Effects of cadmium on seed germination and seedling growth of <i>Xanthium strumarium</i>, <i>X. sibiricum,</i> and their hybrids

Chenyang, 薛晨阳 Xue; Yingmei, 高英美 Gao; Bo, 曲波 Qu

doi:10.5846/stxb201810092176

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Seed disinfection and germination of CR, LT, ZCR, and ZLT see our previous research (Xue et al, 2020). Seeds germinated were moved into quartz sand containing 1/2 Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient solution for 1 week.…”

Section: Plant Materials Growth Conditions and Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the fruit can be used as medicine. Hybridization has been demonstrated between LT and CR in nature through morphological structure analysis (Xue et al, 2018) and molecular experiments (Xue et al, 2020). High-throughput transcriptomic analysis, for example RNA-seq analysis based on Illumina sequencing technology, can help to identify potential biomarker genes and unravel underlying molecular mechanisms, and RNAseq analysis needs no reference genome Yi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybridization With an Invasive Plant of Xanthium strumarium Improves the Tolerance of Its Native Congener X. sibiricum to Cadmium

et al. 2021

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Hybridization is one of the important factors influencing the adaptive evolution of invasive plants. According to previous studies, hybridization with an invasive plant reduces the adaptability of its native congener to environment. However, in this study, the hybridization with an invasive plant of Xanthium strumarium (LT) improves the tolerance and accumulation of its native congener Xanthium sibiricum (CR) to cadmium (Cd). Under Cd stress, X. sibiricum♀ × X. strumarium♂ (ZCR) showed higher biomass and Cd accumulation. Compared with CR, ZCR has longer vegetative and reproductive growth time. Moreover, ZCR adopted more reasonable biomass allocation strategy. ZCR increased the proportion of reproductive allocation and ensured its own survival with the increase of Cd stress. Furthermore, ZCR increased the translocation of Cd to aboveground parts and changed the distribution of Cd. A large amount of Cd is stored in senescent leaves and eliminated from the plant when the leaves fall off, which not only reduces the Cd content in the plant, but also reduces the toxicity of Cd in the normal leaves. Transcriptome analysis shows a total of 2055 (1060 up and 995 down) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the leaves of Cd-stressed ZCR compared with CR, while only 792 (521 up and 271 down) were detected in X. strumarium♀ × X. sibiricum♂ (ZLT) compared with LT. A large number of DGEs in ZCR and ZLT are involved in abscisic acid (ABA) synthesis and signal transduction. The genes induced by ABA in ZCR, including CNGC5/20, CPK1/28, CML, PTI1-like tyrosine-protein kinase 3, respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein C, and WRKY transcription factor 33 were found differentially expressed compared CR. carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4, NCED1/2, phytoene synthase 2, and CYP707A involved in ABA synthesis and decomposition in ZLT were found differentially expressed compared LT. We speculated that ABA played an important role in Cd transportation of hybrids and Cd distribution in senescent and normal leaves. The results demonstrate that hybridization with an invasive plant improves the adaptability of the hybrid to Cd stress and may enhance the extinction risk of native congener in pollution environment.

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Section: Plant Materials Growth Conditions and Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%