Effects of artificial frost hardening and winter stress on net photosynthesis, photosynthetic electron transport and RuBP carboxylase activity in seedlings of Pinus silvestris

Öquist, Gunnar; Brunes, Laila; Hällgren, Jan-Erik; Gezelius, Kerstin; Hallén, Monica; Malmberg, Gunilla

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1980.tb03299.x

Cited by 67 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…In this study, the gas exchange reaction for needles of all stands and for the entire tree crowns was described using a shade leaf parameterization determined appropriate for the Fichtelgebirge region with high LAI (table III). The physiological capacity of Norway spruce needles for electron transport, carboxylation, and dark respiration varies seasonally in agreement with gas exchange observations from several other tree species [10,12,47,49]. We assumed that reduced soil water availability did not affect stomatal conductance during the summers 1994 and 1995 due to frequent rain events.…”

Section: Physiological Parameterizationsupporting

confidence: 66%

Modelling age- and density-related gas exchange of Picea abies canopies in the Fichtelgebirge, Germany

et al. 2000

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-Differences in canopy exchange of water and carbon dioxide that occur due to changes in tree structure and density in montane Norway spruce stands of Central Germany were analyzed with a three dimensional microclimate and gas exchange model STANDFLUX. The model was used to calculate forest radiation absorption, the net photosynthesis and transpiration of single trees, and gas exchange of tree canopies. Model parameterizations were derived for six stands of Picea abies (L.) Karst. differing in age from 40 to 140 years and in density from 1680 to 320 trees per hectare. Parameterization included information on leaf area distribution from tree harvests, tree positions and tree sizes. Gas exchange was modelled using a single species-specific set of physiological parameters and assuming no influence of soil water availability. For our humid montane stands, these simplifying assumptions appeared to be acceptable. Comparisons of modelled daily tree transpiration with water use estimates from xylem sapflow measurements provided a test of the model. Estimates for canopy transpiration rate derived from the model and via xylem sapflow measurements agreed within ± 20%, especially at moderate to high air vapor pressure deficits. The results suggest that age and density dependent changes in canopy structure (changes in clumping of needles) and their effect on light exposure of the average needle lead to shifts in canopy conductance and determine tree canopy transpiration in these managed montane forests. Modelled canopy net photosynthesis rates are presented, but have not yet been verified at the canopy level.norway spruce / xylem sapflow / canopy transpiration / canopy light use efficiency / biosphere-atmosphere interactions Résumé -Effet de l'âge et de la densité sur la modélisation des échanges gazeux dans la canopée de peuplements de Picea abies (L) Karst. dans le Fichtelgebirge (Allemagne). Les différences d'échange d'eau et de dioxyde de carbone au niveau de la canopée qui se produisent à la suite de changements dans la structure et la densité des arbres dans des peuplements d'Epicéa commun en zone de montagne de l'Allemagne centrale, ont été analysées selon le modèle tridimensionnel de microclimat et d'échange gazeux STANDFLUX. Le modèle a été utilisé pour calculer l'absorption du rayonnement par la forêt, le bilan photosynthétique net et la transpiration d'arbres individuels, et les échanges gazeux au niveau de la canopée. La paramétrisation du modèle a été effectuée à partir des mesures dans six peuplements de Picea abies (L.) Karst. dont l'âge variait de 40 à 140 ans et la densité des peuplements de 1680 à 320 arbres par hectare. La paramétrisation incluait l'information sur la distribution de la surface foliaire à partir de l'exploitation d'arbres, la position des arbres et leurs dimensions. Les échanges gazeux ont été modélisés en utilisant une série de paramètres physiologiques spécifiques de l'espèce, et en supposant qu'il n'y avait aucune influence de la disponibilité en eau. Pour les peuplements consi...

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Section: Physiological Parameterizationsupporting

confidence: 66%

Modelling age- and density-related gas exchange of Picea abies canopies in the Fichtelgebirge, Germany

et al. 2000

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“…The observed reduction in Fv / Fm noted in this study was not, however, accompanied by a change in shoot water status. Other studies have also shown a reduction in Fv / Fm during the coldest winter period that are thought to indicate winter photosynthetic "inactivation" [20], with reduced light-saturated rates of net photosynthesis and electron transport [30,31]. Despite the mild field temperatures experienced by seedlings in this study, declines, particularly in Φ PSII, were still evident indicating that either the plants are susceptible to relatively small temperature changes or other environmental factors are involved.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, performance and survival of freshly lifted and cold stored Douglas fir seedlings

et al. 2001

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-The physiological condition of three-year-old Douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] was periodically assessed from October to May 1998/1999 during propagation of seedlings in an Irish nursery. Seedling physiological status was evaluated in situ using determinations of chlorophyll fluorescence and plant water status. Pre-and post-cold stored (either -2 o C or +0.5 o C) plant vitality was examined using determinations of root growth potential (RGP), root electrolyte leakage (REL), shoot water content and chlorophyll fluorescence. Data obtained from freshly lifted and cold stored stock showed that chlorophyll fluorescence provides a reliable (non-destructive) method of evaluating a seedlings potential field performance in both pre-lift (direct planting) and post-storage (outplanting) situations. Variations in survival and an index of plant health were paralleled by inverse changes in the effective quantum yield of photosystem II (Φ PSII) from November to April. Significant positive non-linear relationships were found between RGP and Φ PSII, though they were of limited predictive ability in terms of outplanting performance. Post-storage fluorescence assessments indicated down-regulation and/or damage of the plants photosynthetic light-harvesting complex, which depended on storage temperature and duration. Ann. For. Sci. 58 (2001) [225][226][227][228][229][230][231][232][233][234][235] 225

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“…The correlation between the PSII activity and the unsaturation level was less clear (r = 0.60; data not shown). We know from earlier studies (11,12,18,19) that the winter inhibition of overall electron transport occurs at the site of plastoquinone, which links the two photosystems. The plastoquinone content ofthe thylakoids also reaches a minimum level when this inhibition is most severe (12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…photosynthesis (22). Studies of pine seedlings exposed to artificial frosthardening (photoperiod, 8 h; 3°C) followed by winter stress in light at sub-zero temperature (photoperiod, 8 h; -5°C) showed that the decay and final winter inhibition of net photosynthesis was paralleled with an inhibition of the photosynthetic electron transport, whereas the activity of extracted ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase was much less inhibited (18). It has also been shown (1 1, 13, 19) that the primary site of winter-induced inhibition of electron transport in pine is at the site of plastoquinone, although the capacities of the partial reactions of the two photosystems also decayed during prolonged winter stress.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Seasonally Induced Changes in Acyl Lipids and Fatty Acids of Chloroplast Thylakoids of Pinus silvestris

Öquist¹

1982

Plant Physiol.

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Current-year needles were sampled regularly from an approximately 20-year-old natural stand of Pinus silvestris. Chloroplast thylakoids were isolated. The electron transport capacities of photosystem II + photosystem I, as well as of the partial photoreactions, were measured. The amounts and the fatty acid compositions of monogalactosyldiglyceride, digalactosyldiglyceride, and sulfolipid of the thylakoids were analyzed. The fatty acid composition of the phospholipids (total) was also determined.There was a 2-fold increase in the content of the galactolipids and the sulfolipid in the thylakoid preparations during the autumn. Except for monogalactosyldiglyceride that decreased in content during early winter, the content of the other two lipids remained high during the winter, unti spring when their content fell toward a low summer level. The ratio of monogalactosyldiglyceride to digalactosyldiglyceride was lower in thylakoids isolated from frosthardened (autumn, winter) than in those isolated from unhardened (summer) needles.Only monogalactosyldiglyceride showed pronounced and significant seasonal variations in the molar ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids. It was low in the winter, and it increased strongly during the spring. The highest ratio was observed in September, prior to the first night frosts, after which a steady decrease toward the low winter value occurred. This decrease is thought to be a reflection of membrane damages (photooxidation of membrane components, including polyunsaturated fatty acids), as earlier seen reflected in chlorophyll destruction, electron transport inhibition, and structural changes.There was very good correlation between the seasonal variations in the capacity for electron transport from water to NADP and the level of unsaturation of monogalactosyldiglyceride (r = 0.93). It has been shown earlier that the winter inhibition of electron transport preferentially occurs at the lipophilic electron transport carrier plastoquinone and that the free miscibility of plastoquinone and monogalactosyldiglyceride is prevented in saturated monogalactosyldiglyceride. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the decreased level of unsaturation of monogalactosyldiglyceride reduces the mobility of plastoquinone in the thylakoids, resulting in an inhibition of the electron transport by way of plastoquinone.We have published a series of papers on climatically induced changes of the function and organization of the chloroplast thylakoids of Pinus silvestris. The studies recently have been reviewed (17). Prolonged exposure of conifers to near-and sub-zero temperatures causes a well-known depression of the rate of net ' Supported by the Swedish Natural Science Research Council. photosynthesis (22). Studies of pine seedlings exposed to artificial frosthardening (photoperiod, 8 h; 3°C) followed by winter stress in light at sub-zero temperature (photoperiod, 8 h; -5°C) showed that the decay and final winter inhibition of net photosynthesis was paralleled with an inhibition of the photosynthet...

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Effects of artificial frost hardening and winter stress on net photosynthesis, photosynthetic electron transport and RuBP carboxylase activity in seedlings of Pinus silvestris

Cited by 67 publications

References 12 publications

Modelling age- and density-related gas exchange of Picea abies canopies in the Fichtelgebirge, Germany

Modelling age- and density-related gas exchange of Picea abies canopies in the Fichtelgebirge, Germany

Chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, performance and survival of freshly lifted and cold stored Douglas fir seedlings

Seasonally Induced Changes in Acyl Lipids and Fatty Acids of Chloroplast Thylakoids of Pinus silvestris

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