Effects of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Enrichment on Salt-Marsh Plants

Rozema, J.; Lenssen, G. M.; Broekman, Rob; Arp, Willem J.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-2003-3_7

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Increased atmospheric CO 2 could increase plant production if other factors such .as nutrients and precipitation are not limiting to plant growth. Curtis et al (1989) showed that Schoenoplectus amencanus (formerly Scirpus olneyz) primary productivity increased with increased CO 2 and Rozema et al (1990Rozema et al ( , 1991 and others showed increased salt tolerance with elevated CO2, Increased CO 2 produced higher root-to-shoot ratios, growth rates, net assimilation rates, greater biomass, leaf area, stem length, and earlier ages at maturity in red mangrove seedlings (Farnsworth et al 1996;Ball et al 1997). Related research on the effects of elevated atmospheric CO 2 on agricultural, forest, and herbaceous wetland systems suggests that growth enhancement is likely; at least for seedlings, but the long-term impacts on productivity, nutrient cycling, and other ecosystem processes are uncertain.…”

Section: Coastal Wetlandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change impacts on U.S. Coastal and Marine Ecosystems

et al. 2002

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Increases in concentrations of greenhouse gases projected for the 21st century are expected to lead to increased mean global air and ocean temperatures. The National Assessment of Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change (NAST 2001) was based on a series of regional and sector assessments. This paper is a summary of the coastal and marine resources sector review of potential impacts on shorelines, estuaries, coastal wetlands, coral reefs, and ocean margin ecosystems. The assessment considered the impacts of several key drivers of climate change: sea level change; alterations in precipitation patterns and subsequent delivery of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment; increased ocean temperature; alterations in circulation patterns; changes in frequency and intensity of coastal storms; and increased levels of atmospheric CO •. Increasing rates of sea-level rise and intensity and frequency of coastal storms and hurricanes over the next decades will increase threats to shorelines, wetlands, and coastal development. Estuarine productivity will change in response to alteration in the timing and amount of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment delivery. Higher water temperatures and changes in freshwater delivery will alter estuarine stratification, residence time, and eutrophication. Increased ocean temperatures are expected to increase coral bleaching and higher CO. levels may reduce coral calcification, making it more difficult for corals to recover from other disturbances, and inhibiting poleward shifts. Ocean warming is expected to cause poleward shifts in the ranges of many other organisms, including commercial species, and these shifts may have secondary effects on their predators and prey. Although these potential impacts of climate change and variability will vary from system to system, it is important to recognize that they will be superimposed

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Section: Coastal Wetlandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change impacts on U.S. Coastal and Marine Ecosystems

et al. 2002

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“…Salt tolerance of C 3 species may be enhanced at elevated CO2 by an increase in available photosynthates and by improved water status (Bowman & Strain 1987;Rozema et al 1990). Salt tolerance of C 3 species may be enhanced at elevated CO2 by an increase in available photosynthates and by improved water status (Bowman & Strain 1987;Rozema et al 1990).…”

Section: Water Relations Of Scirpus Olneyi and Spartina Patensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between C3 and C4 salt marsh plant species during four years of exposure to elevated atmospheric CO2

et al. 1993

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Elevated atmospheric CO2 is known to stimulate photosynthesis and growth of plants with the C3 pathway but less of plants with the C4 pathway. An increase in the CO2 concentration can therefore be expected to change the competitive interactions between C3 and C4 species. The effect of long term exposure to elevated CO2 (ambient CO2 concentration + 340 #mol CO2 tool-1) on a salt marsh vegetation with both C3 and C4 species was investigated. Elevated CO2 increased the biomass of the C3 sedge Scirpus olneyi growing in a pure stand, while the biomass of the C4 grass Spartinapatens in a monospecific community was not affected. In the mixed C3/C4 community the C3 sedge showed a very large relative increase in biomass in elevated CO2 while the biomass of the C4 species declined.The C4 grass Spartina patens dominated the higher areas of the salt marsh, while the C3 sedge Scirpus olneyi was most abundant at the lower elevations, and the mixed community occupied intermediate elevations. Scirpus growth may have been restricted by drought and salt stress at the higher elevations, while Spartina growth at the lower elevations may be affected by the higher frequency of flooding. Elevated CO2 may affect the species distribution in the salt marsh if it allows Scirpus to grow at higher elevations where it in turn may affect the growth of Spartina.

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“…This may also be the case for Aster tripolium, a C 3 halophyte which is likely to be a promising crop plant in future (Geissler et al 2009a, b). There have been some hints in literature that this species may benefit from rising CO 2 concentrations Rozema et al 1990;Lenssen et al 1995), but there has not yet been any detailed information about the interaction between elevated CO 2 and salinity tolerance of this plant available, especially regarding the molecular level. Hence, we studied how an increase in CO 2 concentration, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration enhances salinity tolerance in Aster tripolium L.

Geißler

Hussin

Koyro

2009

Planta

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Our study aimed at investigating the influence of elevated atmospheric CO(2) concentration on the salinity tolerance of the cash crop halophyte Aster tripolium L., thereby focussing on protein expression and enzyme activities. The plants were grown in hydroponics using a nutrient solution with or without addition of NaCl (75% seawater salinity), under ambient (380 ppm) and elevated (520 ppm) CO(2). Under ambient CO(2) concentration enhanced expressions and activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase in the salt-treatments were recorded as a reaction to oxidative stress. Elevated CO(2) led to significantly higher enzyme expressions and activities in the salt-treatments, so that reactive oxygen species could be detoxified more effectively. Furthermore, the expression of a protective heat shock protein (class 20) increased under salinity and was even further enhanced under elevated CO(2) concentration. Additional energy had to be provided for the mechanisms mentioned above, which was indicated by the increased expression of a beta ATPase subunit and higher v-, p- and f-ATPase activities under salinity. The higher ATPase expression and activities also enable a more efficient ion transport and compartmentation for the maintenance of ion homeostasis. We conclude that elevated CO(2) concentration is able to improve the survival of A. tripolium under salinity because more energy is provided for the synthesis and enhanced activity of enzymes and proteins which enable a more efficient ROS detoxification and ion compartmentation/transport.

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Effects of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Enrichment on Salt-Marsh Plants

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Climate change impacts on U.S. Coastal and Marine Ecosystems

Climate change impacts on U.S. Coastal and Marine Ecosystems

Interactions between C3 and C4 salt marsh plant species during four years of exposure to elevated atmospheric CO2

Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration enhances salinity tolerance in Aster tripolium L.

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