Effects Of Benzene on Human Hematopoiesis

Kirkeleit, Jorunn; Riise, Trond; Gjertsen, Bjørn Tore; Moen, Bente E.; Bråtveit, Magne; Bruserud, Øystein

doi:10.2174/1874276900802010087

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 193 publications

(235 reference statements)

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“…Drummond et al (1988), in their study on the bioavailability of workers exposed to benzene, stated that hematotoxic effects were found at high concentrations of 300 ppm and leukemogenetic effects at concentrations above 100 ppm (13). Kirkliet et al (2008) examined the effect of benzene on human blood and stated benzene altered the gene expression and caused hematological disorders (14). In numerous studies, the blood-induced effects of exposure to benzene have been shown in low concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Hematological Indices of Workers Exposed to Benzene

Salehiforouz¹,

Vahdati²,

Malekirad³

2017

ME-JFM

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Benzene is a clear, colorless, flammable liquid that can be steamed and flowing. Benzene is a by-product of incomplete combustion of many materials. Due to its high utilization in the industry, it is one of the 20 major chemical products in the world. Benzene-induced industrial poisoning occurs almost entirely by inhalation of benzene vapors in the air. The goal of this study is to answer the questions about whether exposure to benzene is associated with changes in the level of human blood parameters under normal conditions. Materials and Methods: This is a comparative and analytical cross-sectional study. In this study we examined 40 workers exposed to benzene compared with 40 healthy subjects with no history of being exposed to benzene as a control group with the same sex and age (26-40), with a work record of 5 to 15 years and an exposure of 8 hours. It was measured using standard methods for concentration of benzene in air. Blood samples were taken from humans for evaluation of hematological factors. An impedance method by cell counter device was used for measurement. Results: The average concentration of benzene in workshops was 1.68 ppm. The results of blood tests showed that the mean concentration of red blood cells (MCHC) in the control group was higher and Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in exposed benzene workers was higher than control group. However, in other parameters there was no meaningful difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The average exposure of workers at different workshops with benzene vapors is not greater than the exposure limit values of these compounds. In the results of this study, other factors such as alcohol consumption, smoking, non-vegetarian diet and exposure to benzene are effective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Hematological Indices of Workers Exposed to Benzene

Salehiforouz¹,

Vahdati²,

Malekirad³

2017

ME-JFM

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“…Although the reports of its effects on specific blood cells have been somewhat inconsistent, gasoline hematoxicity appears to be a constant feature and has been observed even at levels previously considered harmless to humans [22][23][24]. Accordingly, Okoro et al [20] observed time-dependent significant decreases in red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular concentration (MCHC), mean cell volume (MCV), and mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) among 200 exposed gasoline station workers at Calabar.…”

Section: Hematoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in occupational and environmental health hazards of workers exposed to gasoline compounds

Ekpenyong

Asuquo

2017

Int J Occup Med Environ Health

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The impact of health and environmental hazards, associated with the constituents of gasoline, on occupationally exposed workers has been recorded over the past few decades. However, the scientific literature on their pathogenic potential remains incomplete, which could affect the current understanding of the associated health risks. This review provides current information based on recently improved research techniques to evaluate gasoline toxicity profiles for humans. Our current knowledge provides insight into the intricate mechanism of gasoline-induced adverse effects, including the formation of reactive metabolites via bio-activation and subsequent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress, which are involved in multiple mechanisms that are central to the aetiology of gasoline-induced toxicity. These mechanisms include covalent binding to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), leading to oxidative damage, tumor-suppression gene activity, and activation of pro-oncogenes. Furthermore, it results in induction of autoimmunity and local inflammatory responses, disruption of multiple neurotransmitters and immune cell function, derangement of various enzyme activities (e.g., sodiumpotassium adenosine triphosphate (Na + /K + /ATPase) activity, cytochrome P450 (CYP450), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), antioxidant enzyme activities, etc.), conjugation of bile, and non-specific cell membrane interaction, leading to damage of the membrane lipid bilayer and proteins. Available data suggests that exposure to gasoline or gasoline constituents have the potential to cause different types of illnesses. The data highlights the need to maintain safety measures via suitable research, medical surveillance, regulatory control, life style modification, early detection, and intervention to minimize exposure and manage suspected cases. They also present novel opportunities to design and develop effective therapeutic strategies against gasoline-induced detrimental effects. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(1):1-26

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“…For reviews, see recent articles in References 10, 48, and 120. The consensus clearly shows that benzene causes AML/ANLL and MDS, even at relatively low doses, and that AML often arises secondary to MDS.…”

Section: Traditional Epidemiological Studies Of the Carcinogenic Effementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Understanding Benzene Health Effects and Susceptibility

Smith

2010

Annu. Rev. Public Health

312

247

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Benzene is a ubiquitous chemical in our environment that causes acute leukemia and probably other hematological cancers. Evidence for an association with childhood leukemia is growing. Exposure to benzene can lead to multiple alterations that contribute to the leukemogenic process, indicating a multimodal mechanism of action. Research is needed to elucidate the different roles of multiple metabolites in benzene toxicity and the pathways that lead to their formation. Studies to date have identified a number of polymorphisms in candidate genes that confer susceptibility to benzene hematotoxicity. However, a genome-wide study is needed to truly assess the role of genetic variation in susceptibility. Benzene affects the blood-forming system at low levels of occupational exposure, and there is no evidence of a threshold. There is probably no safe level of exposure to benzene, and all exposures constitute some risk in a linear, if not supralinear, and additive fashion.

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Effects Of Benzene on Human Hematopoiesis

Cited by 27 publications

References 193 publications

Evaluation of Hematological Indices of Workers Exposed to Benzene

Evaluation of Hematological Indices of Workers Exposed to Benzene

Recent advances in occupational and environmental health hazards of workers exposed to gasoline compounds

Advances in Understanding Benzene Health Effects and Susceptibility

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