Effects of caffeine, sleep loss, and stress on cognitive performance and mood during U.S. Navy SEAL training

Lieberman, Harris R.; Tharion, William J.; Shukitt‐Hale, Barbara; Speckman, Karen L.; Tulley, Richard T.

doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1217-9

Cited by 474 publications

(347 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

302

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Correspondingly, Lieberman et al (2002) found that following sleep deprivation, executive and reaction time measures were all impaired. Compared to the pre-sleepdeprivation baseline, nearly all measures were degraded: participants' hits on a vigilance task decreased by almost half whereas reaction time increased; all visual reaction time measures were impaired, and spatial working memory was also significantly impaired (correct responses decreased, reaction time increased and timeout errors increased).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Self reported sleep quality and cognitive performance in ecstasy users

Montgomery

Fisk

Wareing

et al. 2007

Human Psychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: Research suggests that ecstasy users exhibit psychobiological changes relative to nonusers such as altered sleep patterns and cognitive deficits. In turn, it has been suggested that sleep quality may be a mediator of such cognitive deficits in ecstasy users. The present study sought to investigate this proposed relationship.Methods: Aspects of cognitive functioning in 104 ecstasy users and 103 nonusers obtained from our previous studies were reanalysed to explore the extent to which ecstasy-related group differences were attributable to differences in sleep quality.Cognitive function was assessed via the computation span test, consonant updating, paired associate learning, syllogistic reasoning and word fluency. Sleep quality was measured via the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS). Results: Ecstasy users performed worse than nonusers on all cognitive measures. While no differences were observed on the ESS, ecstasy users reported greater tiredness at the beginning of testing than nonusers. When the sleep variables were included as covariates, the effects of ecstasy on all cognitive measures remained significant. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest little evidence for the mediating effects of sleep on cognitive function in ecstasy users.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Self reported sleep quality and cognitive performance in ecstasy users

Montgomery

Fisk

Wareing

et al. 2007

Human Psychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The military deployment cycle increases the likelihood of servicemembers enduring psychological and physical harm, as well as suffering degradation in cognitive functioning (Marx et al 2009;Tanielian et al 2008;Vasterling et al 2006). In the months leading up to their deployment to a combat zone, servicemembers engage in mission-critical operational field training and Bstress-inoculation^training, which have been linked to degradation in cognitive performance (Lieberman et al 2002b(Lieberman et al , 2005Morgan et al 2006). Thus, the very cognitive faculties necessary for troops to best meet the challenges of combat may be compromised even before they are deployed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Form Mindfulness Training Protects Against Working Memory Degradation over High-Demand Intervals

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Periods of persistent and intensive demands may compromise working memory (WM) and increase susceptibility to distraction. We investigated if mindfulness training (MT) may mitigate these deleterious effects and promote cognitive resilience in military cohorts enduring a high-demand interval of military training. To better understand which aspects of MT programs are most beneficial, three military cohorts were examined. Two groups received 8-h variants of an MT course, Mindfulness-based Mind Fitness Training (MMFT)®, with one group emphasizing in-class training exercises (M8T, n = 40) and the other emphasizing didactic content (M8D, n = 40). A third group received no training (NTC, n = 46). Performance on a delayed-recognition WM task that varied mnemonic load (1 vs. 2 items) and delayspanning valenced distraction (negative vs. neutral images) was measured before (T1) and after (T2) an 8-week interval. Overall, task accuracy (% correct) was greater on low-vs. high-load trials, as well as trials with neutral vs. negative distraction. Task accuracy did not change over time in a civilian cohort (N = 22). Yet, it declined from T1 to T2 in the military cohorts, with the greatest degradation in NTC, followed by M8D, and near stable performance from T1 to T2 in M8T. This time by group effect significantly varied with load, but not with distracter valence. While NTC's performance degraded over time for both low-and high-load trials, M8D's performance degraded only for high load, and M8T did not show performance degradation for either load condition. These results suggest that MT may protect against WM degradation over high-demand intervals, with training-focused MT programs offering the greatest benefits for maintaining performance in high-load conditions.

show abstract

“…Current research is more supportive of the benefits of caffeine. For example, it was found that moderate doses of caffeine improved cognitive function, including vigilance, memory, learning, and mood state among US Navy SEAL trainees under limited sleep conditions (Lieberman, Tharion, Shukitt-Hale, Speckman, & Tulley, 2002).…”

Section: Current Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%