Effects of carbohydrate restriction and dietary cholesterol provided by eggs on clinical risk factors in metabolic syndrome

Blesso, Christopher N.; Andersen, Catherine J.; Barona, Jacqueline; Volk, Brittanie M.; Volek, Jeff S.; Fernández, María Luz

doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2013.03.008

Cited by 64 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…[17][18][19][20][21] A total of 262 subjects-97 men and 165 women-were used for data analysis. The inclusion/exclusion criteria were similar for all the studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subjects had to have at least three characteristics of MetS as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) ATP III criteria, 1 Subjects could not be enrolled if they had documented heart disease, endocrine problems or diabetes and women could not be pregnant or lactating. [17][18][19][20][21] The study protocols were approved by the University of Connecticut Institutional Review Board. All subjects signed a written consent form prior to participating.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) 23 was used to calculate insulin resistance according to the following equation: HOMA insulin resistance = [fasting insulin (mU/mL) · fasting glucose (mmol/L)] O 22.5.…”

Section: Plasma Insulin and Homeostasis Model Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Larger Body Mass Index is Associated with Increased Atherogenic Dyslipidemia, Insulin Resistance, and Low-Grade Inflammation in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome

Ebron

Andersen

Aguilar

et al. 2015

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

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“…[17][18][19][20][21] A total of 262 subjects-97 men and 165 women-were used for data analysis. The inclusion/exclusion criteria were similar for all the studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Larger Body Mass Index is Associated with Increased Atherogenic Dyslipidemia, Insulin Resistance, and Low-Grade Inflammation in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome

Ebron

Andersen

Aguilar

et al. 2015

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

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“…Dietary and lifestyle therapies that promote weight loss and improved diet quality have been shown to effectively ameliorate markers of systemic inflammation, including inflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and lipoprotein-associated serum amyloid A (SAA) [13,14,15]. Moderate weight loss (~5% of body weight) has additionally been shown to reduce inflammatory gene expression and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) DNA binding activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from obese women [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Egg Intake during Carbohydrate Restriction Alters Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Inflammation and Cholesterol Homeostasis in Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2014

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Egg yolk contains bioactive components that improve plasma inflammatory markers and HDL profiles in metabolic syndrome (MetS) under carbohydrate restriction. We further sought to determine whether egg yolk intake affects peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) inflammation and cholesterol homeostasis in MetS, as HDL and its associated lipid transporter ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) reduce the inflammatory potential of leukocytes through modulation of cellular cholesterol content and distribution. Thirty-seven men and women classified with MetS consumed a moderate carbohydrate-restricted diet (25%–30% of energy) for 12 weeks, in addition to consuming either three whole eggs per day (EGG) or the equivalent amount of yolk-free egg substitute (SUB). Interestingly, lipopolysaccharide-induced PBMC IL-1β and TNFα secretion increased from baseline to week 12 in the SUB group only, despite increases in PBMC toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mRNA expression in the EGG group. Compared to baseline, ABCA1 and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase mRNA expression increased by week 12 in the EGG group only, whereas changes in PBMC total cholesterol positively correlated with changes in lipid raft content. Together, these findings suggest that intake of whole eggs during carbohydrate restriction alters PBMC inflammation and cholesterol homeostasis in MetS.

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“…Furthermore, it has been reported that overweight subjects respond to dietary cholesterol only by increasing the HDL cholesterol levels (Mutungi et al, 2008). Twelve weeks of consumption of up to 550 mg of additional dietary cholesterol did not increase LDL cholesterol levels, but significantly increased HDL cholesterol levels in subjects with confirmed metabolic syndrome (Blesso et al, 2012). It is interesting that patients with metabolic syndrome are among those with defined cardiovascular risk and are recommended to consume no more than 200 mg of dietary cholesterol per day.…”

Section: Dietary Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Dietary Cholesterol in Lipoprotein Metabolism and Related Metabolic Abnormalities: A Mini-review

Kapourchali¹,

Gangadaran

Goulet

et al. 2015

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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Cholesterol plays a vital role in cell biology. Dietary cholesterol or "exogenous" cholesterol accounts for approximately one-third of the pooled body cholesterol, and the remaining 70% is synthesized in the body (endogenous cholesterol). Increased dietary cholesterol intake may result in increased serum cholesterol in some individuals, while other subjects may not respond to dietary cholesterol. However, diet-increased serum cholesterol levels do not increase the low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein (LDL/HDL) cholesterol ratio, nor do they decrease the size of LDL particles or HDL cholesterol levels. Elevated levels of LDL cholesterol, reduced HDL cholesterol levels, and small, dense LDL particles are independent risk factors for coronary artery disease. Dietary cholesterol is the primary approach for treatment of conditions such as the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. Recent studies have highlighted mechanisms for absorption of dietary cholesterol. These studies have help understand how dietary and/or pharmaceutical agents inhibit cholesterol absorption and thereby reduce LDL cholesterol concentrations. In this article, various aspects of cholesterol metabolism, including dietary sources, absorption, and abnormalities in cholesterol metabolism, have been summarized and discussed.

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Effects of carbohydrate restriction and dietary cholesterol provided by eggs on clinical risk factors in metabolic syndrome

Cited by 64 publications

References 43 publications

A Larger Body Mass Index is Associated with Increased Atherogenic Dyslipidemia, Insulin Resistance, and Low-Grade Inflammation in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome

A Larger Body Mass Index is Associated with Increased Atherogenic Dyslipidemia, Insulin Resistance, and Low-Grade Inflammation in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome

Egg Intake during Carbohydrate Restriction Alters Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Inflammation and Cholesterol Homeostasis in Metabolic Syndrome

The Role of Dietary Cholesterol in Lipoprotein Metabolism and Related Metabolic Abnormalities: A Mini-review

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