“…To examine the impact of individual audiovisual information sources on the overall satisfaction of urban space in humans and reveal significant audio and visual interactions, Jeon and Jo [44] subjectively assessed several factors, including perceived audiovisual elements, audiovisual semantic attributes, and satisfaction.…”
The article’s research subject concerns soundscape acoustic perception and human perception. The article aims to support decision-making processes, based on the subjective assessment of green areas by visitors, allowing modeling of planning strategies in urban green areas. This would allow creating a friendly soundscape and managing it sustainably. The need to create a musical landscape can contribute to finding a new function and attractive form for the studied areas now and in the future. Research carried out for selected city parks in Bydgoszcz (Poland) took into consideration people’s responses in assessing the soundscape. Surveys conducted in selected parks provided information on noise sources and how consumers perceive noise during their stay in the park. A question about feeling described the reception of sound sources’ intensity by respondents (level of feeling: low, medium, high, and very high). The completed studies allow to “translate” subjective sound level responses to the numerical values of the correlation using fuzzy cognitive maps. The implemented scenarios show the possibility of using tools supporting the decision-making process in urban planning, taking into account existing acoustic conditions.
“…To examine the impact of individual audiovisual information sources on the overall satisfaction of urban space in humans and reveal significant audio and visual interactions, Jeon and Jo [44] subjectively assessed several factors, including perceived audiovisual elements, audiovisual semantic attributes, and satisfaction.…”
The article’s research subject concerns soundscape acoustic perception and human perception. The article aims to support decision-making processes, based on the subjective assessment of green areas by visitors, allowing modeling of planning strategies in urban green areas. This would allow creating a friendly soundscape and managing it sustainably. The need to create a musical landscape can contribute to finding a new function and attractive form for the studied areas now and in the future. Research carried out for selected city parks in Bydgoszcz (Poland) took into consideration people’s responses in assessing the soundscape. Surveys conducted in selected parks provided information on noise sources and how consumers perceive noise during their stay in the park. A question about feeling described the reception of sound sources’ intensity by respondents (level of feeling: low, medium, high, and very high). The completed studies allow to “translate” subjective sound level responses to the numerical values of the correlation using fuzzy cognitive maps. The implemented scenarios show the possibility of using tools supporting the decision-making process in urban planning, taking into account existing acoustic conditions.
“…Soundscape and acoustic satisfaction are important parts of overall physical environmental satisfaction [1][2][3][4]. The study of urban soundscape [5][6][7][8][9], as well as of urban public open spaces [10] has been very extensive.…”
There are similarities and differences between open public space soundscape evaluation in different countries, mainly due to the influence of cultural background. This paper systematically compares the effect of social-cultural context on soundscape of urban public open spaces in China and Croatia. Eleven well-known and typical squares were selected. A series of questionnaire surveys within the soundscape framework were carried out during the summer season, and gathered data were analyzed. Principal component analysis (PCA) resulted in two principal components, eventfulness and pleasantness, as notable soundscape factors. However, eventfulness is the major factor in China, and pleasantness is the major factor in Croatia. In terms of environmental satisfaction, natural condition is the major factor based on PCA. Urban condition is the second factor in China, however, it is the third factor in Croatia. It is interesting to note that the physical environment is the most important factor in Croatian inland and coastal places, which is different compared to Chinese places. Visit purpose is the dominant factor associated with sound and environmental satisfaction. Natural sound and children have mainly positive correlations to sound and environmental satisfaction in China, whereas sounds of human activities have mainly negative correlations to sound and environmental satisfaction in Croatia.
“…Related to audio-visual interactions, in 2020, Jeon and Jo [52] examined the contribution of audio and visual stimuli in the evaluation of urban environment satisfaction under an immersive virtual environment. Three conditions were considered: (1) audio only, (2) vision only and (3) audio-visual interaction.…”
Section: Ecological Validity With Subjective Responsesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To simulate an immersive auditory environment, Ambisonics is a prevailing method to record and auralize sounds, which allows various decoding patterns with the flexibility to lay out loudspeaker positions or headphones. In the headphone-based reproduction method, the recorded stimuli captured in Ambisonics formats are most usually presented as either head-tracked or static binaural renderings [52,59]. In the loudspeaker array-based reproduction method, there is no need for software to compensate for head movement in real time [59].…”
Section: Reproduction Systemsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Some devices have been introduced to record information and render stimuli. A panoramic camera is usually used to record omnidirectional videos as visual stimuli in the laboratory test [52,59]. A hybrid and simultaneous audio and video recording setup was used in the study by Sun et al in 2019 [61].…”
Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) is a simulated technology used to deliver multisensory information to people under different environmental conditions. When IVR is generally applied in urban planning and soundscape research, it reveals attractive possibilities for the assessment of urban sound environments with higher immersion for human participation. In virtual sound environments, various topics and measures are designed to collect subjective responses from participants under simulated laboratory conditions. Soundscape or noise assessment studies during virtual experiences adopt an evaluation approach similar to in situ methods. This paper aims to review the approaches that are utilized to assess the ecological validity of IVR for the perception of urban sound environments and the necessary technologies during audio–visual reproduction to establish a dynamic IVR experience that ensures ecological validity. The review shows that, through the use of laboratory tests including subjective response surveys, cognitive performance tests and physiological responses, the ecological validity of IVR can be assessed for the perception of urban sound environments. The reproduction system with head-tracking functions synchronizing spatial audio and visual stimuli (e.g., head-mounted displays (HMDs) with first-order Ambisonics (FOA)-tracked binaural playback) represents the prevailing trend to achieve high ecological validity. These studies potentially contribute to the outcomes of a normalized evaluation framework for subjective soundscape and noise assessments in virtual environments.
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