Effects of attenuated vaccine protocols against Salmonella Typhimurium on Salmonella serology in subclinically infected pig herds

Peeters, Linda; Dewulf, Jeroen; Boyen, Filip; Brossé, C.; Vandersmissen, Tamara; Rasschaert, Geertrui; Heyndrickx, Marc; Cargnel, Mickaël; Pasmans, Frank; Maes, Dominiek

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.05.008

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In total, 43 studies testing different pre-harvest interventions for the control of Salmonella infections in pigs were found [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ]. Table 3 compiles a description of the studies retained, with a summary of the trials reported in them and their results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Pre-Harvest Meat Safety Interventions in Pig Herds to Control Salmonella and Other Foodborne Pathogens

et al. 2021

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This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of pre-harvest interventions to control the main foodborne pathogens in pork in the European Union. A total of 1180 studies were retrieved from PubMed® and Web of Science for 15 pathogens identified as relevant in EFSA’s scientific opinion on the public health hazards related to pork (2011). The study selection focused on controlled studies where a cause–effect could be attributed to the interventions tested, and their effectiveness could be inferred. Altogether, 52 studies published from 1983 to 2020 regarding Campylobacter spp., Clostridium perfringens, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium avium, and Salmonella spp. were retained and analysed. Research was mostly focused on Salmonella (n = 43 studies). In-feed and/or water treatments, and vaccination were the most tested interventions and were, overall, successful. However, the previously agreed criteria for this systematic review excluded other effective interventions to control Salmonella and other pathogens, like Yersinia enterocolitica, which is one of the most relevant biological hazards in pork. Examples of such successful interventions are the Specific Pathogen Free herd principle, stamping out and repopulating with disease-free animals. Research on other pathogens (i.e., Hepatitis E, Trichinella spiralis and Toxoplasma gondii) was scarce, with publications focusing on epidemiology, risk factors and/or observational studies. Overall, high herd health coupled with good management and biosecurity were effective to control or prevent most foodborne pathogens in pork at the pre-harvest level.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Pre-Harvest Meat Safety Interventions in Pig Herds to Control Salmonella and Other Foodborne Pathogens

et al. 2021

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“…Although the effectiveness of the other BSMs evaluated to reduce SAL was demonstrated in the meta-analysis ( 38 ), their respective BCRs were <1 for both countries. Even though the effectiveness of vaccination of pigs to reduce the exposure to humans was proven, i.e., a case reduction of 63% ( 41 ), the calculated BCR suggests that implementation in 100% of animals is not cost-effective. This BSM resulted in the highest total cost for a one-year implementation when applied to all sows and all piglets within a 1 year cycle in the UK (€39.1 million).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The BSM effect was simulated directly by QMRA, by setting the fecal leakage (anus) rate along the slaughter line to zero. e Effect of vaccination against Salmonella in breeding sows and offspring according to Peeters et al ( 41 ). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of cost-effective biosecurity measures to reduce Salmonella along the pork production chain

Bester,

Käsbohrer,

Wilkins

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The continued occurrence of salmonellosis cases in Europe attributed to the consumption of pork products highlights the importance of identifying cost-effective interventions. Certain biosecurity measures (BSMs) may be effective in reducing the prevalence of specific pathogens along the pork production chain and their presence in food products. The objective of this study was to identify pathogen-specific, cost-effective BSMs to reduce Salmonella at different stages of the pork production chain in two European countries - Austria (AT) and the United Kingdom (UK). For this purpose, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted based on the epidemiological output of an established quantitative microbiological risk assessment that simulated the implementation effect of the BSMs based on their risk ratios. For each of the BSMs, the associated costs and benefits were assessed individually and country-specifically. For both AT and UK, nine different BSMs were evaluated assuming a countrywide implementation rate of 100%. The results showed that four BSMs were cost-effective (benefit-cost ratio > 1) for AT and five for the UK. The uncertainty regarding the cost-effectiveness of the BSMs resulted from the variability of individual risk ratios, and the variability of benefits associated with the implementation of the BSMs. The low number of cost-effective BSMs highlights the need for holistic risk-based models and economic assessments. To increase the willingness to implement BSMs and maximize the benefits for stakeholders, who carry the majority of the implementation costs, epidemiological assessments of BSM effectiveness should consider the impact on several relevant pathogens simultaneously.

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“…Differently, the significantly ( p < 0.001) lower Salmonella prevalence in the V farms, as would be expected, is likely related to the higher antibody levels detected in the OFs of vaccinated sows, which decreases in their offspring due to the lacking vaccination booster ( Figure 3 ). As already showed by a recent study, the high level of IgG antibodies in the OFs of vaccinated sows may arise from important systemic and mucosal humoral immune responses to anti- Salmonella vaccination [ 40 ]. Differences in IgG antibody OD values were also observed in the pig categories of the V and NV farms ( Table 2 and Figure 3 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot Investigation of Anti-Salmonella Antibodies in Oral Fluids from Salmonella Typhimurium Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Swine Herds

Lucia¹,

Cawthraw

Smith

et al. 2021

Animals

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Oral fluid (OF) can be a simple, cheap and non-invasive alternative to serum or meat juice for the diagnosis and surveillance of important pathogens in pigs. This study was conducted on four Salmonella Typhimurium-positive farrow-to-finish pig farms: two Salmonella-vaccinated (V) and two non-vaccinated (NV). Gilts and sows in the V farms were vaccinated with a live, attenuated vaccine prior to farrowing. Pooled faecal and OF samples were collected from the sows and their offspring. Salmonella was isolated according to ISO6579–1:2017. In parallel, IgG and IgA levels were assessed in OF samples using a commercial ELISA assay. Salmonella was detected in 90.9% of the pooled faecal samples from the NV farms and in 35.1% of the pooled faecal samples from the V farms. Overall, a higher prevalence was observed in the pooled faecal samples from the offspring (76.3%) compared to the sows (36.4%). IgG antibodies measured in V farms are likely to be related to vaccination, as well as exposure to Salmonella field strains. The detection of IgA antibodies in OF was unreliable with the method used. The results of this study show that IgG is the most reliable isotype for monitoring Salmonella-specific antibody immunity in vaccinated/infected animals via OF.

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Effects of attenuated vaccine protocols against Salmonella Typhimurium on Salmonella serology in subclinically infected pig herds

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

A Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Pre-Harvest Meat Safety Interventions in Pig Herds to Control Salmonella and Other Foodborne Pathogens

A Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Pre-Harvest Meat Safety Interventions in Pig Herds to Control Salmonella and Other Foodborne Pathogens

Identification of cost-effective biosecurity measures to reduce Salmonella along the pork production chain

Pilot Investigation of Anti-Salmonella Antibodies in Oral Fluids from Salmonella Typhimurium Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Swine Herds

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