Effects of Broad Bean Diet on the Growth Performance, Muscle Characteristics, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Health of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Abstract

Four crisping diets were designed to conduct a feeding experiment to investigate the use of broad bean in the formulated feed of Nile tilapia and optimize its use. The growth performance, muscle characteristics, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health of Nile tilapia with an initial body weight of 617.32 ± 1.64 g were evaluated after being fed with different diets for 90 days. The results showed no adverse effect on the growth performance of Nile tilapia fed with broad bean diets. Contrastingly, some improvements were found in WGR and SGR, but a lower FCR was obtained. The supplementation of broad beans weakened the antioxidant capacity of fish but did not influence liver health and the immune system. Increasing the amount of broad bean addition can increase muscle quality values, and an embrittling functional package being added to the diet can also improve muscle hardness, adhesiveness, and chewiness of Nile tilapia muscle. In addition, the crisping functional package can be applied to tilapia crisping formulated feed, which helps to improve the integrity of the intestinal tissue structure and optimize the intestinal microbiota of Nile tilapia. The final achievement of this study is to provide a theoretical reference for optimizing the breeding technology of crispy Nile tilapia and developing a specialized crisping diet for the species.

Effects of Five Lipid Sources on Growth, Hematological Parameters, Immunity and Muscle Quality in Juvenile Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)

“…Combined with these findings, it is indicated that FO, SO and RO could increase muscle hardness and springiness by decreasing Cath-B and Cath-L amounts in largemouth bass (Figure 7). In addition, hardness and chewiness are also closely related to muscle fiber diameter and density [96]. Our results found that there was a higher muscle fiber density and smaller muscle fiber diameter, as well as greater muscle hardness in the dorsal muscle of the FO, SO and RO trial groups, which is similar to previous results in glass carp [97] and Nile tilapia [96].…”

“…In addition, hardness and chewiness are also closely related to muscle fiber diameter and density [ 96 ]. Our results found that there was a higher muscle fiber density and smaller muscle fiber diameter, as well as greater muscle hardness in the dorsal muscle of the FO, SO and RO trial groups, which is similar to previous results in glass carp [ 97 ] and Nile tilapia [ 96 ].…”

“…In addition, hardness and chewiness are also closely related to muscle fiber diameter and density [ 96 ]. Our results found that there was a higher muscle fiber density and smaller muscle fiber diameter, as well as greater muscle hardness in the dorsal muscle of the FO, SO and RO trial groups, which is similar to previous results in glass carp [ 97 ] and Nile tilapia [ 96 ]. In addition, similar to results obtained in striped bass [ 98 ], we also found higher hardness and chewiness, higher muscle fiber density and a smaller diameter in the dorsal muscle of the FO, SO and RO groups, which indicates that FO, SO and RO could also improve muscle hardness and chewiness by modulating the muscle fiber density and diameter in largemouth bass ( Figure 7 ) [ 94 , 98 ].…”

“…In addition, hardness and chewiness are also closely related to muscle fiber diameter and density [96]. Our results found that there was a higher muscle fiber density and smaller muscle fiber diameter, as well as greater muscle hardness in the dorsal muscle of the FO, SO and RO trial groups, which is similar to previous results in glass carp [97] and Nile tilapia [96]. In addition, similar to results obtained in striped bass [98], we also found Altered muscle fatty acid profiles could impact lipid muscle odor derived from volatile flavor compounds, including aldehyde and ketone molecules, which are mainly generated from the oxidation and decomposition of PUFAs in the muscle [21].…”