Effects of azadirachtin on detoxification-related gene expression in the fat bodies of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Yu, Huilin; Xianmei, Yang; Dai, Jinghua; Yuning, Li; Veeran, Sethuraman; Lin, Jintian; Shu, Benshui

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-19661-6

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The fat body is a vital organ in insects that performs various functions, including xenobiotic metabolism and elimination. According to reports, a total of 53 CYPs were significantly differentially expressed with azadirachtin treatment in the fat bodies of S. frugiperda larvae, which indicated that these detoxification enzyme genes in fat bodies might be involved in azadirachtin detoxification in S. frugiperda [23]. In this study, a total of twenty-one putative CYP genes were identified from the transcriptomic data, of which nine and one were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in the fat body cells established from S. exigua larvae after CPT treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome-Wide Identification of Cytochrome P450s and GSTs from Spodoptera exigua Reveals Candidate Genes Involved in Camptothecin Detoxification

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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The application of camptothecin (CPT) and its derivatives to control insect pests has generated significant interest. This study investigated the enzymatic response of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes in the fat body cells of Spodoptera exigua after 10 μM CPT treatment. Additionally, we examined the effects of CPT on the growth and development of S. exigua larvae and detected the relative expression levels of selected CYP and GST genes during the CPT treatment period. Twenty-one CYP and 17 GST genes were identified from the fat body cells of S. exigua by comparative transcriptomic analyses. The relative expression of ten CYP and seven GST genes changed significantly, which suggested that these CPYs and GSTs may be involved in CPT metabolism. During exposure to CPT for 10 days, the development of S. exigua larvae was delayed and was characterized by weight inhibition and a prolonged period of development. The relative expression levels of the selected four CYP genes, CYP9A27, CYP9A186, CYP337B5, CYP321A8, and one GST gene, GSTe7, were significantly changed by CPT treatment compared to the control group. These generated data provide a basis for identifying the CPT metabolism/detoxification genes of S. exigua at the molecular level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome-Wide Identification of Cytochrome P450s and GSTs from Spodoptera exigua Reveals Candidate Genes Involved in Camptothecin Detoxification

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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“…In the cuticle infection assay, the pupae were inoculated by immersing in the conidial suspension for 15 s. After 15 s of impregnation, the pupae were removed, and the excess water on the surface of the worm was dried with sterile filter paper. The single head was placed in a sterilized petri dish (9 cm in diameter) with wet filter paper at the bottom of the dish [ 22 ]. This experiment was conducted in triplicate for each of the 30 treated pupae.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence of Metarhizium rileyi Is Determined by Its Growth and Antioxidant Stress and the Protective and Detoxifying Enzymes of Spodoptera frugiperda

Pang

Peng

et al. 2023

Insects

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Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most destructive crop pests in the world. Metarhizium rileyi is an entomopathogenic fungus specific for noctuid pests and is a very promising prospect in biological control against S. frugiperda. Two M. rileyi strains (XSBN200920 and HNQLZ200714) isolated from infected S. frugiperda were used to evaluate the virulence and biocontrol potential to different stages and instars of S. frugiperda. The results showed that XSBN200920 was significantly more virulent than HNQLZ200714 to eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults of S. frugiperda. In the larvae infected with the two M. rileyi strains, the activity of three protective enzymes (including peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)) and two detoxifying enzymes (including glutathione-S transferase (GST) and carboxylesterase (CarE)) increased firstly and then decreased. The expression levels of protective enzymes and detoxification enzymes in larvae treated with XSBN200920 were greater than with HNQLZ200714. Furthermore, antioxidant stress-related gene (MrSOD and MrCAT family genes) expression in the two strains was measured by RT-qPCR (real-time quantitative PCR). The expression of these genes was significantly higher in the XSBN200920 strain compared to HNQLZ200714. There were also significant differences in the sensitivity of the two strains to the growth of different carbon and nitrogen sources and oxidative stress agents. In addition, the activity expression of antioxidant enzymes on the third day of culturing in XSBN200920 was significantly higher than with HNQLZ200714. In summary, the high virulence of M. rileyi XSBN200920 was not only determined by the expression levels of protective and detoxifying enzymes of the host but also regulated by the growth of entomogenic fungi and the resistance to the oxidative stress against S. frugiperda at different stages and instars. This study provides a theoretical fundament for the systematic control of Spodoptera frugiperda using Metarhizium rileyi.

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“…20 The detoxification tissue, fat body, could be damaged by azadirachtin, resulting in structural damages in FAW. 21 The semblable effect was also reported on the midgut in the larval of Bactrocera dorsalis and Spodoptera litura with azadirachtin exposure, 15,22,23 which could cause apoptosis and shedding of tissue cells, resulting in thinning of the intestinal wall and destruction of the intestinal tissue structure and further affecting the digestion and absorption function of the intestine. Besides, azadirachtin could suppress the lipid transportation to the ovary of Bombyx mori 24 and cause short lifespan, ovarian abnormalities, lower fecundity, and compound eye abnormalities in Drosophila melanogaster.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The modes of azadirachtin action are complicated that are summarized into four categories: insecticidal activities, antifeedant, growth regulation, and sterilant effects. , Previous studies have found that azadirachtin disrupts the immune system of FAW, reducing the number of circulating cells and decreasing lysozyme activity . The detoxification tissue, fat body, could be damaged by azadirachtin, resulting in structural damages in FAW . The semblable effect was also reported on the midgut in the larval of Bactrocera dorsalis and Spodoptera litura with azadirachtin exposure, ,, which could cause apoptosis and shedding of tissue cells, resulting in thinning of the intestinal wall and destruction of the intestinal tissue structure and further affecting the digestion and absorption function of the intestine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azadirachtin Inhibits Nuclear Receptor HR3 in the Prothoracic Gland to Block Larval Ecdysis in the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Fan,

Wu,

Liu

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Azadirachtin has been used to control agricultural pests for a long time; however, the molecular mechanism of azadirachtin on lepidopterans is still not clear. In this study, the fourth instar larvae of fall armyworm were fed with azadirachtin, and then the ecdysis was blocked in the fourth instar larval stage (L4). The prothoracic glands (PGs) of the treated larvae were dissected for RNA sequencing to determine the effect of azadirachtin on ecdysis inhibition. Interestingly, one of the PG-enriched genes, the nuclear hormone receptor 3 (HR3), was decreased after azadirachtin treatment, which plays a critical role in the 20-hydroxyecdysone action during ecdysis. To deepen the understanding of azadirachtin on ecdysis, the HR3 was knocked out by using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, while the HR3 mutants displayed embryonic lethal phenotype; thus, the stage-specific function of HR3 during larval molting was not enabled to unfold. Hence, the siRNA was injected into the 24 h L4 larvae to knock down HR3. After 96 h, the injected larvae were blocked in the old cuticle during ecdysis which is consistent with the azadirachtin-treated larvae. Taken together, we envisioned that the inhibition of ecdysis in the fall armyworm after the azadirachtin treatment is due to an interference with the expression of HR3 in PG, resulting in larval mortality. The results in this study specified the understanding of azadirachtin on insect ecdysis and the function of HR3 in lepidopteran in vivo.

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Effects of azadirachtin on detoxification-related gene expression in the fat bodies of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

Transcriptome-Wide Identification of Cytochrome P450s and GSTs from Spodoptera exigua Reveals Candidate Genes Involved in Camptothecin Detoxification

Transcriptome-Wide Identification of Cytochrome P450s and GSTs from Spodoptera exigua Reveals Candidate Genes Involved in Camptothecin Detoxification

Virulence of Metarhizium rileyi Is Determined by Its Growth and Antioxidant Stress and the Protective and Detoxifying Enzymes of Spodoptera frugiperda

Azadirachtin Inhibits Nuclear Receptor HR3 in the Prothoracic Gland to Block Larval Ecdysis in the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

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