Effects of cerivastatin sodium, a new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, on biliary lipid metabolism in patients with hypercholesterolemia

Clinical evaluation of ezetimibe on bile lithogenicity in humans: Use of transnasal endoscopy for bile sampling

“…The effect of ezetimibe on human biliary lipid has not yet been fully elucidated, and there have been only a few reports on this issue . This is likely because human bile is not readily obtainable because its collection requires invasive and painful procedures such as insertion of a duodenal sound under radiographic guidance or a conventional endoscopy . For the purpose of this study, there needs to be repeated bile sampling from outpatients.…”

“…Dyslipidemia contributes to the development of various diseases including cardiovascular diseases, non‐alcoholic liver disease and cholelithiasis; thus, treatment strategies of this disorder have great clinical significance . We have previously reported on the clinical efficacy of statin therapy for the treatment of dyslipidemia, focusing on its influence on biliary lipids and gallstone formation (lithogenicity) …”

Nutritional factors (nutritional aspects) in biliary disorders: Bile acid and lipid metabolism in gallstone diseases and pancreaticobiliary maljunction

“…Based upon the understandings of defects of metabolism in gallstone diseases, agents for dyslipidemias are reported in this regard. Taken together, statins are promising for an adjuvant, not to worsen bile cholesterol metastability . In contrast, fibrates, a ligand for nuclear receptors, enhance the phospholipid secretion into bile, and cholesterol in vesicles is physicochemically stabilized …”

Statin Use and the Risk of Cholecystectomy in Women

“…Lipid-lowering drugs can have a significant effect on biliary lipid composition (6-8). Inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting enzymatic step in cholesterol biosynthesis, commonly referred to as statins, have revolutionized the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and have been recently shown to exert beneficial effects beyond reducing serum cholesterol levels (9-12).…”