Effects of bottom topography on dynamics of river discharges in tidal regions: case study of twin plumes in Taiwan Strait

Korotenko, Konstantin A.; Osadchiev, Alexander; Zavialov, Peter; Kao, Ruey-Chy; Ding, Chung-Feng

doi:10.5194/os-10-863-2014

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Turbid regions associated with river plumes are adjacent to river estuaries and deltas. Spatial and temporal variability of these regions is defined mainly by river discharge rate, turbidity of river water, and local wind forcing [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. Coastal erosion in the Laptev and East-Siberian seas is extremely intense due to active thermal abrasion.…”

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confidence: 99%

Wind-Driven Coastal Upwelling near Large River Deltas in the Laptev and East-Siberian Seas

2020

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The Lena, Kolyma, and Indigirka rivers are among the largest rivers that inflow to the Arctic Ocean. Their discharges form a freshened surface water mass over a wide area in the Laptev and East-Siberian seas and govern many local physical, geochemical, and biological processes. In this study we report coastal upwelling events that are regularly manifested on satellite imagery by increased sea surface turbidity and decreased sea surface temperature at certain areas adjacent to the Lena Delta in the Laptev Sea and the Kolyma and Indigirka deltas in the East-Siberian Sea. These events are formed under strong easterly and southeasterly wind forcing and are estimated to occur during up to 10%-30% of ice-free periods at the study region. Coastal upwelling events induce intense mixing of the Lena, Kolyma, and Indigirka plumes with subjacent saline sea. These plumes are significantly transformed and diluted while spreading over the upwelling areas; therefore, their salinity and depths abruptly increase, while stratification abruptly decreases in the vicinity of their sources. This feature strongly affects the structure of the freshened surface layer during ice-free periods and, therefore, influences circulation, ice formation, and many other processes at the Laptev and East-Siberian seas.Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 844 2 of 25 seas and are among the largest freshwater reservoirs in the Arctic Ocean [17][18][19][20]. Spreading and transformation of these river plumes determine vertical stratification and, therefore, strongly affect circulation and ice formation in the Laptev and East-Siberian seas, as well as many other physical, geochemical, and biological processes [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].In this study we focus on upwelling events which regularly occur at coastal areas adjacent to the deltas of the Lena, Kolyma, and Indigirka rivers. Surface manifestations of these upwelling events are visible on ocean color satellite imagery due to elevated turbidity and on sea surface temperature (SST) satellite imagery due to reduced temperature. However, correct identification of the origin of SST and turbidity features observed on satellite imagery is not a straightforward task. SST features in the study region are formed as a result of interaction between water masses with different temperature, namely, warm river plumes and cold saline sea water, and are associated with spreading of river plumes, mixing of surface layer with subjacent sea, and ice melting. Areas of elevated sea surface turbidity in coastal and shelf regions are commonly associated with four different processes: spreading of turbid river plumes, coastal erosion, resuspension of bottom sediments penetrated to sea surface, and algal blooms [33]. The first three processes are common features of the Laptev and East-Siberian seas [25,27,34,35], while algal blooms do not occur in these seas [32,[36][37][38]. Turbid regions associated with river plumes are adjacent to river estuaries and deltas. Spatial and temporal variability of these regions is def...

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Wind-Driven Coastal Upwelling near Large River Deltas in the Laptev and East-Siberian Seas

2020

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“…The main advantage of STRiPE lies in its ability to provide realistic results at relatively low computational cost as compared to Eulerian models. The general description of the STRiPE model and some results of its implementation for simulating river plumes in the Black Sea and the South China Sea can be found in Osadchiev and Zavialov (2013) and Korotenko et al (2014).…”

Section: Numerical Simulation Of River Plume Spreadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A method for quantifying freshwater discharge rates from satellite observations and Lagrangian numerical modeling of river plumes

Osadchiev

2015

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Satellite remote sensing is an efficient tool for identifying buoyant river plumes in the coastal ocean that are formed by the interaction between river discharge and ambient seawater. A new method for reconstructing the volume rates of river discharge based on the shape, extent and orientation of plumes is described that combines the output from a Lagrangian numerical model and analyses of satellite imagery. At the first step in the procedure, a high resolution satellite image is used to identify the river plume. The spatial characteristics of the plume as seen in the image are not determined solely by the current river discharge rate, as they also depend on the hydrographic features in the sea and atmospheric forcing. A previously developed and validated hydrodynamic model for river plumes is run with a variety of forcing conditions to identify the discharge rate that provides the best match between modeled and observed plumes. The method can be applied to estimate indirectly discharge from small rivers and streams, many of which lack direct measurements. Here it has been applied and validated against in situ data for two rivers feeding the eastern part of the Black Sea.

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“…Therefore, this approach can be used qualitatively on in situ data to investigate the competing processes responsible for changing the stratification. Korotenko (2012) and Korotenko et al (2014) show that vertical mixing due to tide, wind, waves and bottom topography is important for the vertical density structure. They show that bottom topography (a 5 m deep plateau) can play an important role for producing turbulence.…”

Section: Two Parallel Transectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, their studies indicate that a bulk mixing parameterization, such as we applied here, is a rough approximation. However, de Boer et al (2008) used a second-order turbulence model (k-epsilon) in a similar fashion to Korotenko et al (2014) (Mellor-Yamada) to calculate vertical turbulent mixing. In this study, found that the influence of vertical mixing is much smaller than the influence of tidal straining on the evolution of stratification during a tidal cycle.…”

Section: Two Parallel Transectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous measurements of tidal straining and advection at two parallel transects far downstream in the Rhine ROFI

Rijnsburger

Hout

Tongeren³

et al. 2016

Ocean Dynamics

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This study identifies and unravels the processes that lead to stratification and destratification in the far field of a Region of Freshwater Influence (ROFI). We present measurements that are novel for two reasons: (1) measurements were carried out with two vessels that sailed simultaneously over two cross-shore transects; (2) the measurements were carried out in the far field of the Rhine ROFI, 80 km downstream from the river mouth. This unique four dimensional dataset allows the application of the 3D potential energy anomaly equation for one of the first times on field data. With this equation, the relative importance of the depth mean advection, straining and nonlinear processes over one tidal cycle is assessed. The data shows that the Rhine ROFI extends 80 km downstream and periodic stratification is observed. The analysis not only shows the Van Oord, Rotterdam, The Netherlands important role of cross-shore tidal straining but also the significance of along-shore straining and depth mean advection. In addition, the nonlinear terms seem to be small. The presence of all the terms influences the timing of maximum stratification. The analysis also shows that the importance of each term varies in the cross-shore direction. One of the most interesting findings is that the data are not inline with several hypotheses on the functioning of straining and advection in ROFIs. This highlights the dynamic behaviour of the Rhine ROFI, which is valuable for understanding the distribution of fine sediments, contaminants and the protection of coasts.

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Effects of bottom topography on dynamics of river discharges in tidal regions: case study of twin plumes in Taiwan Strait

Cited by 24 publications

References 68 publications

Wind-Driven Coastal Upwelling near Large River Deltas in the Laptev and East-Siberian Seas

Wind-Driven Coastal Upwelling near Large River Deltas in the Laptev and East-Siberian Seas

A method for quantifying freshwater discharge rates from satellite observations and Lagrangian numerical modeling of river plumes

Simultaneous measurements of tidal straining and advection at two parallel transects far downstream in the Rhine ROFI

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