L) Wilczek and Zea mays L.

Javaid¹,

Ashraf²,

Bajwa³

2000

Pakistan J. of Biological Sciences

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Shoot growth and pod yield was decreased while root growth was stimulated when Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek was grown in Tannery Effluent Contaminated Soil (TECS). Nodulation in V. radiata was also adversely affected in TECS. In maize (Zea mays L.) root length was increased significantly while shoot length and root/shoot biomass were non significantly affected in TECS. VA mycorrhizal colonization was suppressed in TECS in both the test species. Arbuscular infection was severely arrested in TECS.

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“…One mL soil suspensions of 10 -3 -10 -7 dilutions were used to inoculate tubes containing selective liquid media. Ammonifier were cultured in peptone ammonification medium [9], nitrosomonas medium reported by Kihn et al [10], autotrophic nitrifying bacteria medium described by Lin et al [11], and denitrifying bacteria medium followed by Johns et al [12]. Each microorganism was cultured with four dilutions and every concentration has four parallel tubes.…”

Section: The Most Probable Number (Mpn) Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference of Soil Microbial Populations under Long-Term Different Fertilizer Application and Impact of Herbicide Acetochlor on Them

Ding¹

2018

ARTOAJ

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Soil microorganism plays an important role in quality and health of soil, long term different fertilizer application patterns would have differential effect on microorganism populations. The experimental results indicated that manure and chemical fertilizer + manure treatments could maintain higher fertility levels and microbial populations than chemical fertilizer and control treatments, increment of soil organic matter is benefit to growth of microorganisms. Application of herbicide acetochlor had no significant positive or negative effects on the populations of soil microorganisms and species, and also did not display inconsistent results among the soils with different fertilizer application patterns.

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Effects of chromate and cadmium on most probable number estimates of nitrifying bacteria in activated sludge

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Fate and effects of cadmium in an experimental marine ecosystem

Fate and effects of cadmium in an experimental marine ecosystem

Effect of Tannery Industrial Effluents on Crop Growth and VAM Colonization in Vigna radiata (L) Wilczek and Zea mays L.

Difference of Soil Microbial Populations under Long-Term Different Fertilizer Application and Impact of Herbicide Acetochlor on Them

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