Effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on optic axon branching and remodelling in vivo

Cohen-Cory, Susana; Fraser, Scott E.

doi:10.1038/378192a0

Cited by 544 publications

(398 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…With respect to the presence of multiple growth factors in RA, it is important to recognize that RA shows a complex assortment of developmental changes during song learning, including rapid overall growth that is attributable to a substantial increase in the size and spacing of neuronal somata and the delayed arrival of new axons from another cortical song region, HVC (Bottjer et al, 1985(Bottjer et al, , 1986Konishi and Akutagawa, 1985;Nordeen and Nordeen, 1988;Kirn and DeVoogd, 1989;Akutagawa and Konishi, 1994). Because neurotrophins have been shown recently to regulate the growth of somata, dendritic arbors, and axon terminals (Cabelli et al, 1995;Cohen-Cory andFraser, 1995, McAllister et al, 1995;Riddle et al, 1995), it seems likely that multiple anterograde, retrograde, and auto/paracrine signaling pathways could be involved in orchestrating the overall growth and development of RA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotrophins Suppress Apoptosis Induced by Deafferentation of an Avian Motor-Cortical Region

et al. 1997

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Studies of the developing nervous system led to the general view that growth factors promote neuronal survival in a "retrograde" manner. For example, release of NGF from postsynaptic peripheral targets followed by uptake and retrograde transport by presynaptic neurons provided a widely accepted conceptual framework for the action of neurotrophins. In contrast, although presynaptic or "anterograde" influences on the survival of developing neurons have been recognized for some time, the mechanisms by which afferent input regulates the survival of postsynaptic cells have received considerably less attention. In the forebrain network for learned vocal behavior in zebra finches, lesions of a cortical region for song control, the lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior neostriatum (lMAN), remove presynaptic input to a motor-cortical song region, the robust nucleus of the archistriatum (RA), and cause massive RA neuron death in young birds that are entering the sensitive period for song learning. Here we report that lesions of lMAN followed by infusions of neurotrophins directly into RA completely suppress neuronal apoptosis in RA. Moreover, we show that lMAN neurons are able to transport neurotrophins in the anterograde direction to RA, that neurotrophin-like immunoreactivity is present in cells in lMAN and RA, and that neurotrophin receptor-like immunoreactivity is present in RA. Expression of neurotrophins in lMAN and RA suggests that lMAN presynaptic input could regulate RA neuron survival by synthesizing, transporting, and releasing neurotrophins anterogradely or by regulating the auto/paracrine release of neurotrophins within RA, or perhaps by both. These data provide the first in vivo demonstration that neurotrophins can prevent the death of deafferented cortical neurons, and they raise the possibility that nonretrograde signaling by neurotrophins may be a common means of promoting neuronal survival in the vertebrate telencephalon. Anterograde and auto/ paracrine neurotrophin signaling, along with the more established view that neurotrophins regulate neuron survival via retrograde mechanisms, suggests multidirectional neurotrophin signaling in the vertebrate telencephalon.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotrophins Suppress Apoptosis Induced by Deafferentation of an Avian Motor-Cortical Region

et al. 1997

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“…Neurotrophins, in particular BDNF, have profound modulatory effects on the growth, remodeling and stability of dendrites and axons in hippocampal, cortical and cerebellar neurons (Cohen-Cory and Fraser, 1995;McAllister et al, 1996;McAllister et al, 1997;Alsina et al, 2001). By increasing the complexity of axonal and dendritic arbors, neurotrophins increase the number of potential contact sites between pre-and postsynaptic neurons and thereby modulate the density of synaptic innervation.…”

Section: Neurotrophins As Synaptic Modulators: Presynaptic Terminal Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotrophin signaling among neurons and glia during formation of tripartite synapses

Elmariah

Hughes

et al. 2004

Neuron Glia Biol.

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Synapse formation in the CNS is a complex process that involves the dynamic interplay of numerous signals exchanged between pre-and postsynaptic neurons as well as perisynaptic glia. Members of the neurotrophin family, which are widely expressed in the developing and mature CNS and are wellknown for their roles in promoting neuronal survival and differentiation, have emerged as key synaptic modulators. However, the mechanisms by which neurotrophins modulate synapse formation and function are poorly understood. Here, we summarize our work on the role of neurotrophins in synaptogenesis in the CNS, in particular the role of these signaling molecules and their receptors, the Trks, in the development of excitatory and inhibitory hippocampal synapses. We discuss our results that demonstrate that postsynaptic TrkB signaling plays an important role in modulating the formation and maintenance of NMDA and GABAA receptor clusters at central synapses, and suggest that neurotrophin signaling coordinately modulates these receptors as part of mechanism that promotes the balance between excitation and inhibition in developing circuits. We also discuss our results that demonstrate that astrocytes promote the formation of GABAergic synapses in vitro by differentially regulating the development of inhibitory presynaptic terminals and postsynaptic GABAA receptor clusters, and suggest that glial modulation of inhibitory synaptogenesis is mediated by neurotrophin-dependent and -independent signaling. Together, these findings extend our understanding of how neuron-glia communication modulates synapse formation, maintenance and function, and set the stage for defining the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which neurotrophins and other cell-cell signals direct synaptogenesis in the developing brain.

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“…A role for activity-influenced changes in expression or uptake of growth factors has been suggested (Katz and Shatz, 1996) in the establishment of terminal axonal branching (C abelli et al, 1995;Cohen-Cory and Fraser, 1995) and regulation of synaptic strengths (L ohof et al, 1993;Kang and Schuman, 1995;Figurov et al, 1996). Vibrissa stimulation in mice, for example, leads to increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in S1 (Rocamora et al, 1996).…”

Section: Possible Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Effects of Abnormal Tactile Experience on Shaping Representation Patterns in Developing and Adult Motor Cortex

Huntley

1997

J. Neurosci.

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This study investigates the influence of early somatosensory experience on shaping movement representation patterns in motor cortex. Electrical microstimulation was used to map bilaterally the motor cortices of adult rats subjected to altered tactile experience by unilateral vibrissa trimming from birth (birth-trimmed group) or for comparable periods that began in adulthood (adult-trimmed group). Findings demonstrated that (1) vibrissa trimming from birth, but not when initiated in adulthood, led to a significantly smaller-sized primary motor cortex (M1) vibrissa representation in the hemisphere contralateral to the trimmed vibrissae, with no evidence for concomitant changes in size of the adjacent forelimb representation or the representation of the intact vibrissae in the opposite (ipsilateral) hemisphere; (2) in the contralateral hemispheres of the birthtrimmed group, an abnormal pattern of evoked vibrissa movement was evident in which bilateral or ipsilateral (intact) vibrissa movement predominated; (3) in both hemispheres of the birthtrimmed group, current thresholds for eliciting movement of the trimmed vibrissa were significantly lower than normal; and (4) in the adult-trimmed group, but not in the birth-trimmed group, there was a decrease bilaterally in the relative frequency of dual forelimb-vibrissa sites that form the common border between these representations. These results show that sensory experience early in life exerts a significant influence in sculpting motor representation patterns in M1. The mature motor cortex is more resistant to the type and magnitude of influence that tactile experience has on developing M1, which may indicate that such an influence is constrained by a developmentally regulated critical period.

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Effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on optic axon branching and remodelling in vivo

Cited by 544 publications

References 29 publications

Neurotrophins Suppress Apoptosis Induced by Deafferentation of an Avian Motor-Cortical Region

Neurotrophins Suppress Apoptosis Induced by Deafferentation of an Avian Motor-Cortical Region

Neurotrophin signaling among neurons and glia during formation of tripartite synapses

Differential Effects of Abnormal Tactile Experience on Shaping Representation Patterns in Developing and Adult Motor Cortex

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