Effects of cannabinoids and their receptors on viral infections

Tahamtan, Alireza; Tavakoli-Yaraki, Masoumeh; Rygiel, Tomasz P.; Mokhtari‐Azad, Talat; Salimi, Vahid

doi:10.1002/jmv.24292

Cited by 59 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…When airway epithelial cells are infected by the influenza virus, infiltration of various immune cells occurs. It is known that infiltrating immune cells are directed against infected epithelial cells, causing immunopathogenesis (Tahamtan et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Opioids and Viral Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opioids and Viral Infections: A Double-Edged Sword

et al. 2016

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Opioids and their receptors have received remarkable attention because they have the ability to alter immune function, which affects disease progression. In vitro and in vivo findings as well as observations in humans indicate that opioids and their receptors positively or negatively affect viral replication and virus-mediated pathology. The present study reviews recent insights in the role of opioids and their receptors in viral infections and discusses possible therapeutic opportunities. This review supports the emerging concept that opioids and their receptors have both favorable and unfavorable effects on viral disease, depending on the type of virus. Targeting of the opioid system is a potential option for developing effective therapies; however caution is required in relation to the beneficial functions of opioid systems.

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Section: Opioids and Viral Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opioids and Viral Infections: A Double-Edged Sword

et al. 2016

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“…Their signaling has received remarkable attention because they have ability to alter immune function and effect on disease progression. [101][102][103][104] The data from our studies, for the first time, provided evidence that genetic variations in these receptors dysregulate the immune response following RSV infection and associated with risk of hospitalization in RSV-infected infants. 105,106 We showed that the genetic variations in the CNR2 gene (Q63R), which encode cannabinoid CB2 receptors, associated with RSV disease severity.…”

Section: Effects Of Variation In Opioid/cannabinoid Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Opioid and cannabinoid receptors (opioid receptors: μ, δ, and κ; cannabinoid receptors: CB1 and CB2) are transmembrane G protein‐coupled receptors with an affinity for endogenous and exogenous peptides. Their signaling has received remarkable attention because they have ability to alter immune function and effect on disease progression . The data from our studies, for the first time, provided evidence that genetic variations in these receptors dysregulate the immune response following RSV infection and associated with risk of hospitalization in RSV‐infected infants .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Disease severity in respiratory syncytial virus infection: Role of host genetic variation

Tahamtan

Askari

Bont

et al. 2019

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Summary Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in the pediatric population worldwide. The immunopathology of RSV infection varies considerably and severe disease occurs only in a minority of the population. There are many factors (host, viral, and environmental) that contribute to the complicated disease phenotype. In this regard, host factors are decisive for pulmonary susceptibility to RSV infection. Host genetic diversity certainly affects the balance between control of viral replication and tissue damage during RSV infection, consequently impacting on diseases outcome. In this review, we discuss the role of host genetic variation in disease caused by RSV aiming to highlight genetic risk factors for one of the most common diseases in early childhood. Our findings clearly indicate that the response of each individual to infection is influenced by genetic diversity mainly linked to the regulation of host immune responses. Future genetic association and functional studies using more powerful and consistently reproducible approaches will likely be able to confirm, refine, and expand our developing concept of RSV disease pathogenesis.

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“…Particularly in viral infections, the anti-inflammatory activity of D 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (D 9 -THC), 2 the main component of cannabis, may jeopardize host immune responses to acute viral infections, leading to disease progression and death in the worst case. 3,4 Nonetheless, D 9 -THC may be beneficial in viral infections where the host inflammatory response is pathogenic, 3 although its psychoactive and addictive potential is a significant limitation to its therapeutic development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabidiol for Viral Diseases: Hype or Hope?

Tagne

Pacchetti²,

Sodergren

et al. 2020

Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research

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Background: The possibility of cannabidiol (CBD) to be used as an antiviral or to treat viral diseases has received limited attention so far, despite the growing number of claims that CBD could be used for the treatment of viral infection-related conditions. Aim and Methods: Therefore, we systematically retrieved and critically evaluated the scientific literature available on PubMed and the claims on the Internet, to assess the current state of knowledge on the use of CBD in viral diseases, and to provide suggestions for future research directions. Results: PubMed search referenced two original articles supporting the use of CBD for the treatment of hepatitis C and Kaposi sarcoma and one article reporting the ability of CBD to reduce neuroinflammation in a virusinduced animal model of multiple sclerosis. Internet search found 25 websites claiming more indications for CBD. Remarkably, those claims were provided mostly by commercial websites and were not supported by appropriate scientific references. Conclusion: Although preclinical studies suggest the potential effectiveness of CBD in viral diseases such as hepatitis C and Kaposi sarcoma, clinical evidence is still lacking. Anecdotal experiences of CBD use retrieved on the Internet, on the other side, lack any support from sound scientific evidence, although they might in some cases provide suggestions for conditions associated with viral infections that may deserve proper assessment in welldesigned clinical trials.

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Effects of cannabinoids and their receptors on viral infections

Cited by 59 publications

References 116 publications

Opioids and Viral Infections: A Double-Edged Sword

Opioids and Viral Infections: A Double-Edged Sword

Disease severity in respiratory syncytial virus infection: Role of host genetic variation

Cannabidiol for Viral Diseases: Hype or Hope?

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