Effects of Biochar Addition on Nitrogen Leaching and Soil Structure following Fertilizer Application to Rice Paddy Soil

Yoo, Gayoung; Kim, Hyun‐Jin; Chen, Jingjing; Kim, Yesol

doi:10.2136/sssaj2013.05.0160

Cited by 77 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The surface chemistry of biochars are varied and complex and can depend on feedstock and pyrolysis temperature and conditions, as shown by Klupfel et al (2014) in a comparison of redox properties of chars made from different feedstocks at low, medium, and high temperatures. They found that medium‐temperature chars, such as the one used in this study, had the highest electron exchange capacites, and suggest that chars could act as redox buffers (Klupfel et al, 2014). The surface of biochars can also change significantly over time, as illustrated by Wiedner et al (2015) in their study on biochar surface oxidation during composting.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Wood Biochar in Manure‐Applied Sand Columns on Leachate Quality

2015

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Agricultural operations can pose a threat to the quality of nearby water sources particularly from nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses following land application of manure. Biochar application to soils has the potential to ameliorate degraded soils and reduce nutrient leaching to groundwater. The effects of amending sand soil columns with hybrid poplar biochar (Populus spp.) made by a slow‐pyrolysis process at 450°C at varying rates (0, 1, 2, and 5% by weight) with repeated dairy manure applications over a 56‐wk period was examined to evaluate the impact to leachate water quality. Increasing levels of biochar decreased cumulative levels of total N (TN) by 21 to 59%, nitrate (NO3–N) by 17 to 46%, and ammonia (NH4–N + NH3–N) by 46 to 90% in leachate but increased cumulative leaching of total P (TP). Overall leachate pH was increased and peak levels of 5‐d biological oxygen demand (BOD5) in leachate after manure application were decreased with increasing levels of biochar amendment. The results from this study indicate that biochar amendments could be effective in reducing nitrogen leaching from soils, though further study is needed to determine practical application in a field setting. Core Ideas Hybrid poplar biochar application to sand can improve leachate water quality. Leachate BOD5 reduced with increasing biochar application rate. Total N, NO3–N, and NH4–N were reduced in leachate with increasing biochar application rate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Wood Biochar in Manure‐Applied Sand Columns on Leachate Quality

2015

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“…2008). This excessive N application results in a decrease in nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and pollutes the adjacent water and atmospheric systems (Yoo et al, 2014). Those N losses represent the inherent inefficiencies in current nutrient management systems and result in not only environmental pollution but also additional economic costs to farmers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of biochar application on nitrogen leaching, ammonia volatilization and nitrogen use efficiency in two distinct soils

Liu

Cao

et al. 2017

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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This study was conducted to determine the effect of biochar application on nitrogen (N) leaching, ammonia (NH3) volatilization, and fertilizer N use efficiency (NUE) in two soils with different properties (loamy and sandy). Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) incubation experiments (with 15 N-enriched urea applied) and an N loss simulation study were conducted at biochar application rates of 2% and 4%. The results showed that 15 N utilization increased by 8.83-9.06% following the addition of biochar to sandy soil during the first season compared with the control. However, this significant effect was not observed in the loamy soil, in which significantly more urea-N was retained in the soil following biochar application. Furthermore, based on the results of the N leaching and NH3 volatilization experiments, 29.19% and 28.65% NO3 -N leaching reductions were induced by 2% and 4% biochar amendments in loamy soil, decreasing the total inorganic N that was leached (NH4 + -N plus NO3 -N) by 26.46% and 26.82%, respectively. However, although the amount of leached NH4 + -N decreased in biochar-amended sandy soil, the cumulative NH3 volatilizations were 14.18-20.05%higher than in the control, and 22.55% more NO3 --N was leached from biochar-amended sandy soil, resulting in a negative effect on N retention. According to this study, biochar can be effectively used to improve the NUE in sandy soil and reduce N loss from loamy soil.

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“…In general, the basic principle behind the effectiveness of any soil amendment material or additive apart from nutrient enhancement (in some cases) is the ability of such material or additive to effect some positive microstructural changes in the soil (Ajayi et al, 2016;Donn et al, 2014;Yoo et al, 2014). For instance, the increase in surface area and the attendant enhancement of available binding sites, the improved aggregation and concomitant decrease in tensile strength and changes in pore configuration (modification of the proportions of wide-coarse, narrow-coarse, medium and fine pores) in amended soils are direct consequences of microstructural changes in the amended soil (Ajayi et al, 2016;Arthur et al, 2014;Yoo et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, the increase in surface area and the attendant enhancement of available binding sites, the improved aggregation and concomitant decrease in tensile strength and changes in pore configuration (modification of the proportions of wide-coarse, narrow-coarse, medium and fine pores) in amended soils are direct consequences of microstructural changes in the amended soil (Ajayi et al, 2016;Arthur et al, 2014;Yoo et al, 2014). However, this particle to particle scale changes have not been well elaborated in several studies that aimed to analyse the consequence of soil amendments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the potentials of clay and biochar in improving water retention and mechanical resilience of sandy soil

Ajayi¹,

Horn²

2016

International Agrophysics

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A b s t r a c t. Changing climate is threatening rainfall regularity particularly in the semi-arid and arid regions; therefore, strategies to conserve water within their coarse-grained soils and to improve water use efficiency of crops are critical. This study compared the effectiveness of biochar and two types of clay materials in augmenting water retention and improving mechanical resilience of fine sand. The amendment of fine sand with woodchip-biochar and kaolinite (non-swelling clay) and Na-bentonite (swelling clay) improved the water retention capacity and interparticle bonding of the substrate depending of the rate of amendment and water content of the substrates. Na-bentonite was more effective at increasing water retention capacity at more negative matric potentials. Biochar was more effective at saturation due to the increased porosity, while kaolinite responds similarly to biochar. It is, however, shown that most of the water retained by the Na-betonite may not be available to plants, particularly at high amendment rate. Furthermore, the clay and biochar materials improved particle bonding in the fine sand with the Na-bentonite being more effective than biochar and kaolinite (in that order) in strengthening interparticle bonds and improving the resilience of fine sand, if the rate of amendment is kept at ≤50 g kg -1 .

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Effects of Biochar Addition on Nitrogen Leaching and Soil Structure following Fertilizer Application to Rice Paddy Soil

Cited by 77 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of Wood Biochar in Manure‐Applied Sand Columns on Leachate Quality

Effect of Wood Biochar in Manure‐Applied Sand Columns on Leachate Quality

Effects of biochar application on nitrogen leaching, ammonia volatilization and nitrogen use efficiency in two distinct soils

Comparing the potentials of clay and biochar in improving water retention and mechanical resilience of sandy soil

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