Effects of Child Care Intervention on Physical Activity and Body Composition

Goldfield, Gary S.; Harvey, Alysha; Grattan, Kimberly P.; Temple, Viviene A.; Naylor, Patti-Jean; Alberga, Angela S.; Ferraro, Zachary M.; Wilson, Shanna; Cameron, Jameason D.; Barrowman, Nicholas J.; Adamo, Kristi B.

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2016.03.024

Cited by 42 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In a large Belgian population, De Creamer and colleagues found the ToyBox intervention, which transpired in Kindergarten classrooms, but included parents and families in the intervention, had a significant effect on preschoolers’ activity, but noted this effect was strongest for boys and for preschoolers from higher socioeconomic classes [ 59 ]. Finally, Goldfield et al [ 34 ] adopted a train-the-trainer approach and coupled it with a resource manual which provided childcare staff with guidance on facilitating structured and unstructured physical activities. Preschoolers in the intervention group displayed greater increases in minutes of TPA and LPA, but not MVPA at 6-months [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, Goldfield et al [ 34 ] adopted a train-the-trainer approach and coupled it with a resource manual which provided childcare staff with guidance on facilitating structured and unstructured physical activities. Preschoolers in the intervention group displayed greater increases in minutes of TPA and LPA, but not MVPA at 6-months [ 34 ]. Despite the inconsistent findings reported in these 4 studies, childcare centres still maintain promise as an appropriate venue for intervening given the substantial portion of their day that young children spend in these venues [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SPACE intervention involved two common intervention components - environmental modifications; specifically, the addition of portable play equipment [ 61 ] as well as the provision of staff training [ 34 ]. The modification to the required outdoor playtime schedules at centre-based childcare facilities has been a less common approach to childcare interventions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of the Supporting Physical Activity in the Childcare Environment (SPACE) intervention on preschoolers’ physical activity levels and sedentary time: a single-blind cluster randomized controlled trial

Tucker

Vanderloo

Johnson

et al. 2017

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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BackgroundPhysical activity levels among preschoolers in childcare are low and sedentary time high. The Supporting Physical Activity in the Childcare Environment (SPACE) intervention had three components: 1. portable play equipment; 2. staff training; and, 3. modified outdoor playtime (i.e., shorter, more frequent periods). This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the SPACE intervention on preschoolers’ physical activity levels and sedentary time during childcare hours (compared to standard care).MethodsVia a single-blind cluster randomized controlled trial, 338 preschoolers (39.86 ± 7.33 months; 52% boys) from 22 centre-based childcare facilities (11 experimental, 11 control) were enrolled. Preschoolers wore an Actical™ accelerometer for 5 days during childcare hours at baseline, post-intervention, and 6- and 12-month follow-up, and were included in the analyses if they had a minimum of two valid days (5 h each day) at baseline and one additional time point. Intervention effectiveness was tested using a linear mixed effects model for each of the four outcome variables (i.e., sedentary time, light physical activity [LPA], moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA], and total physical activity [TPA]). Fixed effects were further evaluated with t-tests, for which degrees of freedom were estimated using a Satterthwaite approximation.ResultsOne hundred and ninety-five preschoolers were retained for analyses. The intervention did not significantly impact LPA. MVPA was significantly greater among children in the experimental group when comparing post-intervention to pre-intervention, t(318) = 3.50, p = .0005, but no intervention effects were evident at 6- or 12-month follow-up. TPA was significantly greater for children in the intervention group at post-intervention when compared to pre-intervention, t(321) = 2.70, p = .007, with no intervention effects evident at later time periods. Finally, sedentary time was significantly lower among preschoolers in the experimental group when comparing post-intervention to pre-intervention, t(322) = 2.63, p = .009, with no significant effects at follow-up.ConclusionsThe SPACE intervention was effective at increasing MVPA and TPA among preschoolers, while simultaneously decreasing sedentary time. The ability of the SPACE intervention to target higher intensity activity is promising, as MVPA levels have been documented to be low in centre-based childcare. The changes in physical activity were not sustained long term (6- or 12-month follow-up).Trial registration ISRCTN70604107 (October 8, 2014).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of the Supporting Physical Activity in the Childcare Environment (SPACE) intervention on preschoolers’ physical activity levels and sedentary time: a single-blind cluster randomized controlled trial

Tucker

Vanderloo

Johnson

et al. 2017

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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“…Continuous zero counts for longer than 60 minutes were considered non-weartime. Days were considered valid if children had at least four hours of accelerometer weartime during childcare hours (from 8:30 am to 4:30 pm) [29] and one hour of weartime during hours outside of childcare (weekdays) or at least 5 hours of weartime during a weekend day. Children were included in the analysis if they had at least 5 hours of accelerometer data per day for at least 3 of the 7-day measurement period [3].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal gestational weight gain and objectively measured physical activity among offspring

et al. 2017

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ObjectiveAnimal studies have suggested that maternal weight-related factors during pregnancy can program offspring physical activity in a sex-dependent manner. However, there is limited evidence in humans. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) and offspring total physical activity (TPA) level and to determine whether these associations are moderated by sex of offspring or maternal pre-pregnancy weight status.MethodWe studied 56 boys (mean age = 3.7 years, standard deviation (SD) 0.5) and 57 girls (mean age = 3.5±0.5 years) enrolled in licensed childcare centers. TPA was objectively measured using Actical® accelerometers. Information on pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), GWG, and other maternal factors were collected with a maternal health questionnaire. Associations between GWG, as a continuous variable or categorically (inadequate, adequate, and excessive), and offspring TPA were analysed using linear mixed models to take into account the intraclass correlation between the clusters (childcare centers). Models were adjusted for gestational age, accelerometer weartime, socioeconomic status, and pre-pregnancy BMI status.ResultsWe found a significant sex interaction (P-value = 0.009). In boys, greater GWG was associated with decreased offspring TPA (β = -3.2 counts⋅1000−1/d, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = -6.4–0.02, P-value = 0.049). In girls born to mothers categorized as overweight or obese, the association between the GWG and TPA followed an inverted U-shape curve (β for GWG squared = -0.1 counts⋅1000−1/d, 95% CI = (-0.2 –-0.04), P-value = 0.005). In contrast, a U-shaped curve was found in girls born to mothers classified as lean (pre-pregnancy BMI<25 kg/m2) (β for GWG squared = 0.7 counts⋅1000−1/d, 95% CI = 0.2–1.2, P-value = 0.011). In boys, TPA in offspring was higher among women with inadequate GWG compared to adequate GWG (P-value = 0.0137), whereas no significant differences were found in girls (P-value = 0.107).ConclusionMaternal GWG can be an important biological marker of offspring TPA. These findings support the sex-dependent early developmental programming influence of GWG on TPA.

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“…7 Sustained teacher-led interventions have been shown to increase levels of physical activity and reduce BMI, highlighting a practical opportunity to continue promoting these behaviors in childcare settings. 53 Particularly as some evidence indicates that children garner more physical activity during the school day than outside care centers at home. 30 Sustained activity breaks over 2 years have shown to decrease BMI in elementary school students, indicating that short breaks may be adequate to elicit long-term benefits.…”

Section: Weight Classification Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors That Influence Participation in Classroom-Based Physical Activity Breaks in Head Start Preschoolers

Webster

Robinson

Wadsworth

2020

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

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Background: Activity breaks are an established way physical activity may be incorporated into the preschool day. The purpose of this study was to examine what factors influenced moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during a teacher-implemented classroom-based activity break (CBAB) in a Head Start population. Methods: Ten-minute CBAB was conducted over 2 days in a quasi-experimental design; 99 preschoolers (mean age 3.80 [0.65] y; 49.5% male) from a convenience sample participated. Accelerometers measured MVPA, fundamental motor skill competency was assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development—second edition, and weight classification status used body mass index percentiles. Results: A significant, moderate regression was found (r = .328, P = .001) between fundamental motor skill and MVPA. There was no significant correlation between body mass index percentile and MVPA during the CBAB. In addition, the locomotor subscale was the best predictor for MVPA for children during the CBAB (r = .32, β = 0.82, P < .001). Conclusions: CBAB equally elicited MVPA for normal and overweight preschoolers. Fundamental motor skill competency was associated with MVPA during the CBAB; in particular, locomotor skills were the best predictor for physical activity. Structured activity opportunities that focus on locomotor skills may be a useful integration to prompt more MVPA in a preschool-age population.

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Effects of Child Care Intervention on Physical Activity and Body Composition

Cited by 42 publications

References 27 publications

Impact of the Supporting Physical Activity in the Childcare Environment (SPACE) intervention on preschoolers’ physical activity levels and sedentary time: a single-blind cluster randomized controlled trial

Impact of the Supporting Physical Activity in the Childcare Environment (SPACE) intervention on preschoolers’ physical activity levels and sedentary time: a single-blind cluster randomized controlled trial

Maternal gestational weight gain and objectively measured physical activity among offspring

Factors That Influence Participation in Classroom-Based Physical Activity Breaks in Head Start Preschoolers

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