Effects of Bi composition on microstructure and Al-water reactivity of Al-rich alloys with low-In

An, Qi; Hu, Hongyu; Li, Nan; Liú, Dan; Xu, Shaonan; Liu, Zhou; Wei, Cundi; Luo, Feng; Xia, Maosheng; Gao, Qian

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.05.009

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Chen et al 32 reported that the Al-10 wt% Bi(OH) 3 to 5 wt% NaCl composite has better hydrogen generation performance than that of Al-10 wt% Bi(OH) 3 . An et al 33 established that the hydrogen efficiency of Al2.5%Ga-2.09%In-2.88% Sn-2.53%Bi mixture could be near to the theoretical value within 60 minutes at 40 C. However, Ga and In are unusual and expensive, and the bulk aluminum composite has to be prepared by melting reacts with H 2 O. Gas atomization can also be utilized to activate aluminum by doping metals such as Ga, In, Sn, and Bi, yet it has significant expenses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) ₃ catalyst crystalline phases

Prabu

Wang

2021

Int J Energy Res

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The catalytic influence of different crystalline phases of aluminum hydroxide nanoparticles for the hydrogen generation from the reaction of Al and water is described. In this study, different aluminum hydroxide powder crystalline phases (mixed-phase, bayerite phase, gibbsite phase), (Al(OH) 3 ), were distinctly prepared using precipitation methods in different solvents (methanol, ethanol, and HNO 3 ) at room temperature (25 C). Interestingly, the materials synthesized using ethanol and HNO 3 showed bayerite. Using methanol as the solvent showed a gibbsite phase confirmed by X-ray diffraction, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, and field emission spectroscopy (FESEM). Hydrogen generation using small crystal sized bayerite phase and mixed-phase show higher catalytic efficiency than the pure and large gibbsite phase powders and the catalytic effect of different crystalline Al(OH) 3 catalysts in the order of mixed phase>bayerite phase>gibbsite phase. The bayerite phase catalyst displayed the highest yield (100%) within 2 hours, but the gibbsite phase showed around 60% to 70% yield for a long time of 15 hours. However, more gibbsite phaseorientation would have strong catalytic power when it is small and plate-like thin layer (S.No.4, mixed phases).~100% yield of hydrogen can be produced from 1 g Al/100 g water system within~40 minutes using 1 g synthesized Al(OH) 3 (S.No.4). This work delivers a novel technique to generate hydrogen for movable devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) ₃ catalyst crystalline phases

Prabu

Wang

2021

Int J Energy Res

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“…According to statistics, the average size is approximately 35 μm, and the standard deviation is 6μm, which is similar to the Zn-free alloy (33 ± 5μm). Zn as an additive, which is similar to Bi [23,29], affects the grain size slightly, but it is completely different from Ti [4], and the segregation has a greater effect on grain size [33][34][35]. Furthermore, the columnar surfaces are covered by a lot of small granular and irregular particles.…”

Section: Sem Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combined with results of previous studies, various dopants have different effects on the Al-Ga-In-Sn alloy. When Bi [23] or Mg [24] are added to these Al-based alloys, new GB phases (InBi or Mg 2 Sn) are formed, and the alloy exhibits different energy conversion efficiency. With the addition of the grain refiners (Ti, Al 2 O 3 , AlTi 5 B etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Zn-Doped Al-Rich Alloys for Fast on-Board Hydrogen Production

Liú

Gao

et al. 2020

Crystals

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For the purpose of investigating the effect of Zn replacement of In3Sn on the hydrogen production performance of Al-rich alloy ingots, Al-Ga-In3Sn alloys with various Zn dosages (0–5 wt.%) were prepared by a traditional melting and casting technique. The phase compositions and microstructures were characterized using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an Energy Dispersed X-ray system (EDS). The SEM results indicate that, with a small amount of Zn instead of In3Sn, the number and total area of grain boundary (GB) phases will decrease gradually, and the average single GB area will eventually stabilize. The distribution of Zn in the alloy is similar to that of Ga, and an area with high Zn content appeared in the high-Zn-doped sample. The melting behaviors of Al with other metals were measured by DSC. The reaction of these alloys and water were investigated at different temperatures. Compared with Al-Ga-In3Sn alloy, low addition of Zn changed the composition of GB phase and increased the maximum hydrogen production rate. The reason for the changes in the hydrolysis reaction of Al with the addition of Zn was discussed.

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“…But alkaline solutions were easy to corrode equipment. Later, researchers found that doped metals [19][20][21][22][23][24] , salts [25][26][27][28] , oxides [29][30][31][32][33] , hydride [34,35] and so on into Al powder also destroyed the oxide layer on the surface of Al particles to improve the activity of Al with water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, a large number of references [19,[33][34][35][36][37][38]51,52] reported that metal Bi could speed up the reaction of Al with water. An et al [20] found that introduction of Bi could greatly promote the hydrolysis reaction of Al-Ga-In-Sn. The hydrogen generation yield of Al-Ga-In-Sn-Bi reached to the theoretical yield (about 560 mL 0.5 g −1 ) from about 100 mL 0.5 g −1 of Al-Ga-In-Sn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of doped Ni-Bi-B alloy on hydrogen generation performance of Al-InCl3

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2019

Journal of Energy Chemistry

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Effects of Bi composition on microstructure and Al-water reactivity of Al-rich alloys with low-In

Cited by 32 publications

References 36 publications

Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) ₃ catalyst crystalline phases

Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) ₃ catalyst crystalline phases

Experimental Study on Zn-Doped Al-Rich Alloys for Fast on-Board Hydrogen Production

Effect of doped Ni-Bi-B alloy on hydrogen generation performance of Al-InCl3

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Effects of Bi composition on microstructure and Al-water reactivity of Al-rich alloys with low-In

Cited by 32 publications

References 36 publications

Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) 3 catalyst crystalline phases

Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) 3 catalyst crystalline phases

Experimental Study on Zn-Doped Al-Rich Alloys for Fast on-Board Hydrogen Production

Effect of doped Ni-Bi-B alloy on hydrogen generation performance of Al-InCl3

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Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) ₃ catalyst crystalline phases

Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) ₃ catalyst crystalline phases