Effects of breeder age, broiler strain, and eggshell temperature on development and physiological status of embryos and hatchlings

Nangsuay, A.; Meíjerhof, R.; Anker, I. van den; Heetkamp, M.J.W.; Morita, Viviane de Souza; Kemp, B.; Brand, H. van den

doi:10.3382/ps/pew080

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This is related to the higher weight of both yolk and albumen, with a greater proportion of yolk and a smaller proportion of albumen noted with the increase of the breeder age (Kontecka, Nowaczewski, Sierszuła, & Witkiewicz, 2012;Ulmer-Franco et al, 2010). Even when eggs of the same weight were compared, the proportion of yolk was higher in older breeder ages; whereas the proportion of albumen was lower (Nangsuay et al, 2016;Yannakopoulos, Tserveni-Gousi, & Nikokyri, 1994). The increase of the yolk weight with breeder age has been related to the rate of synthesis and deposition of lipoproteins.…”

Section: Breeder Age Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

Egg storage and breeder age impact on egg quality and embryo development

Nasri

Brand

Najjar

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Prolonged hatching egg storage (>7 days) influences internal egg quality and embryo survival during both storage and subsequent incubation. Moreover, effects of storage of hatching eggs interact with the breeder age. The aim of this review was to investigate how this interaction between storage duration and breeder age affects egg, embryo, hatchling and chicken characteristics. Prolonged storage resulted in a reduction in egg quality in both young and old breeders. This reduction was more pronounced in young flocks than in older flocks. For example, albumen pH increased more after 8 days of storage in younger flocks than in older flocks. Additionally, the embryonic morphological stage appears to increase as well with storage duration, but this increase is again more pronounced in younger flocks than in older flocks. Short storage (<7 days) seems to increase hatchability of eggs from young breeders, probably as a result of albumen liquefaction with consequently better oxygen availability for the embryo. However, long storage (>7 days) resulted in a decline in hatchability, which was stronger in older breeders than in younger breeders. Prolonged storage duration resulted in lower chicken quality in both young and old breeders, but interaction between storage duration and breeder age on multiple chicken quality parameters is not clear. Based on this review, it can be concluded that (a) Short storage can improve hatchability of eggs from young breeders, but not from older breeders. (b) Negative impact of long storage appears to be lower with young breeders than with old breeders. (c) Adapted storage conditions related to the age of breeders might be an option to reduce negative effects of prolonged storage on hatching egg quality and chicken quality.

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Section: Breeder Age Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

Egg storage and breeder age impact on egg quality and embryo development

Nasri

Brand

Najjar

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…Nest attentiveness is likely the primary mode by which birds mediate incubation temperatures, and decreases in nest attentiveness are known to impact nestling development and survival in a number of ways, including: (1) extending the development period, thereby prolonging the time a nest is susceptible to predation (Martin, ), (2) reducing hatching success and survival of young (DuRant, Hepp, Moore, Hopkins, & Hopkins, ), and (3) retarding morphological development of nestlings (Nord & Nilsson, ; Webb, ). There has been substantial work on the effects of incubation temperature in the poultry industry related to various aspects of pre‐ and posthatch development and physiology (e.g., Hulet, Gladys, Hill, Meijerhod, & El‐Shiekh, ; Leksrisompong, Romero‐Sanchez, Plumstead, Bannan, & Brake, ; Michels, Geers, & Muambi, ; Nangsuay et al., ); however, research on wild birds is more limited. Much of the work on incubation temperature in wild birds has focused on cavity‐nesting species, and/or species with precocial offspring (DuRant et al., ; Hepp, Kennamer, & Johnson, ; Nord & Nilsson, ), primarily because species with these life‐history traits are amenable to temperature manipulation studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incubation temperature impacts nestling growth and survival in an open‐cup nesting passerine

Ospina

Merrill

Benson

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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For oviparous species such as birds, conditions experienced while in the egg can have long‐lasting effects on the individual. The impact of subtle changes in incubation temperature on nestling development, however, remains poorly understood, especially for open‐cup nesting species with altricial young. To investigate how incubation temperature affects nestling development and survival in such species, we artificially incubated American robin (Turdus migratorius) eggs at 36.1°C (“Low” treatment) and 37.8°C (“High” treatment). Chicks were fostered to same‐age nests upon hatching, and we measured mass, tarsus, and wing length of experimental nestlings and one randomly selected, naturally incubated (“Natural”), foster nest‐mate on days 7 and 10 posthatch. We found significant effects of incubation temperature on incubation duration, growth, and survival, in which experimentally incubated nestlings had shorter incubation periods (10.22, 11.50, and 11.95 days for High, Low, and Natural eggs, respectively), and nestlings from the Low treatment were smaller and had reduced survival compared to High and Natural nestlings. These results highlight the importance of incubation conditions during embryonic development for incubation duration, somatic development, and survival. Moreover, these findings indicate that differences in incubation temperature within the natural range of variation can have important carryover effects on growth and survival in species with altricial young.

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“…High EST in the end of incubation reduces hatchability due to the high late mortality, hatchling weight (Willemsen et al, 2010) and chick quality (French, 2000). Nangsuay et al (2016) observed lower total…”

Section: Experiments Ii-60-week-old Breedersmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…High EST in the end of incubation reduces hatchability due to the high late mortality, hatchling weight (Willemsen et al, ) and chick quality (French, ). Nangsuay et al () observed lower total LGly at E18 in embryos subjected to EST of 38.9°C than eggs with 37.8°C EST, particularly in embryos of old breeders (53 weeks old) incubated at 38.9°C EST. Therefore, the machine settings used in the current experiment may have exposed the heavy eggs to high temperature, which may explain the lower HF eggs of older breeders' eggs and especially the HF of the heavy ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Glycerol in ovo feeding as an energy substrate improves performance of broilers from young breeders

Pont

Goes

Silva

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Glycerol is one of the substrates used for glycogen production by the chicken embryo, which is the predominant energy source during the last days of incubation and during hatching. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the in ovo feeding (IOF) of glycerol in the light and heavy broiler eggs derived from breeders of two different ages. Two experiments, with 672 eggs each, were carried out. The only difference between the experiments was breeder age: 32 weeks old in Exp. I and 60 weeks old in Exp. II. A completely randomized experimental design in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement was applied. Treatments consisted of three glycerol IOF doses (0, 6, or 12 mg/ml) and two egg weights (light or heavy). Incubation parameters, glycogen reserves and live performance parameters (1–7 days of age) were evaluated. Hatch of fertile eggs, embryo mortality after IOF and the number of early‐hatching chicks were not affected by the treatments in both experiments. Hatchlings from heavy eggs (68.03 ± 0.64 g) laid by young breeders and receiving 6 mg glycerol/ml showed higher liver glycogen levels than those injected with 0 or 12 mg/ml. Glycerol IOF of embryos from young breeders increased feed intake and weight gain at 7 days of age, independently of egg weight. However, different glycerol dosages had no effect on the performance of the progeny of 60‐week‐old breeders. These results show that glycerol may be used as an IOF ingredient without affecting incubation parameters. The chickens from young breeders had greater glycogen deposition with inoculation of 6 mg/ml of glycerol and better performance with glycerol administration. However, glycerol IOF did not improve the performance of the progeny of 60‐week‐old breeders. Therefore, glycogen IOF may be recommended for eggs laid by young breeders.

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Effects of breeder age, broiler strain, and eggshell temperature on development and physiological status of embryos and hatchlings

Cited by 38 publications

References 27 publications

Egg storage and breeder age impact on egg quality and embryo development

Egg storage and breeder age impact on egg quality and embryo development

Incubation temperature impacts nestling growth and survival in an open‐cup nesting passerine

Glycerol in ovo feeding as an energy substrate improves performance of broilers from young breeders

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