Effects of Button Mushroom Agaricus bisporus (Agaricomycetes) and Soybean Oil on Storage Characteristics of Chicken Sausage

Abstract

To investigate the effect of <i>Agaricus bisporus</i> and soybean oil as complex fat substitutes on the storage characteristics of chicken sausages, a pre-mixture of <i>A. bisporus</i> and soybean oil (1:2) was used to replace 0% (CK), 30% (T30), 60% (T60), and 90% (T90) of pork back fat in chicken sausages. The changes in color (brightness value, L*; redness value, a*; and yellowness value, b*), texture, pH, and total viable count of the sausages were examined at 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 d of storage at 4°C, respectively. The results showed that <i>A. bisporus</i> and soybean oil altered the color of the sausages. At the same storage time, compared with CK, L* values of fat-reduced chicken sausages decreased significantly, while a* values increased significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05), b* values increased significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05) at the 10 d of storage. During storage, L* and a* values of CK gradually decreased and b* values gradually increased, fat-reduced sausages exhibited opposite trends in a* values and b* values compared with CK. The hardness and chewiness of fat-reduced sausages increased significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05) compared with CK at the same storage time. During storage, the overall hardness of fat-reduced sausages increased, and the springiness and chewiness fluctuated. T60 did not change significantly in cohesiveness throughout the storage period (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The pH of fat-reduced sausage was relatively stable during storage. The higher the amount of <i>A. bisporus</i> added, the greater the pH. The pH of T60 did not change throughout the storage period. <i>A. bisporus</i> and soybean oil showed some antibacterial effect on sausage and the minimum shelf life of chicken sausage with <i>A. bisporus</i> was 25 d. In conclusion, <i>A. bisporus</i> and soybean oil increased the redness and hardness of the sausages during storage, but the pH and total viable bacteria count remained relatively stable. T60 displayed the most stable storage properties among them, making it the optimum method for the manufacturing of fat-reduced chicken sausages.