Effects of caecal ligation and saline acclimation on plasma concentration and organ mass in male and female Pekin ducks, Anas platyrhynchos

Hughes, Maryanne R.; Kojwang, David; Zenteno‐Savín, Tania

doi:10.1007/bf00296643

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Females have larger kidneys (Hughes et al 1989(Hughes et al , 1995 and are more tolerant of saline (Hughes et al 1992); males have higher water flux (Bennett et al 2000), especially after cecal ligation (Hughes et al 1991), and lower glomerular filtration rate (Hughes et al 1989). ECFV, but not TBW, differed between male and female Pekin ducks maintained on freshwater (Hughes et al 1989(Hughes et al , 1991Bennett et al 2003b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Redistribution of Extracellular Water and Sodium May Contribute to Saline Tolerance in Wild Ducks

Bennett¹,

Gray²,

Sharp³

et al. 2005

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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The compartmentalization of body fluids was measured in three species of ducks that differ in saline tolerance. Half of the birds of each species drank freshwater, while the other half drank saline (300 mM NaCl). Among ducks that drank freshwater, total body water (TBW) was similar among all species, but Barrow's goldeneyes (Bucephala islandica), the most marine species, had larger extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) than freshwater mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) or estuarine canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria). When acclimated to saline, only goldeneyes shifted extracellular water and Na+ into the intracellular compartment. ECFV was correlated with plasma aldosterone concentration in goldeneyes, but not in canvasbacks (aldosterone was not measured in mallards). Data summarized from the literature showed that TBW does not differ among terrestrial, freshwater, or marine species, but marine species have a larger part of their TBW in the extracellular compartment. Saline induced movement of extracellular water and Na+ into the cells only in goldeneyes. ECFV and redistribution of extracellular water and Na+ into the cells may be important components in saline tolerance of marine birds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Redistribution of Extracellular Water and Sodium May Contribute to Saline Tolerance in Wild Ducks

Bennett¹,

Gray²,

Sharp³

et al. 2005

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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“…Mallards reflux about 20% of their urine, regardless of drinking water salinity (Hughes et al, 1999). The capacity for Na + uptake in the hindgut of Pekin ducks is only slightly diminished by saline acclimation (Skadhauge et al, 1984), and their cloacal fluid (Hughes et al, 1992) is more concentrated than their urine . Postrenal modification of urine may help explain the inconsistencies in osmoregulatory responses of canvasback ducks.…”

Section: Kidney Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of renal and salt gland function in three species of wild ducks

Bennett

Hughes

2003

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYThree processes central to osmoregulation of marine birds were compared in three species of ducks that differ in habitat affinity, diet and saline tolerance. These processes are filtration of Na+ and water from the plasma by the kidneys, their reabsorption along the renal tubules, and secretion by the salt glands. Barrow's goldeneyes Bucephala islandica, the most marine species, have the highest rates for all three processes and only this species can secrete all the infused salt viathe salt glands. Rates of all three processes are lower in mallards Anas platyrhynchos, the most freshwater species. Following saline acclimation,mallards could excrete all the infused Na+ by a combined Na+ excretion of the kidneys and salt glands. Canvasbacks Aythya valisineria, despite being more saline tolerant than mallards,are unable to excrete all the infused Na+. They produce a large volume of urine (like mallards) that has a low [Na+] (like goldeneyes). Salt gland secretion Na+ concentration did not differ among the three species, but only goldeneyes secrete at a rate sufficient to eliminate all infused Na+via the salt glands. Differences in saline tolerance of these ducks species cannot be fully explained by differences in their filtration, reabsorption and secretion of Na+and water, suggesting that the intestinal tract plays an important role.

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“…This study simulated the return of seaducks to the marine habitat by presenting Pekin ducks simultaneously with increasingly concentrated NaCl and diets spiked with Cd. It included both sexes, since male and female Pekin ducks differ in kidney size , postrenal urine modification (Hughes et al, 1999), saline tolerance (Hughes et al, 1992), and the amount of Cd sequestered by the salt glands (Burger & Gochfeld, 1992). The following hypotheses were investigated: Ingestion of Cd induces (1) hypertrophy of osmoregulatory organs and (2) pathological changes in osmoregulatory organs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They spend the remainder of the year in marine environments that contain substantial amounts of Cd. Although they are less salt tolerant than seaducks (Hughes et al, 1991(Hughes et al, , 1992, Pekin ducks were used to investigate possible effects of ingested Cd on the organs of seaducks because they use the same mechanisms to maintain osmotic homeostasis. This study simulated the return of seaducks to the marine habitat by presenting Pekin ducks simultaneously with increasingly concentrated NaCl and diets spiked with Cd.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Pathological Effects of Cadmium Ingestion on Pekin Ducks Exposed to Saline

Hughes

Smits

Elliott

et al. 2000

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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This study examined the effects of simultaneous exposure to saline and cadmium (Cd) on organ mass and histology of a bird with salt glands, the Pekin duck, Anas platyrhynchos. Three mixed-sex groups, each containing 6 birds, ate duck pellets containing 0, 50, or 300 microg Cd/g, respectively, for 4 1/2 mo and drank 300 mM NaCl. Only females on the high-Cd diet lost body mass. Ingestion of Cd reduced heart mass in females. There was increased mass of Harderian and salt glands in both sexes. Mass of kidneys and liver increased only in males, and the gut mass (also length) increased more in males. Cadmium ingestion also induced (1) inflammation of renal interstitium and degenerative tubular changes, (2) marked degenerative changes in testes, (3) increased heart water content, (4) decreased cytoplasmic volume of liver cells, (5) reduced proportion of basophilic granular cells in chromaffin tissue of the adrenal glands, and (6) in the ileum, increased heterophilia in the lamina propria and, only in females, the apoptosis to mitosis ratio in crypt cells of the epithelium. The ducks' outward appearance gave no indication that ingesting large amounts of cadmium for 4 1/2 mo produced deleterious effects, but the physiological consequences were profound. Both sexes had greatly reduced gonadal mass and the males produced no sperm. The higher dietary level greatly hypertrophied the liver, kidneys, and gut only in males. The cadmium-induced changes in organs, particularly in the gonads, kidneys, and adrenal glands, should greatly impair the health and reproductive capacity of these ducks.

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Effects of caecal ligation and saline acclimation on plasma concentration and organ mass in male and female Pekin ducks, Anas platyrhynchos

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Redistribution of Extracellular Water and Sodium May Contribute to Saline Tolerance in Wild Ducks

Redistribution of Extracellular Water and Sodium May Contribute to Saline Tolerance in Wild Ducks

Comparison of renal and salt gland function in three species of wild ducks

Morphological and Pathological Effects of Cadmium Ingestion on Pekin Ducks Exposed to Saline

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