Effects of carbon and chromium on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of friction stir weldment in medium-carbon steel

Chen, Cheng; Kadoi, Kota; Tokita, Shun; Fujii, Hidetoshi; Ushioda, Kohsaku; Inoue, Hiroshige

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2019.138060

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The macrograph reveals that each region is in perfect appearance, without any cracks or defects. The resulting structure is the original structure of the low‐chromium alloy steel composed of pearlite (P), ferrite (F), and bainite (B) because the base metal is not affected by welding heat [25, 26]. The sizes of heat‐affected zone (HAZ) were measured on the macrogrophs for both single and multilayer hard surfacing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructural analysis of martensitic hard surfacing on low chromium alloy steel

Oo,

Muangjunburee,

Abd Rahim

et al. 2023

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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This study focuses on the metallurgical characterization of single and multi‐layer martensitic hard surfacing onto non‐standardized low‐chromium alloy steel with a single buttering layer using an automatic submerged arc welding process as a standard reference. The metallurgical properties of hard surfaced samples are examined using an optical microscope, energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy, and x‐ray diffractometer. Micro‐Vickers hardness testing is also conducted to analyze and confirm the metallographic results of hard surfacing. The current study finds that the microstructure of each region is influenced by three key factors: chemical composition, heat input, and dilution. The structural type is determined by the chemical composition of materials, heat input influences the structural characteristics in the heat‐affected zone (needle‐shape martensite and tempered martensite), and dilution affects the structural characteristics of the hard surfacing layers (martensite with retained austenite). Comparing multi‐layer hard surfacing to single‐hard surfacing, the hardness values of the heat‐affected zone of the multi‐layer hard surfacing are greatly reduced, while the hardness values of the hard surfacing layers are raised.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average results from at least 3 tests were used to determine the hardness values for each position. (F), and bainite (B) because the base metal is not affected by welding heat [25,26]. The sizes of heat-affected zone (HAZ) were measured on the macrogrophs for both single and multilayer hard surfacing.…”

Section: Hardness Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural analysis of martensitic hard surfacing on low chromium alloy steel

Oo,

Muangjunburee,

Abd Rahim

et al. 2023

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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“…During the hot rolling process, especially in the hot rolling of bars, there is a phenomenon of "remagnetization" after demagnetization of the hot rolled bars, resulting in the so-called "remanent magnetization" phenomenon. The remanent magnetism will have an impact on the subsequent machining and application of the parts, such as the subsequent cutting process to adsorb iron chips [4] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the demagnetization process of the hot rolled medium carbon steel

Cui,

Zhu,

Deng

et al. 2024

Ninth International Conference on Energy Materials and Electrical Engineering (ICEMEE 2023)

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Residual magnetism is always of presence in the medium carbon steel formed in the hot rolling process even by the traditional demagnetization treatment. In order to eliminate the residual magnetism in the typical medium carbon steel, the steel was annealed at 650℃ for different holding time. It is found that, at the early stage of the annealing process, the residual magnetism in the steel decreases gradually with increasing the annealing time. When the annealing time reaches 60 min., The removed residual magnetism reaches a peak. It is attributed to the dissolution and the spheroidization of carbide structure during the annealing process, and the decrease of the micro-strain in the steel, as well. When the annealing time increased from 60 min. to 75 min., the residual magnetism increases with increasing the annealing time for the formation of the heterogeneous microstructure in the steel.

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“…In addition to the easy formation of solidification cracking, the formation of brittle, coarse martensite in the fusion zone and the softening in the heat affected zone (HAZ) [1][2][3] result in a weak weld joint. Recently, the application of friction stir welding (FSW) to martensitic steels has been paid attention to in consideration of the advantages of low heat input and severe plastic deformation during welding [4][5][6]. The significant grain refinement of prior austenite in the stir zone (SZ) due to the dynamic recrystallisation in the austenite phase has been reported to improve the tensile properties of the SZ [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the application of friction stir welding (FSW) to martensitic steels has been paid attention to in consideration of the advantages of low heat input and severe plastic deformation during welding [4][5][6]. The significant grain refinement of prior austenite in the stir zone (SZ) due to the dynamic recrystallisation in the austenite phase has been reported to improve the tensile properties of the SZ [5,6]. However, there still remains a problem that drastic hardness softening occurred in the HAZ by the influence of the thermal cycle during FSW.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of softening in heat affected zone by Mo addition in friction stir welded martensitic steel

Ushioda

Fujii

2022

Science and Technology of Welding and Joining

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The drastic softening in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of friction stir welded 0.2C-2Si-3Mn martensitic steel occurred due to the martensite tempering in the subcritical temperature range just below A 1 temperature in HAZ. It was revealed that the softening in the subcritical HAZ was successfully suppressed by Mo addition. The optimum condition was found to be 3 wt-% Mo addition with the solution temperature of 1120°C, where densely distributed nanometer-sized Mo 2 C were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography in the subcritical HAZ. These fine Mo 2 C precipitates gave rise to an increase in the hardness of approximately 110 HV compared with a no-Mo-added sample, which was in good agreement with the predicted precipitation strengthening value based on the Ashby-Orowan model.

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Effects of carbon and chromium on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of friction stir weldment in medium-carbon steel

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Microstructural analysis of martensitic hard surfacing on low chromium alloy steel

Microstructural analysis of martensitic hard surfacing on low chromium alloy steel

Study on the demagnetization process of the hot rolled medium carbon steel

Suppression of softening in heat affected zone by Mo addition in friction stir welded martensitic steel

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