Effects of batroxobin treatment on the survival of random skin flaps in rats

Fang, Miaojie; Qi, Chaoyang; Chen, Xinyi; Hu, Pei‐Yang; Wang, Junwei; Xu, Peng-Fu; Jin, Yu-Zhi; Lin, Dingsheng

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2019.04.011

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In the early stage, we found that drugs such as Naringin 14 and batroxobin 15 can promote flap survival, but AzaA shows better anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the TLR4/NF-kB pathway, reducing the release of inflammatory cytokines, and inhibiting the chemotaxis and adhesion of neutrophils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of azadirachtin A improve random skin flap survival in rats

Fang

et al. 2020

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Random skin flaps are widely used to repair tissue defects. However, the distal flap regions are prone to ischemic necrosis, limiting clinical applications. Azadirachtin A, a fruit extract from the neem, improves tissue blood supply and metabolism, reduces cell swelling, promotes tissue healing, and prevents venous thrombosis. We explored whether it enhances random skin flap survival. Fifty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, low-dose, and high-dose Azadirachtin A-treated groups using a random number table. We used an improved version of the McFarlane technique to create flaps. On day 2, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde levels were measured. Tissue slices prepared on day 7 were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were immunohistochemically assayed. Microcirculatory blood flow was measured via laser Doppler blood flowmetry. Flap angiography was performed using the lead-oxide gelatin injection technique. And the azadirachtin A groups exhibited a greater mean flap survival area, an improved mean blood vessel density, a greater blood flow, and higher superoxide dismutase and VEGF levels, especially at the high dose. Azadirachtin A markedly reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, TLR4, and NF-kB. These findings suggest that azadirachtin A promotes random skin flap survival by improving the blood supply, reducing tissue inflammation, and inhibiting flap ischemia reperfusion injury. Impact statement In plastic and reconstructive surgery, skin flap necrosis often occurs. How to improve the clinical application of skin flaps is a problem that people now look forward to solving. Drug therapy is one of the research focuses to improve skin flap survival. Our research found that Azadirachtin A promotes random skin flap survival by improving the blood supply, reducing tissue inflammation, and inhibiting flap ischemia reperfusion injury. These findings suggest that Azadirachtin A is a potential therapeutic agent for random skin flap necrosis in clinical application.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of azadirachtin A improve random skin flap survival in rats

Fang

et al. 2020

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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“…In addition, her baseline FIB and D-dimer (measured on day 1, prior to medical treatment) were 1.98 g/L and 0.27 lg/mL, respectively. Twenty-four hours after being administered 10 BU batroxobin (a defibrinogenating agent that is able to degrade FIB into water-soluble fibrin, and hence promote the lysis of the newly formed thrombi 7 ) once via intravenous infusion, the patient's plasma FIB decreased to 1.22 g/L and her D-dimer elevated slightly to 7.45 lg/mL. These findings indicated that her presumed thrombi did not respond sensitively to batroxobin-mediated thrombolysis (Figure 2a).…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance black-blood thrombus imaging can confirm chronic cerebral venous thrombosis: a case report and literature review

Sun

Chen

et al. 2021

J Int Med Res

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Background Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is easily missed or misdiagnosed in clinical settings because of its high variability in terms of symptoms and radiological findings. Herein, we aimed to explore a promising modality for confirming presumed CVT in the hope to uncover its superior diagnostic performance to conventional imaging modalities. Case presentation: The patient complained of intolerable pain in her forehead and left eye. Her lumbar puncture opening pressure was 140 mmH2O, and her cerebrospinal fluid composition was normal. No marked abnormalities were observed in routine brain images, including non-contrast computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance venography. However, chronic mural thrombi in the lumen of the left cortical veins, transverse/sigmoid sinus, and superior sagittal sinus were identified in magnetic resonance black-blood thrombus imaging (MRBTI) maps. Conclusions MRBTI can be used to directly and non-invasively visualize thrombi, and may thus be a promising tool over alternative routine techniques for confirming the diagnosis of CVT.

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“…The former includes urokinase, tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), streptokinase, and other plasminogen activators, which activate the plasminogen to plasmin to accelerated the lysis of thrombus [5][6][7]. The latter includes metalloproteinase plasmin and serine proteinase plasmin, such as batroxobin, defibrase, and fibrinogenase for injection [8][9][10]. Anticoagulants and antiplatelets are only focused on thrombus prevention, but thrombolytic agents could dissolve thrombus completely [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibrinolytic drugs induced hemorrhage: mechanisms and solutions

Tang

Lin

et al. 2023

Blood Coagulation &Amp; Fibrinolysis

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Thrombosis has been emerging as a major global life-threatening issue with high mortality and serious complications, especially in the post-COVID-19 era. Compared with the commonly used plasminogen activators thrombolytic drugs, fibrinolytic drugs are no longer heavily dependent on the patients’ own plasminogen, which are poorly expressed in most patients. As a novel “direct acting” thrombolytic agent, fibrinolytic drugs are considered to have stronger thrombolytic efficacy and safety than the widely used plasminogen activators. However, the risk of their hemorrhage remains a major concern. Herein, the molecular mechanisms and solutions were summarized for the first time based on the systematic review of the latest developments, which could shed new light on the development of novel safety fibrinolytic drugs in the future.

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Effects of batroxobin treatment on the survival of random skin flaps in rats

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of azadirachtin A improve random skin flap survival in rats

Angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of azadirachtin A improve random skin flap survival in rats

Magnetic resonance black-blood thrombus imaging can confirm chronic cerebral venous thrombosis: a case report and literature review

Fibrinolytic drugs induced hemorrhage: mechanisms and solutions

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