Effects of bile duct ligation and cholic acid treatment on fatty liver in two rat models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Gabbi, Chiara; Bertolotti, Marco; Anzivino, Claudia; Macchioni, Daria; Puppo, Marina Del; Ricchi, M.; Carubbi, Francesca; Tagliafico, Enrico; Romagnoli, Dante; Odoardi, Maria Rosaria; Loria, Paola; Losi, Luisa; Carulli, Nicola

doi:10.1016/j.dld.2012.07.001

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…It is characterized by triglyceride (TG) accumulation in hepatocytes [3,4]. However, the mechanism of this triglyceride accumulation remains elusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosyltransferase GLT8D2 Positively Regulates ApoB100 Protein Expression in Hepatocytes

Wei

Zhao

et al. 2013

IJMS

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by triglyceride (TG) accumulation in hepatocytes. Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) is a major secretory product of the liver that transports endogenously synthesized TG. Disrupted VLDL secretion may contribute to the accumulation of TG in hepatocytes. ApoB100 (apolipoprotein B100) is a glycoprotein and an essential protein component of VLDL. Its glycosylation may affect VLDL assembly and secretion. However, which glycosyltransferase catalyzes apoB100 glycosylation is unknown. In this study, we cloned the GLT8D2 (glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing 2) gene from HepG2 cells and generated a series of plasmids for in vitro studies of its molecular functions. We discovered that GLT8D2 was localized in the ER, interacted with apoB100, and positively regulated the levels of apoB100 protein in HepG2 cells. Based on these results, we propose that GLT8D2 is a glycosyltransferase of apoB100 that regulates apoB100 levels in hepatocytes.

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“…It is characterized by triglyceride (TG) accumulation in hepatocytes [3,4]. However, the mechanism of this triglyceride accumulation remains elusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosyltransferase GLT8D2 Positively Regulates ApoB100 Protein Expression in Hepatocytes

Wei

Zhao

et al. 2013

IJMS

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“…NAFLD was induced with a CDD composed of lard (TD 98262) containing 6.5% kcal from protein, 46.7% kcal from carbohydrate, and 46.8% kcal from fat. [20] Rats were randomly divided into ten groups with six animals in each group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the end of the second phase, all rats were sacrificed, blood samples were collected in heparinized test tubes, and the sera were obtained after centrifuge (3000 rpm) for 20 min. [20] Serum levels of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TAG, AST, and ALT were measured using standard laboratory kits.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pimpinella anisum L. fruit: Chemical composition and effect on rat model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2017

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Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes a group of chronic liver disorders caused by irregular accumulation of fat in liver tissue. The current study aimed to evaluate chemical composition and the effect of fruit extract and essential oil of Pimpinella anisum in experimental model of NAFLD.Materials and Methods:Sixty rats were randomly divided into ten groups, six in each group. NAFLD was induced in rats using choline-deficient diet for 90 days, followed by 30 days of treatment with 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day of hydroethanolic extract (AE) as well as 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/kg/day of essential oil (AO). Blood samples were collected in the final day, and lipid profile, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as well as biomarkers of oxidative damage including myeloperoxidase, lipid peroxidation, total thiol molecules, and ferric-reducing ability of plasma were measured. Liver tissue sections of the sacrificed rats were also assessed histologically.Results:AE and AO significantly reversed increase in the plasma levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triacylglycerol and decrease in high-density lipoprotein level in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Serum levels of AST and ALT were also significantly modified by treatment with AE and AO (P < 0.05). Biomarkers of oxidative stress were modulated by administration of AE and AO (P < 0.05). Histological assessments also confirmed the effectiveness of treatments by reduced macrovesicular steatohepatitis.Conclusion:It could be concluded that P. anisum fruit extract and essential oil have beneficial effects in the treatment of NAFLD. Further studies are necessary to confirm safety and efficacy of this medicinal plant in clinical setting.

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“…Several BAs have been shown to ameliorate NAFLD, such as CA (41), UDCA (42), and taurine-conjugated UDCA has been effective to improve NASH (43, 44). Alteration of serum BAs is associated with NASH (45) and ALD (46) in animal models.…”

Section: Gut Bacterial Metabolites Co-metabolites and Other MImentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Sensing Between Liver and Intestine: Importance of Microbial Metabolites

Cui

2017

Curr Pharmacol Rep

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Recent technological advancements including metagenomics sequencing and metabolomics have allowed the discovery of critical functions of gut microbiota in obesity, malnutrition, neurological disorders, asthma, and xenobiotic metabolism. Classification of the human gut microbiome into distinct “enterotypes” has been proposed to serve as a new paradigm for understanding the interplay between microbial variation and human disease phenotypes, as many organs are affected by gut microbiota modifications during the pathogenesis of diseases. Gut microbiota remotely interacts with liver and other metabolic organs of the host through various microbial metabolites that are absorbed into the systemic circulation. Purpose of review The present review summarizes recent literature regarding the importance of gut microbiota in modulating the physiological and pathological responses of various host organs, and describes the functions of the known microbial metabolites that are involved in this remote sensing process, with a primary focus on the gut microbiota-liver axis. Recent findings Under physiological conditions, gut microbiota modulates the hepatic transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, most notably down-regulating cytochrome P450 3a mediated xenobiotic metabolism. Gut microbiome also modulates the rhythmicity in liver gene expression, likely through microbial metabolites, such as butyrate and propionate that serve as epigenetic modifiers. Additionally, the production of host hormones such as primary bile acids and glucagon like peptide 1 is altered by gut microbiota to modify intermediary metabolism of the host. Summary Dysregulation of gut microbiota is implicated in various liver diseases such as alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver cirrhosis, cholangitis, and liver cancer. Gut microbiota modifiers such as probiotics and prebiotics are increasingly recognized as novel therapeutic modalities for liver and other types of human diseases.

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Effects of bile duct ligation and cholic acid treatment on fatty liver in two rat models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Cited by 18 publications

References 44 publications

Glycosyltransferase GLT8D2 Positively Regulates ApoB100 Protein Expression in Hepatocytes

Glycosyltransferase GLT8D2 Positively Regulates ApoB100 Protein Expression in Hepatocytes

Pimpinella anisum L. fruit: Chemical composition and effect on rat model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Remote Sensing Between Liver and Intestine: Importance of Microbial Metabolites

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