“…Due to its unique structural characteristics, OLC possesses a high specific surface area and mechanical strength, both of which are conducive to its lubricating effect. − He et al prepared high-purity and high-reproducibility OLC via a one-step gas-phase explosion method, which improves the lubricating ability of 150SN mineral oil as a lubricant additive . Wang et al incorporated OLC as an additive into calcium sulfonate complex grease and found that the lubricating performance of the grease improved significantly with 0.10 wt % addition, reducing the average COF and wear volume by 31.4 and 70.0%, respectively . The OLC usually ranges in size from 2 to 220 nm, and various preparation methods are employed, including arc discharge, hydrothermal synthesis, vacuum heat treatment, and organic combustion .…”