Effects of catecholamines on serum lipoproteins of normally fed and cholesterol-fed rabbits

O'donnell, L. J. D.; Owens, D.; McGee, Colm; Devery, Rosaleen; Hession, Paul; Collins, P.; Johnson, Alan; Tomkin, G. H.

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(88)90145-x

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Consistent with the results of the present study, the relative contributions of the two opposing pathways are therefore determined by levels of p-NE. Furthermore, the finding of p-NE being associated with p-lipids (cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides) is in line with results of previous studies on the role of catecholamines in the regulation of lipid metabolism (O'Donnell et al, 1988;Petrak et al, 2013). The observed direct relationship between p-NE, cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides as well as the inverse relationship between p-NE and HDL suggest that increased SNS activity may increase the risk of CVD (Mottillo et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

The association between norepinephrine and metabolism in patients with major depression

Futtrup

Nordentoft²,

Elfving

et al. 2018

Neurology, Psychiatry and Brain Research

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Background: Previous studies indicate that levels of plasma norepinephrine (p-NE) are altered in depressed patients. However, it is unclear whether altered NE metabolism is involved in the pathogenic association between depression and cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was, firstly, to investigate if p-NE levels differ between patients with major depression and healthy controls. Secondly, the study sought to assess the associations between p-NE and metabolic variables in all participants. The third and final aim of the study was to assess if the associations between p-NE and metabolic variables are influenced by disease status (depression vs. healthy). Methods: 108 patients with major depression and 44 healthy controls were tested for levels of p-NE and metabolic variables that affect cardiovascular risk. Results: The median level of p-NE in depressed patients (DSM-IV) was 2636 pg/ml, (IQR 2094-3143) and 2279 pg/ml (IQR 2007-2562) in non-depressed controls (p = 0.013). However, the difference between p-NE levels was non-significant when adjusted for daily smoking (p = 0.138). Significant associations (p ≤ 0.05) were observed between p-NE and p-lipids, mean arterial blood pressure, p-insulin, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index as well as inflammatory markers. Conclusions: Elevated levels of p-NE observed in patients with major depression were attributable to daily smoking, rather than to the depressive disorder. Important associations were found between p-NE and metabolic variables that affect cardiovascular risk. This is interesting from a clinical point of view, since affected individuals may benefit from simple and inexpensive treatments that influence sympathetic activity. All associations were independent of disease status.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

The association between norepinephrine and metabolism in patients with major depression

Futtrup

Nordentoft²,

Elfving

et al. 2018

Neurology, Psychiatry and Brain Research

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“…Blood pressure reactivity was associated with atherosclerosis independently of standard risk factors. A number of possible mechanisms could underlie the association of blood pressure reactivity and carotid IMT thickening 11,25,26 and are derived from the known influences of mental stress and the consequent effect of exaggerated hemodynamic responses to these stressors: (1) hyperdynamic circulatory changes may be injurious to the endothelial lining of coronary vessels, 27 (2) sympatheticoadrenal activation may contribute to vasospasm, 28 (3) adrenomedullary and adrenocortical responses may contribute to lipid mobilization, platelet aggregation, or both, 29,30 and (4) mental stress may induce immunologic responses that may have an impact on coronary artery plaque development. 31 A diathesis-stress model 11,26 suggests that these processes may be the most potent among individuals who not only show exaggerated reactivity but also experience chronic exposure to stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exaggerated Blood Pressure Responses During Mental Stress Are Prospectively Related to Enhanced Carotid Atherosclerosis in Middle-Aged Finnish Men

et al. 2004

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Background-Hemodynamic reactions to mental stress may contribute to atherosclerosis. We previously observed cross-sectional relationships between blood pressure reactions to a standardized stress battery and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease (KIHD) study. These are the first prospective results on this relationship. Methods and Results-Men from 4 age cohorts (42 to 60 years old at study onset) were challenged with a standardized mental stress battery, and heart rate and blood pressure reactions were assessed. Ultrasound measures of common carotid IMT were collected at this time and 7 years later as noninvasive markers of atherosclerosis. Data were collected from a sample of 756 men at both times. Systolic blood pressure reactions to mental stress at study onset were positively related to mean carotid IMT 7 years later (␤ϭ0.035, Pϭ0.001, by blood pressure quartile, IMTϭ0.91, 0.93, 0.96, 1.00 mm) and to the progression of IMT (␤ϭ0.020, Pϭ0.006, by blood pressure quartile, ⌬IMTϭ0.08, 0.09, 0.11, 0.11 mm). Similar significant relations were shown for maximal IMT and plaque height. Diastolic blood pressure responses were less strongly related to carotid IMT than were systolic responses. Heart-rate responses were unrelated. Adjustment for standard risk factors did not substantially reduce the relation between systolic blood pressure reactivity and the progression of mean carotid IMT (standardized ␤ϭ0.059, Pϭ0.026), maximal carotid IMT (standardized ␤ϭ0.084, Pϭ0.006), or plaque height (standardized ␤ϭ0.093, Pϭ0.008). Conclusions-The degree of systolic blood pressure reactivity to mental challenge is prospectively related to carotid IMT in middle-aged and older men, independent of known risk factors.

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“…For example, sympathetic arousal contributes to injury and dysfunction of the arterial endothelium, which may lead to formation of atherosclerotic plaques. 13,31 In addition, neuroendocrine correlates of sympathetic nervous system activation, including increases in norepinephrine, epinephrine, and cortisol, can promote lipid mobilization 32,33 and platelet activation, contributing to aggregation of platelets and formation of thrombi. 34 Both of these processes also may exacerbate vascular injury and atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-Induced Blood Pressure Reactivity and Incident Stroke in Middle-Aged Men

Everson

Lynch

Kaplan

et al. 2001

Stroke

157

114

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Background and Purpose-Exaggerated blood pressure reactivity to stress is associated with atherosclerosis and hypertension, which are known stroke risk factors, but its relation to stroke is unknown. Previous work also indicates that the association between reactivity and cardiovascular diseases may be influenced by socioeconomic status. Methods-The impact of blood pressure reactivity and socioeconomic status on incident stroke was examined in 2303 men (mean age, 52.8Ϯ5.1 years) from a population-based, longitudinal study of risk factors for ischemic heart disease in eastern Finland. Reactivity was calculated as the difference between blood pressure measured during the anticipatory phase of an exercise tolerance test (before exercise) and resting blood pressure, measured 1 week earlier. Mean systolic reactivity was 20 mm Hg (Ϯ15.9), and mean diastolic reactivity was 8.6 mm Hg (Ϯ8.5). Socioeconomic status was assessed as years of education. One hundred thirteen incident strokes (90 ischemic) occurred in 11.2 (Ϯ1.6) years of follow-up. Results-Men with exaggerated systolic reactivity (Ն20 mm Hg) had 72% greater risk of any stroke (relative hazard ratio[RH], 1.72; 95% CI, 1.17 to 2.54) and 87% greater risk of ischemic stroke (RH, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.20 to 2.89) relative to less reactive men. Moreover, men who were high reactors and poorly educated were nearly 3 times more likely to suffer a stroke than better educated, less reactive men (RH, 2.90; 95% CI, 1.66 to 5.08). Adjustment for stroke risk factors had little impact on these associations. Diastolic reactivity was unrelated to stroke risk. Conclusions-Excessive sympathetic reactivity to stress may be etiologically important in stroke, especially ischemic strokes, and low socioeconomic status confers added risk.

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Effects of catecholamines on serum lipoproteins of normally fed and cholesterol-fed rabbits

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

The association between norepinephrine and metabolism in patients with major depression

The association between norepinephrine and metabolism in patients with major depression

Exaggerated Blood Pressure Responses During Mental Stress Are Prospectively Related to Enhanced Carotid Atherosclerosis in Middle-Aged Finnish Men

Stress-Induced Blood Pressure Reactivity and Incident Stroke in Middle-Aged Men

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