Effects of Auxin (Indole-3-butyric Acid) on Adventitious Root Formation in Peach-Based Prunus Rootstocks

Abstract

Several Prunus species are among the most important cultivated stone fruits in the Mediterranean region, and there is an urgent need to obtain rootstocks with specific adaptations to challenging environmental conditions. The development of adventitious roots (ARs) is an evolutionary mechanism of high relevance for stress tolerance, which has led to the development of environmentally resilient plants. As a first step towards understanding the genetic determinants involved in AR formation in Prunus sp., we evaluated the rooting of hardwood cuttings from five Prunus rootstocks (Adafuel, Adarcias, Cadaman, Garnem, and GF 677) grown in hydroponics. We found that auxin-induced callus and rooting responses were strongly genotype-dependent. To investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in these differential responses, we performed a time-series study of AR formation in two rootstocks with contrasting rooting performance, Garnem and GF 677, by culturing in vitro microcuttings with and without auxin treatment (0.9 mg/L of indole-3-butyric acid [IBA]). Despite showing a similar histological structure, Garnem and GF677 rootstocks displayed dynamic changes in endogenous hormone homeostasis involving metabolites such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) conjugated to aspartic acid (IAA-Asp), and these changes could explain the differences observed during rooting.

Xylooligosaccharides Enhance Lettuce Root Morphogenesis and Growth Dynamics

“…This increase was not significantly different from the IBAP treatment, suggesting a similar overall enhancement of biomass. These findings collectively demonstrate that XOS effectively promotes the biomass and elongation of adventitious and lateral roots in lettuce, paralleling the effects observed with the exogenous application of IBAP [30].…”

“…Notably, shoot dry weight also increased significantly by 26.7 under XOS treatment compared to WT (Figure 3). This increase was not significantly ferent from the IBAP treatment, suggesting a similar overall enhancement of biom These findings collectively demonstrate that XOS effectively promotes the biomass elongation of adventitious and lateral roots in lettuce, paralleling the effects observed w the exogenous application of IBAP [30]. Distinct lowercase letters denote significant differences among treatments at the 0.05 significa level.…”

Improving Aerial and Root Quality Traits of Two Landscaping Shrubs Stem Cuttings by Applying a Commercial Brown Seaweed Extract

“…The quality of a rooted cutting is considered based on the morphological characteristics of the aerial parts and adventitious roots, which will determine their vigor, health, uniformity, and plant fast establishment [4,5]. Their capacity can vary greatly according to the following factors: the species [6], the carbohydrate content of the cutting [7], the rooting environment [8], the level of endogenous phytohormones such as auxins [9,10] and the application of biostimulators [11]. Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) has been identified as an auxin precursor, therefore as an endogenous constituent in several plants that is converted to 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA), the main hormone of the auxins group, in a peroxisomal β-oxidation process [12].…”

From the Wild to the Field: Documentation, Propagation, Pilot Cultivation, Fertilization, and Phytochemical Evaluation of the Neglected and Underutilized Amelanchier ovalis Medik. (Rosaceae)

“…In comparison to the current study, the effects of genotype on the rooting potential of cuttings have been observed in other members of the Rosaceae family, such as a broad spectrum of wild Prunus germplasm, where cuttings from different wild genotypes presented dramatic differences in rooting capacity, ranging in some cases from 0 to >50% rooting of different genotypes under matching treatments within each tested Prunus species as well as between different wild species of the genus Prunus [48]. Additional studies reported significant effects of genotype on the rooting of cuttings of Prunus rootstock germplasm tested both under mist and hydroponically [49][50][51]. Further studies on Rosaceae small trees have reported noteworthy differences in rooting of cuttings between wild genotypes of Rosa canina L. but also between wild genotypes of damask roses (R. × damascena Herrm.)…”