Effects of brevetoxin exposure on the immune system of loggerhead sea turtles

Walsh, Catherine J.; Leggett, Stephanie R.; Carter, Barbara J.; Colle, Clarence F.

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.12.014

Cited by 66 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Likewise, a significant reduction in lysozyme activity was observed in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) after 10 days exposure to a sublethal concentration of atrazine (Kreutz et al 2010). In loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta), serum lysozyme activity was positively correlated with brevetoxin concentrations measured in the blood of rescued turtles that suffered a red tide toxin exposure (Walsh et al 2010). Conversely, in the same species, lysozyme activity was significantly but negatively correlated with whole blood concentrations of organochlorine (OC).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effect of atrazine on immunocompetence of red-eared slider turtle(Trachemys scripta)

Soltanian

2016

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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The impact of agrichemicals on aquatic vertebrate species has been a matter of increasing concern to researchers and environmentalist. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of atrazine (ATZ), a worldwide used herbicide, on some immune parameters of red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta). Twentyfour turtles (2 years old) were randomly distributed in four groups. Three groups were intraperitoneally injected once with one of three different doses of atrazine (0.01, 0.1 or 1.0 ng/g body mass), while one was maintained as control (saline injected). Blood samples were taken 1-and 2-week post-treatment. A positive correlation was found between atrazine (high dose) concentration and immunosuppressive effects as evidenced by lowered serum complement and lysozyme activities, reduced leucocyte number as well as their phagocytic activity and increased heterophil/lymphocyte ratio. These data demonstrate that turtles with elevated atrazine exposure exhibit immunomodulation. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effect of atrazine on immunocompetence of red-eared slider turtle(Trachemys scripta)

Soltanian

2016

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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“…In one study in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta), serum lysozyme activity was positively correlated with brevetoxin concentrations measured in the blood of rescued turtles that suffered through a red tide toxin exposure (Walsh et al, 2010). Conversely, in the same species, lysozyme activity was significantly but negatively correlated with whole blood concentrations of organochlorine (OC).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of diazinon on some innate resistance parameters in the Caspian pond turtle (Mauremys caspica caspica)

Soltanian¹,

Fallahi²,

Fereidouni³

2018

BJVM

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“…Herein, we describe the development of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays to measure differential transcript levels of multiple genes in the desert tortoise. The genes described are fundamental to immune function (Cray et al 2009;Zhou et al 2008Zhou et al , 2011Li et al 2011), responses to pathogens (Kibenge et al 2005;Zhou et al 2008), nutritional and thermal stress (Otero et al 2005;Iwama et al 1999;Tsan and Gao 2004), shell formation (Chen et al 2012), xenobiotic metabolism (Walsh et al 2010;OeschBartlomowicz and Oesch 2005), and tumorigenesis (Zhou et al 2008) (Table 1). Measurement of differential transcription of a selected suite of genes potentially can provide an early warning of compromised health and related environmental stressors in free-ranging animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Integrating Gene Transcription-Based Biomarkers to Understand Desert Tortoise and Ecosystem Health

et al. 2015

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Tortoises are susceptible to a wide variety of environmental stressors, and the influence of human disturbances on health and survival of tortoises is difficult to detect. As an addition to current diagnostic methods for desert tortoises, we have developed the first leukocyte gene transcription biomarker panel for the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii), enhancing the ability to identify specific environmental conditions potentially linked to declining animal health. Blood leukocyte transcript profiles have the potential to identify physiologically stressed animals in lieu of clinical signs. For desert tortoises, the gene transcript profile included a combination of immune or detoxification response genes with the potential to be modified by biological or physical injury and consequently provide information on the type and magnitude of stressors present in the animal's habitat. Blood from 64 wild adult tortoises at three sites in Clark County, NV, and San Bernardino, CA, and from 19 captive tortoises in Clark County, NV, was collected and evaluated for genes indicative of physiological status. Statistical analysis using a priori groupings indicated significant differences among groups for several genes, while multidimensional scaling and cluster analyses of transcription C T values indicated strong differentiation of a large cluster and multiple outlying individual tortoises or small clusters in multidimensional space. These analyses highlight the effectiveness of the gene panel at detecting environmental perturbations as well as providing guidance in determining the health of the desert tortoise.

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Effects of brevetoxin exposure on the immune system of loggerhead sea turtles

Cited by 66 publications

References 53 publications

Effect of atrazine on immunocompetence of red-eared slider turtle(Trachemys scripta)

Effect of atrazine on immunocompetence of red-eared slider turtle(Trachemys scripta)

Effects of diazinon on some innate resistance parameters in the Caspian pond turtle (Mauremys caspica caspica)

Integrating Gene Transcription-Based Biomarkers to Understand Desert Tortoise and Ecosystem Health

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