Effects of biochar on the acidity of a loamy clay soil under different incubation conditions

Zhao, Ruyan; Jiang, Diwei; Coles, Neil; Wu, Jiaping

doi:10.1007/s11368-015-1143-1

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In contrast, as-is biochar had the highest negative charge, which indicated the contribution of the mineral fraction. Zhao et al [ 30 ] supported these findings, which reported that mineral components in BR were a part of cations. Likewise, Yuan et al [ 57 ] demonstrated that zeta-potential of nine different crop biochars were within the range of 3–7 pH and these were negatively charged.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Chitosan Modified Biochar Increases Soybean (Glycine max L.) Resistance to Salt-Stress by Augmenting Root Morphology, Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms and the Expression of Stress-Responsive Genes

Mehmood

Ahmed

Ikram

et al. 2020

Plants

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Soybean is an important oilseed crop that provides high-quality protein and vegetable oil. Salinity constitutes a negative abiotic factor that reduces soybean plant growth, production, and quality. The adsorption of Na+ by chitosan-modified biochar (CMB) has a significant effect on salinity but the application of CMB is limited in soybean. In the current study, CMB was used for characterization of physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of soybean under salt stress. Comparison of CMB and unmodified (as-is) biochar (BR) demonstrated a significant difference between them shown by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scan electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), elemental analysis and z-potential measurement. Pseudo-first and second-order better suited for the analysis of Na+ adsorption kinetics. The salt-stress reduced the soybean plants growth, root architecture characteristics, biomass yield, nutrients acquisition, chlorophyll contents, soluble protein, and sugar contents, while CMB with salt-stress significantly increased the above parameters. Moreover, CMB also reduced the salinity-induced increase in the Na+, glycine betaine (GB), proline, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in plants. The antioxidant activity and gene expression levels triggered by salinity but with the application of CMB significantly further boosted the expression profile of four genes (CAT, APX, POD and SOD) encoding antioxidant enzyme and two salt-tolerant conferring genes (GmSALT3 and CHS). Overall, these findings demonstrate the crucial role of CMB in minimizing the adverse effects of high salinity on soybean growth and efficiency of the mechanisms enabling plant protection from salinity through a shift of the architecture of the root system and enhancing the antioxidant defense systems and stress-responsive genes for achieving sustainable crop production.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The surface charge characteristics of BR and CMB were estimated from their zeta potential values in solution at pH range 2 to 10. This technique represents the net charge between the surface plane and the slip plane of a colloidal particle [ 30 ]. Zetasizer Nano-ZS was used to measure the zeta potential of the amendments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan Modified Biochar Increases Soybean (Glycine max L.) Resistance to Salt-Stress by Augmenting Root Morphology, Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms and the Expression of Stress-Responsive Genes

Mehmood

Ahmed

Ikram

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…38,39 The three peak at 1637, 1600 and 1531, can be attributed to CC and CN vibrations, 40,41 and −COO antisymmetric stretching of amino acids and CO stretching vibrations in ketones, quinones, aldehydes, lactones, and carboxylic groups and esters, 18 and also to the N−H band. 37 The peak observed at 1435 cm −1 can be due to the presence of carbonyl or carbonates (CO 3 2− ) 11,42 and CC or/and saturated C−H bending vibration. 37 Coffee husk and poultry litter biomasses present peaks at 1319 and 1232 cm −1 that can represent the C−N stretching in aromatic amines 40 and C−O stretching in carboxylic acids, 43 respectively.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Stability of Engineered Biochar-Based Phosphate Fertilizers

Carneiro

Filho

Nardis

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Converting abundant agricultural residues to valuable products, such as biochar, is a pressing challenge for society. Here, our objective has been to produce biochar-based fertilizers (BBFs) with high carbon stability, high yield, and characteristics favorable for their use in soils. Thus, H 3 PO 4 with and without MgO was co-pyrolyzed with coffee husk and poultry litter. Proximate analysis, total phosphorus and magnesium, biochar yield, carbon retention, and thermal and chemical carbon stability were assessed. The BBFs were slightly acidic (pH ∼6.0) and showed high contents of total P (146−206 g kg −1 ) and total Mg (96−98 g kg −1 ), similar to commercial fertilizers. Biochar yield increased up to 65% when treated with H 3 PO 4 and H 3 PO 4 −MgO, resulting in up to 78% greater carbon retention. BBFs showed higher thermal stability, by thermogravimetric analysis and muffle oxidation, when compared to corresponding pristine biochars. Conversely, the addition of H 3 PO 4 −MgO decreased the chemical stability (higher H 2 O 2 and K 2 Cr 2 O 7 oxidation), compared to the biochars, because of the increase in surface area and reactivity. We concluded that the co-pyrolysis of biomasses with H 3 PO 4 and MgO promoted thermal stabilization (increased yield) and increased chemical oxidation, because of increased surface area and reduced crystallinity of the BBFs.

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“…For example, increasing values of cation exchange capacity (CEC) was reported [14], soil water interaction, and retention (including degraded soils) [15], saturated hydraulic conductivity [16], soil aggregation and stability [17] following soil amendment with biochar. Furthermore, biochar has also been reported to influence soil health by enhancing microbial abundance and diversity in the rhizosphere, as well as modifying the favorable microbial environments by adjusting nutrients, increasing soil pH [18][19][20] and modifying plant growth performance through improved fertility, and direct supply of carbon (C) rich substrates [21,22]. Biochar application or amendment is also well recognized as a useful potential climate change mitigation strategy [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Influence of Biochar Amendment on the Physicochemical Properties of Podzolic Soil

et al. 2020

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Research into biochar, as an amendment to soil, has increased over the last decade. However, there is still much to understand regarding the effects of biochar type and rates on the physicochemical properties of different soil types. This study aimed to investigate the effects of biochar application on the physicochemical properties of podzolic soils. Soil samples were collected from the research site in Pasadena, Newfoundland, Canada. Experimental treatments consisted of three types of soils (topsoil, E-horizon soil and mixed soil (topsoil 2: E-horizon soil 1)), two biochar types (granular and powder) and four biochar application rates (0%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% on a weight basis). Ten physicochemical parameters (bulk density (BD), porosity, field capacity (FC), plant available water (PAW), water repellency (WR), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), total carbon (TC), and nitrogen (N)) were investigated through a total of 72 experimental units. Biochar morphological structure and pore size distribution were examined using a scanning electron microscope, whereas specific surface area was assessed by the Brunauer−Emmett−Teller method. The result indicated that the E-horizon soil was highly acidic compared to control (topsoil) and mixed soils. A significant difference was observed between the control and 2% biochar amendment in all three soil mixtures tested in this experiment. Biochar amendments significantly reduced the soil BD (E-horizon: 1.40–1.25 > mixed soil: 1.34–1.21 > topsoil: 1.31–1.18 g cm−3), increased the CEC (mixed soil: 2.83–3.61 > topsoil: 2.61–2.70 > E-horizon: 1.40–1.25 cmol kg−1) and total C (topsoil: 2.40–2.41 > mixed soil: 1.74–1.75 > E-horizon: 0.43–0.44%). Water drop penetration tests showed increased WR with increasing biochar doses from 0 to 2% (topsoil: 2.33–4.00 > mixed soil: 2.33–3.33 > E-horizon: 4.00–4.67 s), and all the biochar–soil combinations were classified as slightly-repellent. We found significant effects of biochar application on soil water retention. Porosity increased by 2.8%, FC by 10%, and PAW by 12.9% when the soil was treated with powdered biochar. Additionally, we examined the temporal effect of biochar (0 to 2% doses) on pH and EC and observed an increase in pH (4.3–5.5) and EC (0.0–0.20 dS/m) every day from day 1–day 7. Collectively the study findings suggest 2% powder biochar application rate is the best combination to improve the physicochemical properties of the tested mixed podzolic soil. Granular and powdered biochar was found to be hydrophobic and hydrophilic, respectively. These findings could be helpful to better understand the use of biochar for improving the physicochemical properties of podzolic soils when used for agricultural practices in boreal ecosystems.

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Effects of biochar on the acidity of a loamy clay soil under different incubation conditions

Cited by 21 publications

References 29 publications

Chitosan Modified Biochar Increases Soybean (Glycine max L.) Resistance to Salt-Stress by Augmenting Root Morphology, Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms and the Expression of Stress-Responsive Genes

Chitosan Modified Biochar Increases Soybean (Glycine max L.) Resistance to Salt-Stress by Augmenting Root Morphology, Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms and the Expression of Stress-Responsive Genes

Carbon Stability of Engineered Biochar-Based Phosphate Fertilizers

Investigating the Influence of Biochar Amendment on the Physicochemical Properties of Podzolic Soil

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