Effects of caffeine, practice, and mode of presentation on stroop task performance

Edwards, Stephen D.; Brice, Carolyn Frances; Craig, Catherine L.; Penri-Jones, Rebecca

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(95)02116-7

Cited by 51 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…To explore the action of caffeine on cognitive variables, we exposed the participants to attentional demands. When SET and SRS values were compared between the caffeine and placebo conditions, the results did not indicate significant changes in either parameter, in agreement with data reported by others (27,34). The ability of humans to capture information from the environment is very complex.…”

Section: Cognitive and Motor Measuressupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The Stroop color-naming task is a classic paradigm that elegantly illustrates important concepts such as automaticity and interference. The Stroop paradigm has been in use for over fifty years and has been described as the gold standard of attentional measures (34). The criteria analyzed were execution time and raw score (i.e., number of correct answers).…”

Section: Stroop Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of caffeine on the electrophysiological, cognitive and motor responses of the central nervous system

Deslandes

Veiga

Cagy

et al. 2005

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Caffeine is the most consumed psychoactive substance in the world. The effects of caffeine have been studied using cognitive and motor measures, quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) and event-related potentials. However, these methods are not usually employed in combination, a fact that impairs the interpretation of the results. The objective of the present study was to analyze changes in electrophysiological, cognitive and motor variables with the ingestion of caffeine, and to relate central to peripheral responses. For this purpose we recorded event-related potentials and eyes-closed, resting EEG, applied the Stroop test, and measured reaction time. Fifteen volunteers took caffeine (400 mg) or placebo in a randomized, crossover, double-blind design. A significant reduction of alpha absolute power over the entire scalp and of P300 latency at the Fz electrode were observed after caffeine ingestion. These results are consistent with a stimulatory effect of caffeine, although there was no change in the attention (Stroop) test or in reaction time. The qEEG seems to be the most sensitive index of the changes produced by caffeine in the central nervous system since it proved to be capable of detecting changes that were not evident in the tests of cognitive or motor performance.

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Section: Cognitive and Motor Measuressupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Stroop Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of caffeine on the electrophysiological, cognitive and motor responses of the central nervous system

Deslandes

Veiga

Cagy

et al. 2005

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Failure to control for habitual level of caffeine consumption may have contributed to the somewhat mixed findings from previous research on the cognitive and psychomotor effects of caffeine. Many studies have reported caffeine-related enhancement of performance (Battig & Buzzi, 1986;Hindmarch, Quinlan, Moore, & Parkin, 1998;Kenemans & Verbaten, 1998;Rees, Allen, & Lader, 1999;Robelin & Rogers, 1998;Smith, Kendrick, Maben, & Salmon, 1994;Warburton, 1995; also see review by Rusted, 1994), whereas other studies have reported no significant improvement (Edwards, Brice, Craig, & Penri-Jones, 1996;Hertz, 1999;James, 1998;Loke, 1988Loke, , 1990 or even a decrement in performance following caffeine (Erikson et al, 1985;Foreman, Barraclough, Moore, Mehta, & Madon, 1989). James (1997) cautions that some of the reported facilitation effects of caffeine may in fact be restoration effects following the reversal of caffeine withdrawal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SCWT places high demands on participants r'rr to selectively focus on one type of information while simultaneously ignoring another (MacLeod, 1991). Results from caffeine studies using the SCWT have been mixed, with caffeine resulting in improvement (Hasenfratz & Battig, 1992;Kenemans, Wieleman, Zeegers, & Verbaten, 1999;Patat et al, 2000;Riedel et al, 1995), hindrance (Foreman et al, 1989), or no significant effect on performance (Edwards et al, 1996). The present study compared heavy and light caffeine users on caffeine-related SCWT performance in an attempt to resolve such discrepancies from previous work, in light of the hypothesis of James (1997), cited earlier.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of caffeine on cognitive and autonomic measures in heavy and light caffeine consumers

Lyvers

Brooks

Matica

2004

Australian Journal of Psychology

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“…Studies that employed this cognitive test along with caffeine ingestion presented conflicting results. Edwards et al 27 did not observe significant differences in Stroop performance when administering 125-250 mg of caffeine. Patat et al 17 contradicted these findings by showing a significant improvement in Stroop performance in individuals who took 600 mg of caffeine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of caffeine on visual evoked potencial (P300) and neuromotor performance

Deslandes

Veiga

Cagy

et al. 2004

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-The stimulant effects of caffeine on cognitive performance have been widely investigated. The visual evoked potential, specially the P300 component, has been used in studies that explain the stimulant mechanisms of caffeine through neurophysiological methods. In this context, the present study aimed to investigate electrophysiological changes (P300 latency) and modification of cognitive and motor performance produced by caffeine. Fifteen healthy volunteers, 9 women and 6 men (26 ± 5 years, 67 ± 12.5 kg) were submitted three times to the following procedure: electroencefalographic recording, Word Color Stroop Test, and visual discrimination task. Subjects took a gelatin caffeine capsule (400 mg) or a placebo (P1 and P2), in a randomized, crossover, double-blind design. A one-factor ANOVA and Tukey' post hoc test were used to compare dependent variables on the C, P1 and P2 moments. The statistical analyses indicated a non-significant decrease in reaction time, Stroop execution time and latency at Cz on the caffeine moment when compared to the others. Moreover, a non-significant increase in Stroop raw score and latency at Pz could be observed.The only significant result was found at Fz.These findings suggest that the positive tendency of caffeine to improve cognitive performance is probably associated with changes in the frontal cortex, a widely recognized attention area.KEY WORDS: P300, caffeine, neuromotor performance. Efeitos da ingestão de cafeína no potencial evocado visual (p300) e no desempenho neuromotorRESUMO -Os efeitos estimulantes da cafeína no desempenho cognitivo vêm sendo amplamente investigados. O potencial evocado visual (P300) tem sido empregado em estudos recentes que buscam elucidar os mecanismos excitatórios da cafeína através de métodos neurofisiológicos. Neste contexto, o presente estudo objetivou examinar as variações geradas pela cafeína em respostas eletrofisiológicas (latência do P300) e determinar modificações no desempenho cognitivo e motor. Para tanto, 15 indivíduos hígi-dos, sendo 9 mulheres e 6 homens (26 ± 5 anos, 67 ± 12,5 kg) foram submetidos por três vezes à seguinte rotina: aquisição de sinais eletroencefalográficos, Word Color Stroop Test e tarefa de discriminação visual. Foi administrada uma cápsula gelatinosa de 400 mg de cafeína ou de placebo (P1 e P2) em um desenho randomizado duplo-cego cruzado. Foi empregada a ANOVA com um fator e post hoc de Tukey -HSD para a comparação das variáveis nos momentos C, P1 e P2. O momento cafeína apresentou redução não significativa no tempo de reação, no tempo de execução do Stroop e na latência em Cz. Observou-se também aumento não significativo no escore bruto do Stroop e na latência em Pz. O único resultado significativo encontrado foi na latência em Fz.Assim, pode-se concluir que a tendência favorável à ingestão de cafeína na melhora das respostas cognitivas pode estar relacionada a mudanças em regiões específicas do cérebro, como o córtex frontal, área amplamente relacionada com os processos de atenção. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: P300, ...

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Effects of caffeine, practice, and mode of presentation on stroop task performance

Cited by 51 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of caffeine on the electrophysiological, cognitive and motor responses of the central nervous system

Effects of caffeine on the electrophysiological, cognitive and motor responses of the central nervous system

Effects of caffeine on cognitive and autonomic measures in heavy and light caffeine consumers

Effects of caffeine on visual evoked potencial (P300) and neuromotor performance

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