Effects of chloride and nutrients on freshwater plankton communities

Greco, Danielle A.; Arnott, Shelley E.; Fournier, Isabelle B.; Schamp, Brandon S.

doi:10.1002/lol2.10202

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The average body mass (biomass/density) of crustaceans decreased with increasing TN, TP, Chl a, and conductivity. Such changes have been widely reported in mesocosm experiments (Thompson and Shurin, 2012;Lind et al, 2018;Moffett et al, 2020;Coldsnow and Relyea, 2021;Greco et al, 2022;Hébert et al, 2022;McClymont et al, 2022) and field investigations (Brucet et al, 2009;He et al, 2020;Zadereev et al, 2022) at moderate to low conductivities. However, at higher conductivities, the food web transforms from threetrophic to two-trophic without fish, and large cladocerans such as Daphnia may become dominant until they reach a critical level at high conductivities (Lin et al, 2017).…”

Section: Zooplankton Decline In Body Mass Along With Eutrophication A...supporting

confidence: 53%

Interactive effects of nutrients and salinity on zooplankton in subtropical plateau lakes with contrasting water depth

Yang

Yue

Jiang

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Both eutrophication and salinization are growing global environmental problems in freshwater ecosystems, threatening the water quality and various aquatic organisms. However, little is known about their interactive effects on theses stressors and the role of lake depth on these interactions. We used field surveys to compared zooplankton assemblages over four seasons in eight Yunnan Plateau lakes with different trophic states, salinization levels, and water depths. The results showed that: 1) the species number (S), density (DZoop), and biomass (BZoop) of zooplankton exhibited strong seasonal dynamics, being overall higher in the warm seasons. 2) Data collected over four seasons and summer data both revealed highly significant positive relationships of S, DZoop, and BZoop with total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and phytoplankton chlorophyll a (Chl a). 3) S, DZoop, and BZoop displayed a unimodal relationship with salinity, peaking at 400–1000 μS/cm (conductivity, to reflect salinity). 4) The two large-sized taxa (cladocerans and copepods) generally increased at low-moderate levels of TN, TP, Chl a, and Cond and was constant or decreased at high levels. The average body mass (biomass/density) of crustaceans decreased with increasing TN, TP, Chl a, and conductivity. Our findings indicate that zooplankton may be more vulnerable in deep lakes than in shallow lakes when exposed to conductivity stress even under mesotrophic conditions, and the overall decrease in size in zooplankton assemblages under the combined stress of eutrophication and salinization may result in a lowered grazing effect on phytoplankton.

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Section: Zooplankton Decline In Body Mass Along With Eutrophication A...supporting

confidence: 53%

Interactive effects of nutrients and salinity on zooplankton in subtropical plateau lakes with contrasting water depth

Yang

Yue

Jiang

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Other studies have showed sensitivity at 645 mg Cl − /L (van Meter et al, 2011). Likewise, Greco et al (2021) found cyclopoid copepod abundance declined by 71% at 120 mg Cl − /L. However, Thompson and Shurin (2012) found cyclopoid copepod abundance increased in their 0.3 ppt (about 300 mg Cl − /L) salt treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In our experiment, nauplii and cladocerans were major contributors to the decline caused by elevated salinity. Cladocera have been found to be sensitive to elevated salt concentration (e.g., 5–40 mg Cl − /L in Arnott et al, 2020; Greco et al, 2021). Our result is also consistent with findings from Hintz et al (2017) who reported that nauplii were the most vulnerable zooplankton in their high salinity treatments (≥500 mg Cl − /L).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive effects of increased salinity and heatwaves on freshwater zooplankton communities in simultaneous and sequential treatments

Sun

Arnott

2022

Freshwater Biology

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Elevated lake chloride concentration has been observed in many regions, due to human activities such as mining, agriculture, and urbanisation. Meanwhile, lakes are also experiencing increasing frequency and intensity of heatwaves. The combination of elevated salinity and heatwaves has not been thoroughly studied in freshwater communities, limiting our ability to predict outcomes of future disturbances. We conducted a mesocosm experiment to investigate the individual and interactive effects of increased salinity and heatwaves on a freshwater zooplankton community. The combined effects of the two stressors were examined in two scenarios: when they occurred simultaneously and when a heatwave was preceded by an 8‐week increase in salinity. We expected to see a synergistic effect when the two stressors were applied simultaneously, as organisms might experience energy deficiency due to physiological changes caused by salinity stress and be overwhelmed by the heat treatment. When the two stressors were applied sequentially, we expected them to act independently as the two stressors trigger different physiological responses and physiological homeostasis may have already recovered from previous salt exposure and not influence an organism's response to a subsequent stressor. Individually, increased salinity and heatwave conditions both impaired zooplankton communities with largest effects on copepod nauplii and cladocerans. Together, these stressors caused antagonistic effects on total zooplankton abundance and biomass in both the simultaneous and sequential scenarios, with the combined effects being similar to the salt‐only effects. Our experiment illustrates the potential for heatwaves to have hidden effects when they occur in lakes experiencing salinisation. The findings suggested that the two stressors negatively impacted some zooplankton taxonomic groups, and at the community level, they acted antagonistically such that the occurrence of a 3‐day heatwave did not cause any additional loss of abundance or biomass regardless of whether the community was exposed to the sequential or simultaneous scenario. Our findings also illustrated that even when the two stressors were decoupled in time, the community could still be influenced by a previous stressor.

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“…Freshwater salinization manifests as a distinct water chemistry signature, stemming from road salt applications, faster weathering, and altered soil cation properties in human dominated landscapes (Kaushal et al, 2018). Chloride concentrations (even those below toxicity guidelines for freshwater) effect food web and biotic structur-al components of freshwater ecosystems (Greco et al, 2021;Szklarek et al, 2022). The impacts of chloride on ecosystem processes and function, however, are more nuanced with variable responses being observed across ecosystems with similar levels of chloride exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Add a dash of salt? Effects of road de-icing salt (NaCl) on benthic respiration and nutrient fluxes in freshwater sediments

Williams¹,

Frost²,

Ginn³

et al. 2023

Limnetica

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Winter road salt applications are increasing chloride concentrations in many freshwater ecosystems. This trend is alarming, giv¬en chloride’s potential to impair aquatic ecosystems. Short- and long-term exposure to salt could affect ecosystem metabolism and nutrient cycles. Here, we examine connections between chloride concentrations, water quality conditions, benthic respi¬ration, and sediment-water nutrient flux throughout a large (722 km2) lake and its catchment. Aquatic locations experiencing high concentrations of chloride are indicators of anthropogenic activities and are often associated with additional pollutants. We used sediment core flow-through incubations under ambient and enriched chloride concentrations to determine the effects of road salt on benthic respiration and nutrient fluxes in stream, stormwater pond, and lake sites. Salt (as sodium chloride) ad¬ditions caused a significant overall increase in benthic respiration. Acute exposure to road salt caused the strongest increase in benthic respiration when water was warm and at sites that had low (< 50 mg Cl-/L) or high (> 400 mg Cl-/L) ambient chloride concentrations or when water was cold and sites had intermediate (100-400 mg Cl-/L) ambient chloride concentrations. Nitrate flux responded less uniformly to salt additions. Depending on waterbody type and season, ambient nitrate flux into the sediment was similar, increased, or decreased post-chloride addition. Dissolved phosphorus flux was not significantly impacted by salt additions. Across lake and stream sites, our results supported the hypothesis that chloride causes increased respiration while nutrient cycles were weakly and inconsistently altered under experimental pulse road salt additions.

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Effects of chloride and nutrients on freshwater plankton communities

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Interactive effects of nutrients and salinity on zooplankton in subtropical plateau lakes with contrasting water depth

Interactive effects of nutrients and salinity on zooplankton in subtropical plateau lakes with contrasting water depth

Interactive effects of increased salinity and heatwaves on freshwater zooplankton communities in simultaneous and sequential treatments

Add a dash of salt? Effects of road de-icing salt (NaCl) on benthic respiration and nutrient fluxes in freshwater sediments

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