Effects of body mass index-related disorders on cognition: preliminary results

Yesavage, Jerome A.; Kinoshita, Lisa M.; Noda, Art; Lazzeroni, Laura C.; Fairchild, J. Kaci; Taylor, Joy L.; Kulick, Doina; Friedman, Leah; Cheng, Jun; Zeitzer, Jamie M.; O’Hara, Ruth

doi:10.2147/dmso.s60294

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Although the present study did not directly compare the impact of hypertension to obesity, we found an interaction between ethnicity and increased BMI on working memory, and a similar pattern between ethnicity and hypertension on task switching. Among samples of predominantly non-Hispanic whites and even predominantly Hispanic samples, hypertension tends to be a more robust predictor of cognition than obesity (Nilsson and Nilsson 2009;Levin et al 2014;Yesavage et al 2014). For example, among the ethnically diverse Northern Manhattan Study sample, blood pressure was the most robust cardiovascular predictor of executive functioning, even after controlling for other cardiovascular risk factors, whereas obesity failed to predict cognition when other cardiovascular risk factors were taken into account.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The impact of cardiovascular risk factors on cognition in Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites

et al. 2019

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Among non-Hispanic whites, cardiovascular risk factors are associated with increased mortality and poorer cognition. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among aging Hispanics is also high and Hispanics generally have poorer access to healthcare, yet they tend to have advantageous cardiovascular disease rates and outcomes and live longer than non-Hispanic whites, an epidemiological phenomenon commonly referred to as the Hispanic or Latino health paradox. Although robust data support these ethnic benefits on physical health and mortality, it is unknown if it extends to include cognition resilience advantages in older adulthood. The present study compared relationships between cardiovascular risk and cognition (executive functions and episodic memory) in late middle age and older Hispanics (n = 87) and non-Hispanic whites (n = 81). Participants were selected from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative databases. Hispanics and non-Hispanic white groups were matched on age (50-94 yr, mean age = 72 yr), education, gender, cognitive status (i.e., cognitively healthy versus mildly cognitively impaired), and apolipoprotein E4 status. History of hypertension and higher body mass index were both associated with poorer executive functions among Hispanics but not non-Hispanic whites. Our findings suggest greater vulnerability to impairments in executive functions among Hispanics with hypertension and obesity, contrary to the notion of a Hispanic health paradox for cognitive aging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The impact of cardiovascular risk factors on cognition in Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites

et al. 2019

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“…In one study, individuals with higher BMI performed worst in neurocognitive tests independently of the presence of risk factors such as diabetes or dyslipidemia (Cournot et al, 2006 ). However, these data are not reproducibly among different cohorts and even contradictory findings have been reported (Santos et al, 2014 ; Smith et al, 2014 ; Yesavage et al, 2014 ). This raises the question about the true role of anthropometric parameters to predict both mood and cognition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Adult Body Height Is a Good Predictor of Different Dimensions of Cognitive Function in Aged Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study

Pereira

Costa

Santos

et al. 2016

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Background: Adult height, weight, and adiposity measures have been suggested by some studies to be predictors of depression, cognitive impairment, and dementia. However, the presence of confounding factors and the lack of a thorough neuropsychological evaluation in many of these studies have precluded a definitive conclusion about the influence of anthropometric measures in cognition and depression. In this study we aimed to assess the value of height, weight, and abdominal perimeter to predict cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms in aged individuals.Methods and Findings: Cross-sectional study performed between 2010 and 2012 in the Portuguese general community. A total of 1050 participants were included in the study and randomly selected from local area health authority registries. The cohort was representative of the general Portuguese population with respect to age (above 50 years of age) and gender. Cognitive function was assessed using a battery of tests grouped in two dimensions: general executive function and memory. Two-step hierarchical multiple linear regression models were conducted to determine the predictive value of anthropometric measures in cognitive performance and mood before and after correction for possible confounding factors (gender, age, school years, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking habits). We found single associations of weight, height, body mass index, abdominal perimeter, and age with executive function, memory and depressive symptoms. However, when included in a predictive model adjusted for gender, age, school years, and lifestyle factors only height prevailed as a significant predictor of general executive function (β = 0.139; p < 0.001) and memory (β = 0.099; p < 0.05). No relation was found between mood and any of the anthropometric measures studied.Conclusions and Relevance: Height is an independent predictor of cognitive function in late-life and its effects on the general and executive function and memory are independent of age, weight, education level, gender, and lifestyle factors. Altogether, our data suggests that modulators of adult height during childhood may irreversibly contribute to cognitive function in adult life and that height should be used in models to predict cognitive performance.

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“…Although the impact of a high BMI on the body of excess is well known and widely studied (Bhurosy & Jeewon, 2014;Moges, Amare, Fantahumand, & Kassu, 2014;Olaiz, Rivera, & Shamah, 2006), and similarly its impacts on health (Zera, McGirr, & Oken, 2011), little is known about the consequences of being overweight or obese on cognitive function (Yesavage et al, 2014). The diverse studies that have linked BMI to cognitive function observe that obesity in old age is associated with lower cognitive scores (Sabia, Kivimaki, Shipley, Marmot, & Singh-Manoux, 2009;Dahl Aslan, Starr, Pattie, & Deary, 2014), but the association between these variables in aging is not yet fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive Functions Correlated with Body Mass Index in Overweight Middle-Aged Women

Solís¹,

Gutiérrez-Muñoz²,

Morado-Crespo³

et al. 2016

PSYCH

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The impacts of excess Body mass index (BMI) on physical health are well known and widely studied, but little is known about the consequences of being overweight or obese on cognitive function. The aim of this study was to correlate the BMI with executive functions in overweight middleaged women. Seventy overweight middle-aged women between 48 and 64 years of age who are otherwise healthy participated in the study. Demographic and anthropometric variables were evaluated. Four standard neuropsychological tests were applied to assess executive functions, sustained attention, selective attention, and verbal fluency. The mean BMI of the participants was 29.35 and was negatively correlated with categories reached (r = −0.41, p = 0.007) and positively correlated with the number of errors (r = 0.43, p = 0.005) of executive function test. Scores of other neuropsychological tests applied showed no correlation with BMI. These findings suggest that BMI impacts the executive functions in overweight women who do not present any signs of disease.

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Effects of body mass index-related disorders on cognition: preliminary results

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

The impact of cardiovascular risk factors on cognition in Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites

The impact of cardiovascular risk factors on cognition in Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites

Adult Body Height Is a Good Predictor of Different Dimensions of Cognitive Function in Aged Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study

Executive Functions Correlated with Body Mass Index in Overweight Middle-Aged Women

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