Effects of Biosolids Loading Rate and Sawdust Additions on Row Crop Yield and Nitrate Leaching Potentials in Virginia Sand and Gravel Mine Reclamation

Daniels, W. Lee; Evanylo, Gregory K.; Nagle, S.M.; Schmidt, Jens M.

doi:10.21000/jasmr01010399

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Buffer strips measured I m between replications and 0.5 meter within replications. Zero tension lysimeters were placed 45 cm deep in the center of 15 of the plots (3 replications); their design is described in our companion paper (Daniels et al, 2001). Four different ratios of sawdust to biosolids (S:B) were chosen as amendments, along with a fertilized control.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Optimal Sawdust I Biosolids Mixtures to Manage Nitrate Leaching in Reclaimed Disturbed Soils

Schmidt¹,

Daniels²,

Li³

et al. 2001

ASMR

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Higher than agronomic rates of biosolids are often applied as a soil amendment for reclamation of drastically distnrbed lands. However, at these rates, N0 3 -N leaching can occnr, especially dnring the first winter. Our objective was to determine the effects of adding a high C residue (sawdust) to biosolids on N0 3 -N leaching potentials and associated biomass production. Treatments were applied to a re-graded athletic field area in October 1993 and included a fertilized control and mixtnres of90 Mg/ha biosolids with 0:1, 0.5:1, 1: 1 and 2: 1 ratios of sawdust to biosolids (S:B), giving C:N ratios of 9.4:1, 19:1, 28:1, and 45:1 respectively. Zero-tension lysimeters were used to collect root zone leachates. The plots were seeded with tall fescue (Fescue arundinacea Schreb.). Leachate N0 3 -N concentrations were greatest during the first winter (93/94), with the 0:1 sawdust:biosolids (S:B) averaging> 20 mg/L, while the higher S:B ratios and control remained <10 mg/L. During the second winter ofleaching (94/95), nitrate-N leachate levels decreased markedly relative to the first season, with all treatments averaging< 10 mg/L. Standing biomass collected in May and November of 1994 indicated that the highest rate of sawdust (2: I S:B) suppressed growth relative to the other treatments. While this trend remained visually evident, standing biomass showed no significant treatment effects after subsequent growing seasons. The lower biomass production on the 2: I S:B plots resulted in higher leachate volnrnes, probably due to lower evapotranspiration. This increased volume of leachate resulted in the 2: I S:B treatment generating the highest total N0 3 -N mass loss dnring the first year, but a total N0 3 -N mass loss similar to the other S:B treatments over the dnration of the study. Therefore, moderate additions of high C residues (0.5 -1:1 S:B) can reduce net N0 3 -N losses via enhanced immobilization, while still providing adequate nutrients for plant growth.Additional

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Optimal Sawdust I Biosolids Mixtures to Manage Nitrate Leaching in Reclaimed Disturbed Soils

Schmidt¹,

Daniels²,

Li³

et al. 2001

ASMR

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“…Daniels et al (2001) reported the depth of initial organic-mineral horizons in sandy soils of sand-cast mining in Florida (USA) from 0.5 -5 cm after 10 years.…”

Section: Pietrzykowski and W Krzaklewskimentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil organic matter, C and N accumulation during natural succession and reclamation in an opencast sand quarry (southern Poland)

Pietrzykowski¹,

Krzaklewski²

2007

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science

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The work presents study results on the formation of humus horizons, the accumulation of organic carbon and nitrogen as well as humus composition in successional and reclaimed soils in a sand mine cast in southern Poland. Research plots were designed in chronosequence: 5, 17, 20 and 25 years. Increased thickness of humus horizon and accumulation of organic carbon was reported both in successional soils and in reclaimed soils. However, in corresponding age groups of reclaimed soils these characteristics were two times as high as in successional soils. The estimated accumulation rate of organic carbon (C org ) was three times higher and total nitrogen (N t ) five times higher in reclaimed soils than in successional soils. In both types of soils there was an increase in the amount of carbon trapped with humic and fulvic acid (C Ha þ C Fa ) and structure of humic acids. Studies indicated that reclamation treatment significantly accelerated soil-formation in opencast sand mine.

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“…As is true in many contemporary environmental problems, the rehabilitation of a drastically disturbed terrestrial system, such as lands mined for coal and minerals, requires site-specific knowledge to ensure the reclamation strategies chosen will be sustainable [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In central Europe, a large proportion of post-mining landscapes are reclaimed to forest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) ecosystem macronutrients budget on reclaimed mine sites—stand trees supply and stability

Pietrzykowski¹

2010

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The aim of this study was to determine the sources, accumulation rate and relationships between macronutrients in reclaimed mine soils (RMS) and aboveground plant biomass on external slopes of lignite mines in central Poland. The study was conducted on two different types of sites with 10-year-old Scots (Pinus sylvestris L.) pine stands located on Quaternary loamy sands (QLS) and on Tertiary acidic carboniferous sands following neutralisation (TCS). The control plot was located in the same vicinity on an external slope in a natural pine ecosystem on a Haplic Podzol in a young mixed coniferous forest habitat (NPE). The nutrient resources, apart from N, were higher in RMS than in comparable Haplic Podzols, however, N primarily accumulated in the mineral horizons. In forest soils, the main macronutrient resources were accumulated in organic horizons, which in natural soils of coniferous forest habitats constitute the main source of nutrients. The proportion of individual macronutrients accumulated in the biomass vs. pools in soil was much lower on the external slope RMS than in the natural site, which in view of the potential richness of RMS, indicated poorer sorption and utilization of macronutrients in aboveground plant biomass than in natural habitats. Other important linear correlations (p = .05) were found between the sources of nutrients in RMS and elements accumulated in biomass (most clearly in case of K, Ca and Mg), which indicates important relationships between soil and vegetation in the first stages of ecosystem development as stimulated by reclamation.

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Effects of Biosolids Loading Rate and Sawdust Additions on Row Crop Yield and Nitrate Leaching Potentials in Virginia Sand and Gravel Mine Reclamation

Cited by 24 publications

References 1 publication

Determining Optimal Sawdust I Biosolids Mixtures to Manage Nitrate Leaching in Reclaimed Disturbed Soils

Determining Optimal Sawdust I Biosolids Mixtures to Manage Nitrate Leaching in Reclaimed Disturbed Soils

Soil organic matter, C and N accumulation during natural succession and reclamation in an opencast sand quarry (southern Poland)

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) ecosystem macronutrients budget on reclaimed mine sites—stand trees supply and stability

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