Effects of Carbon Dioxide on Ethylene Production and Action in Intact Sunflower Plants

Dhawan, Kiran R.; Bassi, Pawan K.; Spencer, Margaret Beale

doi:10.1104/pp.68.4.831

Cited by 74 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Increased production of ethylene in response to enhanced levels of CO2 has been demonstrated for detached leaves and leaf discs of cocklebur (15), intact sunflower plants (6,12), tobacco leaf discs (1,2,18), and detached senescing oat leaves (14). The effect is obtained when CO2 is supplied either directly as a gas or indirectly as bicarbonate, and no increase in ethylene production ' is obtained when CO2 is removed with a KOH trap (15,18).…”

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confidence: 87%

Bicarbonate/CO₂-Facilitated Conversion of 1-Amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid to Ethylene in Model Systems and Intact Tissues

McRae¹,

Coker²,

Legge³

et al. 1983

Plant Physiol.

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confidence: 87%

Bicarbonate/CO₂-Facilitated Conversion of 1-Amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid to Ethylene in Model Systems and Intact Tissues

McRae¹,

Coker²,

Legge³

et al. 1983

Plant Physiol.

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“…Using these techniques, we have recently reported that an increase in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere surrounding the sunflower plants increased the rate of ethylene production (5). The change in rate of ethylene production was evident within the first few minutes of the carbon dioxide treatment.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The ethylene measurements were made by enclosing the plant in a specially designed glass cuvette (3), in a continuous flow system using hydrocarbon free air (6). The environmental parameters and the techniques used for purification of air, CO2 treatment and ethylene measurement were the same as described in our earlier papers (3,5,6). The air mixtures containing different concentrations of CO2 were also passed through the purification system before entering the cuvette.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Carbon Dioxide and Light on Ethylene Production in Intact Sunflower Plants

Bassi¹,

Spencer²

1982

Plant Physiol.

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High CO2 concentration (0.5%) increased the rate of ethylene production, measured in a continuous flow system, in intact sunflower (Helianthus auwus L.) plants. However, the rate of ethylene production subsided to near control levels after approximately 24 hours. The effect of high CO2 could only be observed in light. Although high CO2 concentration had no effect on the rate of ethylene production in darkness, prolonged exposure (approximately 16 hours) of plants to high CO2 in the dark prevented the increase in ethylene production when the plants were exposed to light and high C02.The interactions between CO2 and ethylene are of interest both for their role in the basic understanding of ethylene action in plants and for their use in preservation of produce, flowers, and fruits, etc. Little work has been done to study the effect of CO2 on the rate of ethylene production in plants. Aharoni and Lieberman (2) have reported recently that CO2 stimulates the ethylene production of tobacco leaf discs senescing in the dark. In an earlier report by Imaseki et al. (9), it was shown that the removal of CO2 from the atmosphere surrounding sweet potato tuber sections infected by black rot fungus decreased the rate of ethylene production. CO2 has been reported either to inhibit (15,20) or to have no effect (4) on ethylene production in ripening fruit but the results are difficult to interpret because of the possible effects of ethylene on its own production in these tissues (13).In most of the above cases, the experiments were done with excised plant parts sealed in closed systems. Numerous possible sources of error inherent in such techniques have already been pointed out (3,6). Further, with such systems it is not feasible to study the exact relationship between CO2 concentration and the rate of ethylene production on a temporal basis since the tissue is sealed for a considerable duration before sufficient amount of ethylene can accumulate to permit accurate analysis.Techniques have been developed in our laboratory that allow measurement of rate of ethylene production by the intact shoots of plants in a continuous flow system (3,6). Using these techniques, we have recently reported that an increase in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere surrounding the sunflower plants increased the rate of ethylene production (5). The change in rate of ethylene production was evident within the first few minutes of the carbon dioxide treatment. All the experiments reported in that paper were done in continuous light.The present study was undertaken to further explore the rela-'Financial assistance from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Re- MATERIALS AND METHODS The seedlings of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) were started in trays containing vermiculite, in a constantly lit controlled environment growth chamber. The temperature in the growth chamber was maintained at 27 ± 1°C and the RH at 75%. After 7 d, the seedlings were transplanted to individual pots containing sand:vermiculite:peat moss (1:1:1).A 2-week-old plant ...

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“…To date, there has been no report on ethylene measurements from single attached leaves incubated in an open system. In the present work, shoots or single leaves of intact plants were used for measurements of ethylene production.It is known that C02 affects the rate of ethylene evolution from tissues (6,11,16), presumably acting on the conversion of ACC4 to ethylene (16,19). However, there has been no report on the effect of CO2 on the possible differences in ethylene production among tissues at different stages of development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that C02 affects the rate of ethylene evolution from tissues (6,11,16), presumably acting on the conversion of ACC4 to ethylene (16,19). However, there has been no report on the effect of CO2 on the possible differences in ethylene production among tissues at different stages of development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene Production by Attached Leaves or Intact Shoots of Tobacco Cultivars Differing in Their Speed of Yellowing during Curing

Alejar¹,

Visser²,

Spencer³

1988

Plant Physiol.

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Using an open air flow system, differences in the yellowing rate of leaves during curing were assessed in relation to ethylene production by shoots of intact seedlings or attached mature leaves of 60 day old tobacco (Nicotiana tabaum L.) plants. The rate of ethylene evolution from the leaves of the fast yellowing cultivars was significantly higher than in the slow yellowing ones. The same differences were obtained with shoots of intact seedlings. The findings suggest that it is possible to use ethylene production by seedlings as a selection criterion in screening for genotypic differences in the rate of yellowing. The (e.g. 3, 4, 17). An open continuous flow system for detection of ethylene was developed in this laboratory (5, 12), and it has been used with both intact shoots and excised segments of leaves or seedlings (7). It was found that intact shoots of sunflower, soybean and tomato seedlings in a flow-through open system produce less ethylene than the corresponding excised leaf segments in a closed system (7). To date, there has been no report on ethylene measurements from single attached leaves incubated in an open system. In the present work, shoots or single leaves of intact plants were used for measurements of ethylene production.It is known that C02 affects the rate of ethylene evolution from tissues (6,11,16), presumably acting on the conversion of ACC4 to ethylene (16,19). However, there has been no report on the effect of CO2 on the possible differences in ethylene production among tissues at different stages of development. This paper also reports on the C02-induced ethylene production in relation to the previously mentioned tobacco varietal differences. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe attainment of a bright yellow color is important for the marketability oftobacco. Curing accelerates yellowing and many other aspects of senescence typical of detached leaves. Reduction of curing time is economically important. Ethylene and ethylene releasing chemicals have been used to attain a bright yellow color and reduce curing time of tobacco leaves (1). The time required for yellowing during flue-curing differs among Philippine tobacco cultivars, ranging from 35 to 60 h (15). This study assesses the possible relationship between rates of ethylene production in tobacco leaves and the known speeds of yellowing of the leaves during flue-curing.The role of ethylene as an initiator of senescence is well documented for flowers and fruits (1,4,18,20), but evidence for a similar role in foliar senescence is lacking (14,20,21). Although some workers propose that a rise in ethylene production triggers senescence in leaves (4,13,17,18) Plant Material and Culture. Four cultivars of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) were used in this study, Coker 86, WR-5, Coker 258, and NCBY, certified seeds of which were obtained from the Philippine Tobacco Research and Training Center, Ilocos Norte, Philippines. The first two cultivars exhibit a slow yellowing (SY) behavior during flue-curing and the latter two are fast yellowing (FY)...

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Effects of Carbon Dioxide on Ethylene Production and Action in Intact Sunflower Plants

Abstract: A continuous flow system was used to study the interactions between carbon dioxide and ethylene in intact sunflower (Helanthus aNua L.)

Cited by 74 publications

References 15 publications

Bicarbonate/CO₂-Facilitated Conversion of 1-Amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid to Ethylene in Model Systems and Intact Tissues

Bicarbonate/CO₂-Facilitated Conversion of 1-Amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid to Ethylene in Model Systems and Intact Tissues

Effect of Carbon Dioxide and Light on Ethylene Production in Intact Sunflower Plants

Ethylene Production by Attached Leaves or Intact Shoots of Tobacco Cultivars Differing in Their Speed of Yellowing during Curing

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Effects of Carbon Dioxide on Ethylene Production and Action in Intact Sunflower Plants

Abstract: A continuous flow system was used to study the interactions between carbon dioxide and ethylene in intact sunflower (Helanthus aNua L.)

Cited by 74 publications

References 15 publications

Bicarbonate/CO2-Facilitated Conversion of 1-Amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid to Ethylene in Model Systems and Intact Tissues

Bicarbonate/CO2-Facilitated Conversion of 1-Amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid to Ethylene in Model Systems and Intact Tissues

Effect of Carbon Dioxide and Light on Ethylene Production in Intact Sunflower Plants

Ethylene Production by Attached Leaves or Intact Shoots of Tobacco Cultivars Differing in Their Speed of Yellowing during Curing

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Bicarbonate/CO₂-Facilitated Conversion of 1-Amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid to Ethylene in Model Systems and Intact Tissues

Bicarbonate/CO₂-Facilitated Conversion of 1-Amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid to Ethylene in Model Systems and Intact Tissues