Effects of biochars derived from chicken manure and rape straw on speciation and phytoavailability of Cd to maize in artificially contaminated loess soil

Zhao, Baowei; Xu, Renzhi; Ma, Fengfeng; Li, Yewei; Wang, Lu

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.10.020

Cited by 70 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The ECEC was 71.1 cmol c /kg. The addition of biochar to soils has a potential to enhance the soil cation exchange capacity, as reported in a previous study [57]. The major heavy metals in the biochar were Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, As, Cd, and Co, respectively.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Corncob Biocharsupporting

confidence: 63%

Phytotoxicity of Corncob Biochar before and after Heat Treatment and Washing

et al. 2018

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Biochar from crop residues such as corncobs can be used for soil amendment, but its negative effects have also been reported. This study aims to evaluate the phytotoxic effects of different biochar treatments and application rates on cress (Lepidium sativum). Corncob biochar was produced via slow pyrolysis without using purging gas. Biochar treatments included fresh biochar (FB), dried biochar (DB), washed biochar (WB), and biochar water extract (WE). Biochar application rates of 10, 20, and 30 t/ha were investigated. Significant phytotoxic effects of biochar were observed on germination rates, shoot length, fresh weight, and dry matter content, while severe toxic effects were identified in FB and WE treatments. Germination rate after 48 h (GR48) decreased with the increase of biochar application rates in all treatments. The observed order of performance of the biochar treatments for germination, shoot length, and shoot fresh weight for every biochar application rate was WB>DB>WE>FB, while it was the reverse order for the shoot dry matter content. WB treatment showed the best performance in reducing the phytotoxicity of biochar. The mitigation of the phytotoxicity in fresh corncob biochar by washing and heat treatment was found to be a simple and effective method.

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Section: Characteristics Of Corncob Biocharsupporting

confidence: 63%

Phytotoxicity of Corncob Biochar before and after Heat Treatment and Washing

et al. 2018

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“…For soil Mt, a pH decrease in the soil Mt system may be higher than the obtained value as its high ANC could counter-balanced part of the pH drop (Inyang et al, 2012). Given that Cd(OH) 2 precipitation can form when solution pH ranges from 8 to 9 (Sun et al, 2014;Zhao et al, 2016), both precipitation of Cd(OH) 2 and ion exchange may have occurred in soil Mt system. For soil Ba, Cd(OH) 2 may not be likely to form given the equilibrium pH range from 5.6-6.5, hence proton exchange should have caused the pH drop.…”

Section: Specific Sorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of acidic and neutral biochars on properties and cadmium retention of soils

Dong

Lamb

et al. 2017

Chemosphere

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In this study, an acidic biochar and a neutral biochar were applied at 5 wt% into two soils for an 11-month incubation experiment. One Ferrosol soil (Ba) was slightly acidic with low organic matter and the other Dermosol soil (Mt) was slightly alkaline with high organic matter. The acidic (pH = 3.25) wood shaving (WS) biochar had no marked impact on nutrient levels, cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH and acid neutralization capacity (ANC) of either soil. By contrast, the neutral (pH = 7.00) chicken litter (CL) biochar significantly increased major soluble nutrients, pH, ANC of soil Ba. In terms of C storage, 87.9% and 69.5% WS biochar-C can be sequestrated as TOC by soil Ba and Mt, respectively, whereas only 24.0% of CL biochar-C stored in soil Ba and negligible amount in Mt as TOC. Biochars did not have significant effects on soil sorption capacity and sorption reversibility except that CL biochar increased sorption of soil Ba by around 25.4% and decreased desorption by around 50.0%. Overall, the studied acidic C rich WS biochar held little agricultural or remedial values but was favourable for C sequestration. The neutral mineral rich CL biochar may provide short-term agricultural benefit and certain sorption capacities of lower sorption capacity soils, but may be unlikely to result in heightened C sequestration in soils. This is the first study comprehensively examining functions of acidic and neutral biochars for their benefits as a soil amendment and suggests the importance of pre-testing biochars for target purposes prior to their large scale production.

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“…Treatment of acidic soils with biochar leads to maintenance of pH, cation exchange enhancement and nutrient retention leading to promotion of growth promoting soil microorganisms like PGPR and AMF (Changxun et al, 2016, Soudek et al, 2017). Improved growth due to treatment of biochar has been reported in several crop plants (Harel et al, 2012, Zhao et al, 2016). Treatment of biochar to Poncirus trifoliate increased growth by improving the root growth and the characteristics of soil like pH, fertility etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and biochar improves drought tolerance in chickpea

Hashem

Kumar

Al-Dbass

et al. 2019

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

153

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation and biochar amendment has been reported to improve growth of several crop plants however their role in stress amelioration individually as well as in combination has not been worked out. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the application of AMF and biochar on the performance of chickpea under drought stress. The treatments included the individual as well as combined treatment of AMF and biochar to drought stressed and normal chickpea plants. Plants inoculation improved growth in terms of shoot and root length, leaf area and number of branches which was observed to show a steep decline due to drought stress. Drought declined the AMF colonization potential though biochar amendment ameliorated the negative effects of drought significantly by improving the spore population, number of mycelium, vesicle and arbuscules and the percentage of colonization as well. Increased chlorophyll synthesis in biochar and AMF treated plants was obvious, which lead to significant enhancement in the net photosynthetic efficiency. Drought stress also declined the relative water content (RWC) and membrane stability index (MSI), while treatment of biochar and AMF either individually or in combination mitigated the deleterious effects to considerable extent and caused a significant enhancement in RWC and MSI under normal conditions. Amendments with biochar and AMF inoculation increased the nitrogen fixation attributes including the number and weight of nodules, leghemoglobin content and activity of nitrate reductase enzyme leading to greater uptake and assimilation of nitrogen in them when compared to drought stressed plants. Drought stressed chickpea plants exhibited considerable reduction in uptake of nitrogen and phosphorous which was ameliorated by biochar and AMF treatments. It could be suggested that increase in growth and physiological attributes in chickpea due to biochar amendments and AMF inoculation under drought stress were plausibly due to their involvement in nitrogen and phosphorous uptake, chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis.

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Effects of biochars derived from chicken manure and rape straw on speciation and phytoavailability of Cd to maize in artificially contaminated loess soil

Cited by 70 publications

References 32 publications

Phytotoxicity of Corncob Biochar before and after Heat Treatment and Washing

Phytotoxicity of Corncob Biochar before and after Heat Treatment and Washing

Effects of acidic and neutral biochars on properties and cadmium retention of soils

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and biochar improves drought tolerance in chickpea

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