Effects of Cannabis Use on Human Behavior, Including Cognition, Motivation, and Psychosis: A Review

Volkow, Nora D.; Swanson, James M.; Evins, A. Eden; DeLisi, Lynn E.; Meier, Madeline H.; González, Raúl; Bloomfield, Michael; Curran, H. Valerie; Baler, Rubén

doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.3278

Cited by 650 publications

(491 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Over time more and more studies have demonstrated the risk that cannabis use of youths can pose to their developing brains, although causality is difficult to determine because of the possibility of common causal agents [2,17,18]. The results call for additional efforts in intervention specifically aimed at young heavy users of cannabis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent alcohol and cannabis use in Iceland 1995–2015

Arnarsson

Kristófersson

Bjarnason

2017

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Introduction. Over the past two decades, alcohol consumption of Icelandic adolescents has decreased dramatically. The aim of this study was to quantify the extent of this reduction and compare it with the trend in cannabis use over a 20 year period and to identify possible explanations. Methods. We used data from the Icelandic participants to the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs study (collected via paper-and-pencil questionnaires in classrooms). The sample included all students in the 10th grade (54-89% response rate). Results. The percentage of participants who had never used alcohol during their lifetime rose from 20.8% in 1995 to 65.5% in 2015. Similarly, there was a decline in the proportion of students who had consumed alcohol 40 times or more, from 13.7% to 2.8%. During the same period, the number of students who had never used cannabis rose from 90.2% to 92.0%. In contrast, we found a small, but statistically significant, increase in the prevalence of those who had used cannabis 40 times or more, from 0.7% in 1995 to 2.3% in 2015. Parental monitoring increased markedly between 1995 and 2015, but availability of alcohol decreased. Perceived access to cannabis and youth attitudes towards substance use remained unchanged. Discussion. Although Iceland has enjoyed success in lowering alcohol use among adolescents over the past decades, and somewhat fewer claim to have ever tried cannabis, there has been a threefold increase among heavy users of cannabis. Increased parental monitoring and decreased availability of alcohol explain some of the changes seen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent alcohol and cannabis use in Iceland 1995–2015

Arnarsson

Kristófersson

Bjarnason

2017

Drug and Alcohol Review

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“…However, despite these mixed associations with aggression, adolescent users are at higher risk for current marijuana use to develop into a cannabis use disorder than adult users are (Chen, Storr, & Anthony, 2009;Volkow et al, 2014). Adolescent users might also be at higher risk than adult users for relatively impaired cognitive ability and development of chronic psychosis, and amotivation associated with marijuana use may impact school performance (Lubman, Cheetham, & Yücel, 2015;Meier et al, 2012;Volkow et al, 2016). Fortunately, psychotherapy can effectively counter problematic marijuana use in adolescents (Copeland & Swift, 2009).…”

Section: Adolescents' Personal Use Of Marijuanamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal, perinatal, and adolescent exposure to marijuana: Relationships with aggressive behavior

Barthélémy

Richardson

Cabral

et al. 2016

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

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“…2,3 The effects of child exposure to secondhand cannabis smoke (SCS) may be harmful as well. 4,5 For example, laboratory studies of the chemical composition of mainstream and sidestream smoke from marijuana cigarettes confirm the presence of known carcinogens and other chemicals linked to respiratory disease. 6 Detectable levels of marijuana metabolites have been found in children exposed to SCS, 7,8 and some toxic chemicals found in both SCS and STS have higher concentrations in SCS than in STS.…”

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confidence: 99%

Trends in Cannabis and Cigarette Use Among Parents With Children at Home: 2002 to 2015

Goodwin

Cheslack‐Postava

Santoscoy³

et al. 2018

Pediatrics

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BACKGROUND: In this study, we investigated trends in cannabis use among parents with children at home in the United States and estimated changes in prevalence of any cannabis use and daily cannabis use among parents who identified as cigarette smokers and nonsmokers with children in the home from 2002 to 2015. METHODS: The National Survey on Drug Use and Health is an annual, nationally representative, cross-sectional study conducted in the United States. Using logistic regression models, associations between cigarette smoking and any past-month and daily past-month cannabis use among parents with children in the home from 2002 to 2015 were estimated. Moderation of these associations by demographics and trends over time was examined. RESULTS: Past-month cannabis use among parents with children in the home increased from 4.9% in 2002 to 6.8% in 2015, whereas cigarette smoking declined from 27.6% to 20.2%. Cannabis use increased from 11.0% in 2002 to 17.4% in 2015 among cigarette-smoking parents and from 2.4% to 4.0% among non–cigarette-smoking parents (P value for trends <.0001). Cannabis use was nearly 4 times more common among cigarette smokers versus nonsmokers (17.4% vs 4.0%; adjusted odds ratio = 3.88 [3.16–4.75]), as was daily cannabis use (4.6% vs 0.8%; adjusted odds ratio = 3.70 [2.46–5.55]). The overall percentage of parents who used either cigarettes and/or cannabis decreased from 29.7% in 2002 to 23.5% in 2015. CONCLUSIONS: Efforts to decrease secondhand smoke exposure via cigarette smoking cessation may be complicated by increases in cannabis use. Educating parents about secondhand cannabis smoke exposure should be integrated into public education programs on secondhand tobacco smoke exposure.

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Effects of Cannabis Use on Human Behavior, Including Cognition, Motivation, and Psychosis: A Review

Abstract: I t is well established that cannabis use causes acute impairment in the ability of the brain to hold information (ie, cognitive capacity). Hence, temporary deficits occur in learning and memory, attention, and working memory.

Cited by 650 publications

References 77 publications

Adolescent alcohol and cannabis use in Iceland 1995–2015

Adolescent alcohol and cannabis use in Iceland 1995–2015

Prenatal, perinatal, and adolescent exposure to marijuana: Relationships with aggressive behavior

Trends in Cannabis and Cigarette Use Among Parents With Children at Home: 2002 to 2015

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