Effects of black scurf (<i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>) on potatoes

Hide, G. A.; Hirst, J. M.; Stedman, O. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1973.tb07733.x

Cited by 43 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Similar yield decreases were found in earlier experiments when whole plots comprised healthy or diseased plants (Hide et al 1973;Griffith et al 1974;Adams & Lapwood 1983) and these reflected both the extent of damage done to the seed tubers or growing plants and their ability to withstand and compensate for damage. The diseases also altered tuber size, and losses in ware yield were respectively 26, 50 and 2%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

The yield of potato plants as affected by stem canker (Rhizoctonia solani), blackleg (Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica) and by neighbouring plants

et al. 1996

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Potato seed tubers inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani and Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica, to induce stem canker and blackleg respectively, were planted with uninoculated seed tubers in field experiments designed to measure the effects of the diseases and of neighbouring plants on tuber yield. Gaps were also included. The plant variables total and ware (> 150 g) yields and tuber numbers were affected by disease, and also by competition from the two plants on either side in the same row (first neighbours), and increased as competition from neighbouring plants decreased. Plants adjacent to the first neighbours also influenced yields of plants with stem canker but those in adjacent rows did not have a significant effect with either disease. Both diseases altered the tuber size distributions, which were also modified by neighbouring plants. The data were used to predict total and ware yields for crops containing different proportions of healthy, diseased and missing plants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

The yield of potato plants as affected by stem canker (Rhizoctonia solani), blackleg (Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica) and by neighbouring plants

et al. 1996

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“…However, previous research has not identified the most significant source of inoculum. Some studies have shown that seed inoculum is more important in disease development (Banville 1989;Davis 1977;Hide et al 1973;VanEmden 1965); while other studies have shown that soil inoculum is more important (James and McKenzie 1972;Sanford 1937). Additional research has concluded that total inoculum load from all sources is important to disease development and the relative importance of each source cannot be separated out (Bolkan et al 1974;Frank and Leach 1980;Tsror and Perentz-Alon 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Development of Rhizoctonia solani on Stems, Stolons and Tubers of Potatoes I. Effect of Inoculum Source

Atkinson¹,

Thornton

Miller

2010

Am. J. Pot Res

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Rhizoctonia solani may affect potato growth, yield and grade through lesions on stems and stolons and through development of black scurf on daughter tubers. R. solani inoculum can be found on seed potatoes and in the soil, although the relative importance of each inoculum source is unknown. Field studies at Parma and Aberdeen, Idaho, were conducted in 2004 and 2005 to evaluate the importance of each source of inoculum on the subsequent development of this disease. Seed of cultivars Ranger Russet (2004) and Russet Burbank (2005) was washed and sorted into three (2004) and two (2005) levels of black scurf. Prior to planting, the plots were inoculated with R. solani cultures mixed with vermiculite at low, medium and high rates. Each level of seed inoculum was planted at each level of soil inoculum. Significantly greater levels of disease on stems and stolons was consistently found on plants grown from high inoculum seed compared to low inoculum seed. However, significant effects of soil inoculum level on stem and stolon disease were rarely seen. In contrast, both seed and soil inoculum level influenced the development of black scurf on daughter tubers. The largest response to soil inoculum level was seen when seed inoculum was low.Resumen Rhizoctonia solani puede afectar el crecimiento de la papa, el rendimiento y calidad a través de lesiones en tallos y estolones y por el desarrollo de costras negras en los tubérculos producidos. El inoculo de R. solani se puede encontrar en tubérculo semilla y en el suelo, aunque se desconoce la relativa importancia de cada fuente de inoculo. Durante 2004 y 2005 se condujeron estudios de campo en Parma y Aberdeen, Idaho, para evaluar la importancia de cada fuente de inoculo en el desarrollo subsecuente de esta enfermedad. A semilla de los cultivares Ranger Russet (2004) y Russet Burbank (2005) se les lavó y agrupó en tres (2004) y dos (2005) niveles de costra negra. Antes de plantar, los lotes se inocularon con cultivos de R. solani mezclados con vermiculita a niveles bajo, medio y alto. Cada nivel de inoculo a la semilla se plantó en cada uno de los niveles de inoculo al suelo. Se encontraron consistentemente niveles significativamente mayores de enfermedad en tallos y estolones de plantas que crecieron en altos niveles de inoculo en la semilla comparados con los de niveles bajos. No obstante, raramente se vieron los efectos significativos de los niveles de inoculo en el suelo sobre la enfermedad en tallo y estolón. En contraste, ambos niveles de inoculo en semilla y suelo, influenciaron el desarrollo de la costra negra en los tubérculos generados. La mayor respuesta al nivel de inoculo en el suelo se observó cuando el nivel de inoculo a la semilla era bajo.

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“…When severe, such lesions may girdle the entire circumference, ultimately leading to the pruning of infected stems and stolons. Both stem and stolon canker, therefore, are of economic significance since they can result in malformation of developing daughter tubers (Scholte, 1987), a reduction in yield in some early cultivars (Hide et al, 1989) and uneven emergence that gives rise to non-target size tubers (Hide et al, 1973). Whilst the development of black sclerotia on the skins (black scurf) of harvested tubers has no effect on tuber yield, it can significantly downgrade the marketable value of seed tubers (Jeger et al, 1996) and reduce the saleability of ware to prepack markets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions Between the Potato Cyst Nematode Globodera rostochiensis and Diseases Caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG3 in Potatoes Under Field Conditions

2006

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Findings from 2 years of field experiments investigating the relationship between Globodera rostochiensis and Rhizoctonia solani on unique field sites are reported. In 2000, a field experiment was positioned on land that had previously been used for experimental work investigating integrated potato cyst nematode (PCN) management methods. This study had produced an 'untypical' mosaic of PCN population densities ranging from 5 to 221 eggs g )1 soil. In 2001, the field experiment was conducted on a different field site and overlaid on a focus of G. rostochiensis population densities ranging from 11 to 108 eggs g )1 soil. In each experiment, potatoes (cv. De´sire´e) were grown in plots with similar population densities of G. rostochiensis that were either uninoculated or inoculated with R. solani. A series of potato plant harvests were undertaken to investigate the effects of nematode infestation on the incidence and severity of R. solani diseases and the associated development of plants. In both experiments, a clear relationship was found between the density of G. rostochiensis juveniles present in potato roots and the incidence of stolons infected by R. solani, 6 weeks after planting. For the first time this interaction has been determined under field conditions. The results of the study suggest that the interaction between nematode and fungus is indirect and possible mechanisms are discussed.

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Effects of black scurf (Rhizoctonia solani) on potatoes

Cited by 43 publications

References 5 publications

The yield of potato plants as affected by stem canker (Rhizoctonia solani), blackleg (Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica) and by neighbouring plants

The yield of potato plants as affected by stem canker (Rhizoctonia solani), blackleg (Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica) and by neighbouring plants

Development of Rhizoctonia solani on Stems, Stolons and Tubers of Potatoes I. Effect of Inoculum Source

Interactions Between the Potato Cyst Nematode Globodera rostochiensis and Diseases Caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG3 in Potatoes Under Field Conditions

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